RSA加密算法是一种非对称加密算法。在公钥加密标准和电子商业中RSA被广泛使用。RSA是1977年由罗纳德•李维斯特(Ron Rivest)、阿迪•萨莫尔(Adi Shamir)和伦纳德•阿德曼(Leonard Adleman)一起提出的。当时他们三人都在麻省理工学院工作。RSA就是他们三人姓氏开头字母拼在一起组成的。.Net的推出,我们能够利用.Net Framework中的类提供的加密服务来保证数据安全。目前应用较为广泛的加密方法是使用RSA算法进行加密。在.Net Framework中与RSA加密算法相关的类主要有两个:RSA 类和RSACryptoServiceProvider 类。按照MSDN的说法RSA 类是“表示 RSA 算法的所有实现均从中继承的基类”,而RSACryptoServiceProvider 类是“使用加密服务提供程序 (CSP) 提供的 RSA 算法的实现执行不对称加密和解密”。另外,“表示 RSA 算法的标准参数”的RSAParameters 结构也是很重要的,它保存了RSA算法的参数。
这里具体讲述一下在C#中如何使用框架提供的RSA算法来对我们的信息加密、签名、验证签名、解密的这个几个步骤的实现
using System.Management;
using Microsoft.Win32;
/// <summary>
/// 生成公私钥
/// </summary>
/// <param name="PrivateKeyPath"></param>
/// <param name="PublicKeyPath"></param>
public void RSAKey( string PrivateKeyPath, string PublicKeyPath)
{
try
{
RSACryptoServiceProvider provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
this .CreatePrivateKeyXML(PrivateKeyPath, provider.ToXmlString( true ));
this .CreatePublicKeyXML(PublicKeyPath, provider.ToXmlString( false ));
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
throw exception;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 对原始数据进行MD5加密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="m_strSource"> 待加密数据 </param>
/// <returns> 返回机密后的数据 </returns>
public string GetHash( string m_strSource)
{
HashAlgorithm algorithm = HashAlgorithm.Create( " MD5 " );
byte [] bytes = Encoding.GetEncoding( " GB2312 " ).GetBytes(m_strSource);
byte [] inArray = algorithm.ComputeHash(bytes);
return Convert.ToBase64String(inArray);
}
/// <summary>
/// RSA加密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xmlPublicKey"> 公钥 </param>
/// <param name="m_strEncryptString"> MD5加密后的数据 </param>
/// <returns> RSA公钥加密后的数据 </returns>
public string RSAEncrypt( string xmlPublicKey, string m_strEncryptString)
{
string str2;
try
{
RSACryptoServiceProvider provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
provider.FromXmlString(xmlPublicKey);
byte [] bytes = new UnicodeEncoding().GetBytes(m_strEncryptString);
str2 = Convert.ToBase64String(provider.Encrypt(bytes, false ));
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
throw exception;
}
return str2;
}
/// <summary>
/// RSA解密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xmlPrivateKey"> 私钥 </param>
/// <param name="m_strDecryptString"> 待解密的数据 </param>
/// <returns> 解密后的结果 </returns>
public string RSADecrypt( string xmlPrivateKey, string m_strDecryptString)
{
string str2;
try
{
RSACryptoServiceProvider provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
provider.FromXmlString(xmlPrivateKey);
byte [] rgb = Convert.FromBase64String(m_strDecryptString);
byte [] buffer2 = provider.Decrypt(rgb, false );
str2 = new UnicodeEncoding().GetString(buffer2);
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
throw exception;
}
return str2;
}
/// <summary>
/// 对MD5加密后的密文进行签名
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p_strKeyPrivate"> 私钥 </param>
/// <param name="m_strHashbyteSignature"> MD5加密后的密文 </param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string SignatureFormatter( string p_strKeyPrivate, string m_strHashbyteSignature)
{
byte [] rgbHash = Convert.FromBase64String(m_strHashbyteSignature);
RSACryptoServiceProvider key = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
key.FromXmlString(p_strKeyPrivate);
RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter formatter = new RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter(key);
formatter.SetHashAlgorithm( " MD5 " );
byte [] inArray = formatter.CreateSignature(rgbHash);
return Convert.ToBase64String(inArray);
}
/// <summary>
/// 签名验证
/// </summary>
/// <param name="p_strKeyPublic"> 公钥 </param>
/// <param name="p_strHashbyteDeformatter"> 待验证的用户名 </param>
/// <param name="p_strDeformatterData"> 注册码 </param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool SignatureDeformatter( string p_strKeyPublic, string p_strHashbyteDeformatter, string p_strDeformatterData)
{
try
{
byte [] rgbHash = Convert.FromBase64String(p_strHashbyteDeformatter);
RSACryptoServiceProvider key = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
