函数名称 | 说明 | 示例 |
* | 将字符串拷贝N次 | “ha”*4 >> “hahahaha” |
+ << concat | 连接字符串 | “yes” + “no” >> “yesno” "yes" << "no" >> “yesno” "yes".concat("no") |
<=> | 比较字符串,返回值如下: 大于:-1 等于:0 小于:1 | "Ab" <=> "ab" >> -1 "ab" <=> "ab" >> 0 "ab" <=> "Ab" >> 1 |
== 或 === | 判断两个对象是否相等 | "1" == "1" >>true "1" == 1 >>flase |
=~ | 匹配正则表达式 | "abc123abc" =~ /"d/ >> 3 |
[ ] 或 slice | 返回字符串的某一范围内的值 | “abc”[0,2] >> “ab” "hello"[/llo/] >> “llo” “abc” slice [0,2] >> “ab” |
[ ]= | 替换字符串的某一范围内的值 | a = “hello word” a[1,2]= “OO” puts a >>” hOOlo word” |
capitalize capitalize! | 把字符串的首字母大写,其他字母小写 | "hi,Ruby".capitalize >> “Hi,ruby” |
chomp chomp! | 删除字符串后的空白字符 | "string"r"n".chomp >> ” string” |
chop | 删除最后一个字符 | "string".chop >> “strin” |
count | 返回该字符串中含的字符个数 | a = "hello world" a.count "lo" >> 5 (l出现 3次,o出现 2次) |
delete delete! | 删除字符 | "hello".delete "l","lo" » "heo" "hello".delete "lo" » "he" |
downcase downcase! | 将大写字母改写为小写 | "hEllO".downcase » "hello" |
upcase upcase! | 将小写字母改写为大写 | "hEllO".upcase » "HELLO" |
swapcase swapcase! | 将所有的大写字母改为小写字母, 小写字母改为大写字母。 | "Hello".swapcase » "hELLO" |
each | 对字符串中的各行进行迭代操作 | "Hi"nRuby". each { |s| puts s} |
each_byte | 对字符串中的各个字节进行迭代操作 | "Hi"nRuby". each_byte { |s| puts s} |
each_line | 对字符串中的每一行进行迭代操作 | "Hi"nRuby". each_line { |s| puts s} |
empty? | 判断字符串是否为空 | "hello".empty? » false "".empty? » true |
gsub gsub! | 以replace来替换字符串中所有与pattern相匹配的部分 | "hello".gsub(/[aeiou]/, '*') » "h*ll*" |
hash | 返回字符串的哈希值 | "h".hash >> 107 |
include? | 若字符串中包含substr子字符串的话,就返回真 | "hello".include? "lo" » true "hello".include? "ol" » false |
index | 按照从左到右的顺序搜索子字符串,并返回搜索到的子字符串的左侧位置. 若没有搜索到则返回nil | "hello".index('lo') » 3 "hello".index('a') » nil |
length | 返回字符串的字节数 | "hello".length >> 5 |
replace | 替换字符串的内容 | s = "hello" » "hello" s.replace "world" » "world" |
sub 或 sub! | 用replace来替换首次匹配pattern的部分。 | "hello".sub(/[aeiou]/, '*') » "h*llo" |
reverse reverse! | 对字符串进行反转 | "stressed".reverse » "desserts" |
scan | 使用正则表达式re反复对 | a = "cruel world" a.scan(/"w+/) » ["cruel", "world"] a.scan(/.../) » ["cru", "el ", "wor"] |
split | 使用sep指定的pattern来分割字符串,并将分割结果存入数组 | "mellow yellow".split("ello") » ["m", "w y", "w"] |
squeeze squeeze! | 压缩由str所含字符构成的重复字符串 | "yellow moon".squeeze » "yelow mon" " now is the".squeeze(" ") » " now is the" |
strip strip! | 删除头部和尾部的所有空白字符。空白字符是指" "t"r"n"f"v"。 | " hello ".strip » "hello" ""tgoodbye"r"n".strip » "goodbye" |
tr 或tr! | 若字符串中包含search字符串中的字符时,就将其替换为replace字符串中相应的字符 | hello".tr('aeiou', '*') » "h*ll*" "hello".tr('^aeiou', '*') » "*e**o" |
tr_s 或tr_s! | 若字符串中包含search字符串中的字符时,就将其替换为replace字符串中相应的字符。同时,若替换部分中出现重复字符串时,就将其压缩为1个字符 | "hello".tr_s('l', 'r') » "hero" "hello".tr_s('el', '*') » "h*o" "hello".tr_s('el', 'hx') » "hhxo" |
在从 | "a1".upto("a3") {|s| puts s} » a1"na2"na3 | |
to_f | 将字符串转为浮点数 | "45.67 degrees".to_f » 45.67 |
to_i | 将字符串转为整数 | "99 red balloons".to_i » 99 |
to_s | 将字符串转为字符串 |
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转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/sky_online/archive/2008/08/25/1275854.html