这一节是非常实用的一节,我在阅读此书的时候,一直在迷惑,究竟应该怎样管理Session呢?因为Session的管理是如此重要,类似于以前写程序对JDBC Connection的管理。看完此节后,终于找到了方法。
在各种Session管理方案中,ThreadLocal模式得到了大量使用。ThreadLocal是Java中一种较为特殊的线程绑定机制。通过ThreadLocal存取的数据,总是与当前线程相关,也就是说,JVM为每个运行的线程,绑定了私有的本定实例存取空间,从而为多线程环境经常出现的并发访问问题提供了一种隔离机制。
下面是Hibernate官方提供的一个ThreadLocal工具:
import net.sf.hibernate. * ;
import net.sf.hibernate.cfg. * ;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
/**/ /**
* <p>Title: </p>
*
* <p>Description: Session的管理类</p>
*
* <p>Copyright: Copyright (c) 2005</p>
*
* <p>Company: </p>
*
* @author George Hill
* @version 1.0
*/
public class HibernateUtil {
private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(HibernateUtil.class);
private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;
/**//**
* 初始化Hibernate配置
*/
static {
try {
// Create the SessionFactory
sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
} catch (Throwable ex) {
log.error("Initial SessionFactory creation failed.", ex);
throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
}
}
public static final ThreadLocal session = new ThreadLocal();
/**//**
* 根据当前线程获取相应的Session
* @return Session
* @throws HibernateException
*/
public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException {
Session s = (Session) session.get();
// Open a new Session, if this Thread has none yet
if (s == null) {
s = sessionFactory.openSession();
session.set(s);
}
return s;
}
/**//**
* 返回Session给相应的线程
* @throws HibernateException
*/
public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {
Session s = (Session) session.get();
session.set(null);
if (s != null)
s.close();
}
}
针对WEB程序,还可以利用Servlet2.3的Filter机制,轻松实现线程生命周期内的Session管理。下面是一个通过Filter进行Session管理的典型案例:
public
class
PersistenceFilter implements Filter
{
protected static ThreadLocal hibernateHolder = new ThreadLocal();
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
hibernateHolder.set(getSession());
try {
chain.doFilter(request, response);
} finally {
Session session = (Session) hibernateHolder.get();
if (session != null) {
hibernateHolder.set(null);
try {
session.close();
} catch (HibernateException ex) {
throw new ServletException(ex);
}
}
}
}
}
protected static ThreadLocal hibernateHolder = new ThreadLocal();
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
hibernateHolder.set(getSession());
try {
chain.doFilter(request, response);
} finally {
Session session = (Session) hibernateHolder.get();
if (session != null) {
hibernateHolder.set(null);
try {
session.close();
} catch (HibernateException ex) {
throw new ServletException(ex);
}
}
}
}
}