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源代码来源:http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2007-12/9623p2.htm
由于源代码注释几乎没有,可能新手较难看懂。因此鄙人加上了注释,有些小错误的地方也改了一下,其它不多说了。
程序1:检测接口的 inet_addr,netmask,broad_addr
程序2:检查接口的物理连接是否正常
程序3:更简单一点测试物理连接
程序4:调节音量
程序1:检测接口的 inet_addr,netmask,broad_addr
可能用到的资料:
1.ioctl和struct ifreq
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/59f4508d680203d8ce2f2412.html
上面链接中的源代码,头文件需要自己修改一下
//程序1:检测接口的 inet_addr,netmask,broad_addr
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <net/if.h>
static void usage(){
printf("usage : ipconfig interface\n");
exit(0);
}
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
struct sockaddr_in *addr; //套接字地址结构体
struct ifreq ifr; //用于ioctl
char *name, *address; //网络设备的名字,地址
int sockfd; //套接子描述符
if(argc != 2) //参数不够
usage();
else
name = argv[1];
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); //打开一个数据流套接子
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, IFNAMSIZ-1); //限制设备名的长度并截断,防止溢出
if(ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) == -1) //用 SIOCGIFADDR 来获得接口地址
perror("ioctl error"), exit(1); //描述错误代码
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ifr.ifr_addr);
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr); //地址转换
printf("inet addr: %s ",address);
if(ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFBRDADDR, &ifr) == -1) //用 SIOCGIFBRDADDR 来获得广播地址
perror("ioctl error"),exit(1);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_broadaddr;
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("broad addr: %s ",address);
if(ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFNETMASK, &ifr) == -1) //用 SIOCGIFNETMASK 来获得掩码地址
perror("ioctl error"),exit(1);
addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_addr;
address = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
printf("inet mask: %s ",address);
printf("\n");
exit(0);
}
程序2:检查接口的物理连接是否正常
//程序2:检查接口的物理连接是否正常
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
typedef unsigned short u16;
typedef unsigned int u32;
typedef unsigned char u8;
#include <linux/ethtool.h>
#include <linux/sockios.h>
int detect_mii(int skfd, char *ifname)
{
struct ifreq ifr;
u16 *data, mii_val;
unsigned phy_id;
//Get the vitals from the interface.
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
//MII=(媒介无关接口)
//PHY=物理链路
if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGMIIPHY, &ifr) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "SIOCGMIIPHY on %s failed: %s\n", ifname,
strerror(errno));
(void) close(skfd);
return 2;
}
data = (u16 *)(&ifr.ifr_data);
phy_id = data[0];
data[1] = 1;
//REG regedit
if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCGMIIREG, &ifr) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "SIOCGMIIREG on %s failed: %s\n", ifr.ifr_name,
strerror(errno));
return 2;
}
mii_val = data[3];
return(((mii_val & 0x0016) == 0x0004) ? 0 : 1);
}
int detect_ethtool(int skfd, char *ifname)
{
struct ifreq ifr;
struct ethtool_value edata;
memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
edata.cmd = ETHTOOL_GLINK;
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name)-1);
ifr.ifr_data = (char *) &edata;
//ETH : EtherNet n. 以太网O
/\tOOL 工具
if (ioctl(skfd, SIOCETHTOOL, &ifr) == -1)
{
printf("ETHTOOL_GLINK failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
return 2;
}
return (edata.data ? 0 : 1);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int skfd = -1; //套接子描述符
char *ifname; //接口设备名
int retval; //返回值
if( argv[1] )
ifname = argv[1];
else
ifname = "eth0"; //默认值
//打开一个套接子
if (( skfd = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0 ) ) < 0 )
{
printf("socket error\n");
exit(-1);
}
//探测以太网设备
retval = detect_ethtool(skfd, ifname);
if (retval == 2)//上面失败情况下
//探测物理链路
retval = detect_mii(skfd, ifname);
close(skfd);
if (retval == 2)
printf("Could not determine status\n");
if (retval == 1)
printf("Link down\n");
if (retval == 0)
printf("Link up\n");
return retval;
}
程序3:更简单一点测试物理连接
//程序3:更简单一点测试物理连接
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <linux/sockios.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#define LINKTEST_GLINK 0x0000000a
struct linktest_value {
unsigned int cmd;
unsigned int data;
};
static
void
usage(const char * pname)
{
fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s <device>\n", pname);
fprintf(stderr, "returns: \n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t 0: link detected\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t%d: %s\n", ENODEV, strerror(ENODEV));
fprintf(stderr, "\t%d: %s\n", ENONET, strerror(ENONET));
fprintf(stderr, "\t%d: %s\n", EOPNOTSUPP, strerror(EOPNOTSUPP));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
static
int
linktest(const char * devname)
{
struct ifreq ifr;
struct linktest_value edata;
int fd;
// setup our control structures.
memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, devname);//为什么没有用strncpy了
//open control socket.
fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if(fd < 0 ) {
return -ECOMM;
}
errno = 0;
edata.cmd = LINKTEST_GLINK;
ifr.ifr_data = (caddr_t)&edata;
if(!ioctl(fd, SIOCETHTOOL, &ifr)) {
if(edata.data) {
fprintf(stdout, "link detected on %s\n", devname);
return 0;
} else {
errno=ENONET;
}
}
perror("linktest");
return errno;
}
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
if(argc != 2) {
usage(argv[0]);
}
return linktest(argv[1]);
}
程序4:调节音量
可能用到的资料:
Linux的混音设备/dev/mixer
http://blog.163.com/ji_wei8888/blog/static/48680446201110925825588/
//程序4:调节音量
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/soundcard.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define BASE_VALUE 257
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
int mixer_fd=0;
char *names[SOUND_MIXER_NRDEVICES]=SOUND_DEVICE_LABELS;
int value,i;
//检查参数
if (argc<3)
{
printf("\nusage:%s dev_no.[0..24] value[0..100]\n\n",argv[0]);
printf("eg. %s 0 100\n",argv[0]);
printf(" will change the volume to MAX volume.\n\n");
printf("The dev_no. are as below:\n");
for (i=0; i<SOUND_MIXER_NRDEVICES; i++){
if (i%3==0)
printf("\n");
printf("%s:%d\t\t",names[i], i);
}
printf("\n\n");
exit(1);
}
//打开文件
if ((mixer_fd = open("/dev/mixer",O_RDWR))){
printf("Mixer opened successfully,working...\n");
value = BASE_VALUE*atoi(argv[2]);
//修改文件
if (ioctl(mixer_fd, MIXER_WRITE(atoi(argv[1])), &value)==0)
printf("successfully.....");
else
printf("unsuccessfully.....");
printf("done.\n");
}else
printf("can't open /dev/mixer error....\n");
exit(0);
}