结论：testOnBorrow能够确保我们每次都能获取到可用的连接，但如果设置成true，则每次获取连接的时候都要到数据库验证连接有效性，这在高并发的时候会造成性能下降，可以将testOnBorrow设成false，testWhileIdle设置成true这样能获得比较好的性能。
-
testWhileIdle是什么意思？
testWhileIdle：如果为true（默认true），当应用向连接池申请连接，并且testOnBorrow为false时，连接池将会判断连接是否处于空闲状态，如果是，则验证这条连接是否可用。
-
testWhileIdle什么时候会起作用？
- 获取连接时；
- testOnBorrow==false;
- testWhileIdle==true;
使用代码在DruidDataSource的getConnectionDirect方法
注意：此时判断连接空闲的依据是空闲时间大于timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis（默认1分钟），并不是使用minEvictableIdleTimeMillis跟maxEvictableIdleTimeMillis，也就是说如果连接空闲时间超过一分钟就测试一下连接的有效性，但并不是直接剔除；而如果空闲时间超过了minEvictableIdleTimeMillis则会直接剔除。
if (testOnBorrow) {
boolean validate = testConnectionInternal(poolableConnection.holder, poolableConnection.conn);
if (!validate) {
if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
LOG.debug("skip not validate connection.");
}
discardConnection(poolableConnection.holder);
continue;
}
} else {
if (poolableConnection.conn.isClosed()) {
discardConnection(poolableConnection.holder); // 传入null，避免重复关闭
continue;
}
if (testWhileIdle) {
final DruidConnectionHolder holder = poolableConnection.holder;
long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
long lastActiveTimeMillis = holder.lastActiveTimeMillis;
long lastExecTimeMillis = holder.lastExecTimeMillis;
long lastKeepTimeMillis = holder.lastKeepTimeMillis;
if (checkExecuteTime
&& lastExecTimeMillis != lastActiveTimeMillis) {
lastActiveTimeMillis = lastExecTimeMillis;
}
if (lastKeepTimeMillis > lastActiveTimeMillis) {
lastActiveTimeMillis = lastKeepTimeMillis;
}
long idleMillis = currentTimeMillis - lastActiveTimeMillis;
long timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis = this.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis;
if (timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis <= 0) {
timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis = DEFAULT_TIME_BETWEEN_EVICTION_RUNS_MILLIS;
}
if (idleMillis >= timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis
|| idleMillis < 0 // unexcepted branch
) {
boolean validate = testConnectionInternal(poolableConnection.holder, poolableConnection.conn);
if (!validate) {
if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
LOG.debug("skip not validate connection.");
}
discardConnection(poolableConnection.holder);
continue;
}
}
}
}-
总结
testWhileIdle的作用跟testOnBorrow是差不多的，都是在获取连接的时候测试连接的有效性，如果两者都为true，则testOnBorrow优先级高，则不会使用到testWhileIdle。
-
testOnBorrow是什么意思？
testOnBorrow：如果为true（默认false），当应用向连接池申请连接时，连接池会判断这条连接是否是可用的。
-
testOnBorrow什么时候会用到？
这个参数主要在DruidDataSource的getConnectionDirect方法中用到
public DruidPooledConnection getConnectionDirect(long maxWaitMillis) throws SQLException {
int notFullTimeoutRetryCnt = 0;
for (;;) {
// handle notFullTimeoutRetry
DruidPooledConnection poolableConnection;
try {
poolableConnection = getConnectionInternal(maxWaitMillis);
} catch (GetConnectionTimeoutException ex) {
if (notFullTimeoutRetryCnt <= this.notFullTimeoutRetryCount && !isFull()) {
notFullTimeoutRetryCnt++;
if (LOG.isWarnEnabled()) {
LOG.warn("get connection timeout retry : " + notFullTimeoutRetryCnt);
}
continue;
}
throw ex;
}
//测试即将返回的连接是否可用
if (testOnBorrow) {
boolean validate = testConnectionInternal(poolableConnection.holder, poolableConnection.conn);
if (!validate) {
if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
LOG.debug("skip not validate connection.");
}
discardConnection(poolableConnection.holder);
continue;
}
}
//。。。
}-
连接池是如何判断连接是否有效的？
- 如果是常用的数据库，则使用${DBNAME}ValidConnectionChecker进行判断，比如Mysql数据库，使用MySqlValidConnectionChecker的isValidConnection进行判断；
- 如果是其他数据库，则使用validationQuery判断；
protected boolean testConnectionInternal(DruidConnectionHolder holder, Connection conn) {
String sqlFile = JdbcSqlStat.getContextSqlFile();
String sqlName = JdbcSqlStat.getContextSqlName();
if (sqlFile != null) {
JdbcSqlStat.setContextSqlFile(null);
}
if (sqlName != null) {