key.FromXmlString(p_strKeyPublic);
RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter deformatter = new RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter(key);
deformatter.SetHashAlgorithm( " MD5 " );
byte [] rgbSignature = Convert.FromBase64String(p_strDeformatterData);
if (deformatter.VerifySignature(rgbHash, rgbSignature))
{
return true ;
}
return false ;
}
catch
{
return false ;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取硬盘ID
/// </summary>
/// <returns> 硬盘ID </returns>
public string GetHardID()
{
string HDInfo = "" ;
ManagementClass cimobject1 = new ManagementClass( " Win32_DiskDrive " );
ManagementObjectCollection moc1 = cimobject1.GetInstances();
foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc1)
{
HDInfo = ( string )mo.Properties[ " Model " ].Value;
}
return HDInfo;
}
/// <summary>
/// 读注册表中指定键的值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"> 键名 </param>
/// <returns> 返回键值 </returns>
private string ReadReg( string key)
{
string temp = "" ;
try
{
RegistryKey myKey = Registry.LocalMachine;
RegistryKey subKey = myKey.OpenSubKey( @" SOFTWARE\JX\Register " );
temp = subKey.GetValue(key).ToString();
subKey.Close();
myKey.Close();
return temp;
}
catch (Exception)
{
throw ; // 可能没有此注册项;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建注册表中指定的键和值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"> 键名 </param>
/// <param name="value"> 键值 </param>
private void WriteReg( string key, string value)
{
try
{
RegistryKey rootKey = Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey( @" SOFTWARE\JX\Register " );
rootKey.SetValue(key, value);
rootKey.Close();
}
catch (Exception)
{
throw ;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建公钥文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <param name="publickey"></param>
public void CreatePublicKeyXML( string path, string publickey)
{
try
{
FileStream publickeyxml = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create);
StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(publickeyxml);
sw.WriteLine(publickey);
sw.Close();
publickeyxml.Close();
}
catch
{
throw ;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建私钥文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <param name="privatekey"></param>
public void CreatePrivateKeyXML( string path, string privatekey)
{
try
{
FileStream privatekeyxml = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create);
StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(privatekeyxml);
sw.WriteLine(privatekey);
sw.Close();
privatekeyxml.Close();
}
catch
{
throw ;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取公钥
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string ReadPublicKey( string path)
{
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(path);
string publickey = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();
return publickey;
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取私钥
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string ReadPrivateKey( string path)
{
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(path);
string privatekey = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();
return privatekey;
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化注册表,程序运行时调用,在调用之前更新公钥xml
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"> 公钥路径 </param>
public void InitialReg( string path)
{
Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey( @" SOFTWARE\JX\Register " );
Random ra = new Random();
string publickey = this .ReadPublicKey(path);
if (Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey( @" SOFTWARE\JX\Register " ).ValueCount <= 0 )
{
this .WriteReg( " RegisterRandom " , ra.Next( 1 , 100000 ).ToString());
this .WriteReg( " RegisterPublicKey " , publickey);
}
else
{
this .WriteReg( " RegisterPublicKey " , publickey);
}
}
如果是要对发送的消息进行加密和解密,加密时用公钥,解密时用私钥,即使密文被窃取也无法破解。
如果是要对软件进行注册,生成注册码,则服务端将用户的硬盘号用私钥加密,客户端用公钥解密,解密后将客户端的硬盘号进行MD5加密,将得到的结果和解密后的结果进行比较,如果相同,说明是注册用户,否则为非注册用户。
本文来自CSDN博客,转载请标明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/llwinnner/archive/2009/03/21/4011936.aspx