JdbcSqlStat.setContextSqlName(null);
}
try {//如果是常用的数据库，则使用相关数据库的validConnectionChecker进行验证，比如MysqlValidConnectionChecker，否则使用validationQuery验证
if (validConnectionChecker != null) {
boolean valid = validConnectionChecker.isValidConnection(conn, validationQuery, validationQueryTimeout);
long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
if (holder != null) {
holder.lastValidTimeMillis = currentTimeMillis;
holder.lastExecTimeMillis = currentTimeMillis;
}
if (valid && isMySql) { // unexcepted branch
long lastPacketReceivedTimeMs = MySqlUtils.getLastPacketReceivedTimeMs(conn);
if (lastPacketReceivedTimeMs > 0) {
long mysqlIdleMillis = currentTimeMillis - lastPacketReceivedTimeMs;
if (lastPacketReceivedTimeMs > 0 //
&& mysqlIdleMillis >= timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis) {
discardConnection(holder);
String errorMsg = "discard long time none received connection. "
+ ", jdbcUrl : " + jdbcUrl
+ ", jdbcUrl : " + jdbcUrl
+ ", lastPacketReceivedIdleMillis : " + mysqlIdleMillis;
LOG.error(errorMsg);
return false;
}
}
}
if (valid && onFatalError) {
lock.lock();
try {
if (onFatalError) {
onFatalError = false;
}
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
return valid;
}
if (conn.isClosed()) {
return false;
}
if (null == validationQuery) {
return true;
}
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rset = null;
try {
stmt = conn.createStatement();
if (getValidationQueryTimeout() > 0) {
stmt.setQueryTimeout(validationQueryTimeout);
}
rset = stmt.executeQuery(validationQuery);
if (!rset.next()) {
return false;
}
} finally {
JdbcUtils.close(rset);
JdbcUtils.close(stmt);
}
if (onFatalError) {
lock.lock();
try {
if (onFatalError) {
onFatalError = false;
}
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
return true;
} catch (Throwable ex) {
// skip
return false;
} finally {
if (sqlFile != null) {
JdbcSqlStat.setContextSqlFile(sqlFile);
}
if (sqlName != null) {
JdbcSqlStat.setContextSqlName(sqlName);
}
}
} public boolean isValidConnection(Connection conn, String validateQuery, int validationQueryTimeout) throws Exception {
if (conn.isClosed()) {
return false;
}
//如果数据库驱动有pingInternal方法，则使用pingInternal方法判断，否则使用validateQuery进行判断
if (usePingMethod) {
if (conn instanceof DruidPooledConnection) {
conn = ((DruidPooledConnection) conn).getConnection();
}
if (conn instanceof ConnectionProxy) {
conn = ((ConnectionProxy) conn).getRawObject();
}
if (clazz.isAssignableFrom(conn.getClass())) {
if (validationQueryTimeout <= 0) {
validationQueryTimeout = DEFAULT_VALIDATION_QUERY_TIMEOUT;
}
try {
ping.invoke(conn, true, validationQueryTimeout * 1000);
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
Throwable cause = e.getCause();
if (cause instanceof SQLException) {
throw (SQLException) cause;
}
throw e;
}
return true;
}
}
String query = validateQuery;
if (validateQuery == null || validateQuery.isEmpty()) {
query = DEFAULT_VALIDATION_QUERY;
}
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
stmt = conn.createStatement();
if (validationQueryTimeout > 0) {
stmt.setQueryTimeout(validationQueryTimeout);
}
rs = stmt.executeQuery(query);
return true;
} finally {
JdbcUtils.close(rs);
JdbcUtils.close(stmt);
}
}-
如果验证不通过怎么办？
验证不通过则会直接关闭该连接，并重新从连接池获取下一条连接；
//测试即将返回的连接是否可用
if (testOnBorrow) {
boolean validate = testConnectionInternal(poolableConnection.holder, poolableConnection.conn);
if (!validate) {
if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
LOG.debug("skip not validate connection.");
}
//验证不通过则直接剔除该连接，并重新获取下一条连接
discardConnection(poolableConnection.holder);
continue;
}
}-
总结
testOnBorrow能够确保我们每次都能获取到可用的连接，但如果设置成true，则每次获取连接的时候都要到数据库验证连接有效性，这在高并发的时候会造成性能下降，可以将testOnBorrow设成false，testWhileIdle设置成true这样能获得比较好的性能。
作者：codeimport
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/edb6a91285be
来源：简书
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