【linux】虚拟化

linux虚拟化

实验环境

• 1号虚拟机配置局域网镜像仓库，httpd服务
• 2号虚拟机保证可以使用dnf搜索到1号的镜像仓库

安装虚拟化服务

• 查看是否支持vmx

[root@localhost Desktop]# less /proc/cpuinfo 
/vmx

• dnf查看软件仓库

[root@localhost Desktop]# dnf group list --hidden
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
...........
   Virtualization Client
   Virtualization Hypervisor
   Virtualization Platform
   Virtualization Tools
..........

• 装Virtualization Client和Virtualization Tools

dnf group install "Virtualization Client" "Virtualization Tools

• 打开虚拟化服务

[root@localhost Desktop]# systemctl enable --now libvirtd.service
[root@localhost Desktop]# virt-manager 

安装虚拟机

1. 选中本地镜像
   

2. 设置硬件参数
   
   

3. 特别注意虚拟化硬盘的位置
   

4. 查看虚拟硬件信息

[root@localhost Desktop]# ll /etc/libvirt/qemu
total 0
drwx------. 3 root root 42 Nov 17 08:44 networks

遇到报错

Unable to complete install: 'internal error: process exited while connecting to monitor: 2022-11-17T
..................................

• 内存给小了

效果

虚拟机管理命令

• virt-viewer rh86 ##显示rh86虚拟机
• virt-manager ##打开虚拟机控制器
• virsh list ##列出运行的虚拟机
• virsh list --all ##列出所有虚拟机
• virsh start rh86 ##开启虚拟机
• virsh shutdown rh86 ##正常关闭虚拟机
• virsh destroy rh86 ##断电rh86虚拟机

移植虚拟机

• 传输虚拟硬件

1号虚拟机
[root@localhost ~]# scp /etc/libvirt/qemu/rh86.xml root@192.168.161.198:/var/lib/libvirt/images/
root@192.168.161.198's password: 
rh86.xml                                      100% 5908   739.4KB/s   00:00 

2号虚拟机
[root@localhost ~]# ll /var/lib/libvirt/images/
total 0
[root@localhost ~]# ll /var/lib/libvirt/images/
total 8
-rw-------. 1 root root 5908 Nov 17 18:13 rh86.xml

• 传输硬盘

1号虚拟机
[root@localhost ~]# scp /var/lib/libvirt/images/rh86.qcow2 root@192.168.161.198:/var/lib/libvirt/images/
root@192.168.161.198's password: 
rh86.qcow2                                    100%   20GB  57.1MB/s   05:58 

2号虚拟机
[root@localhost ~]# ll /var/lib/libvirt/images/
total 20974984
-rw-------. 1 root root 21478375424 Nov 17 18:27 rh86.qcow2
-rw-------. 1 root root        5908 Nov 17 18:13 rh86.xml

• 恢复虚拟机

[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/lib/libvirt/images/
[root@localhost images]# ll
total 20974984
-rw-------. 1 root root 21478375424 Nov 17 18:27 rh86.qcow2
-rw-------. 1 root root        5908 Nov 17 18:13 rh86.xml
[root@localhost images]# virsh create rh86.xml  # 一次性的
Domain 'rh86' created from rh86.xml

[root@localhost images]# virsh define rh86.xml  # 永久的
Domain 'rh86' defined from rh86.xml

[root@localhost images]# virsh undefine rh86.xml  # 删除虚拟机（只是删除了索引，虚拟硬盘和虚拟硬件信息都还在）

虚拟机快照

[root@localhost images]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b /var/lib/libvirt/images/rh86.qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/rh86.qcow2.bak -F qcow2
Formatting '/var/lib/libvirt/images/rh86.qcow2.bak', fmt=qcow2 cluster_size=65536 extended_l2=off compression_type=zlib size=21474836480 backing_file=/var/lib/libvirt/images/rh86.qcow2 backing_fmt=qcow2 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
[root@localhost images]# ll /var/lib/libvirt/images/
total 20975180
-rw-------. 1 root root 21478375424 Nov 17 18:46 rh86.qcow2
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      196928 Nov 17 18:53 rh86.qcow2.bak
-rw-------. 1 root root        5908 Nov 17 18:13 rh86.xml
[root@localhost images]# file /var/lib/libvirt/images/rh86.qcow2.bak 
/var/lib/libvirt/images/rh86.qcow2.bak: QEMU QCOW Image (v3), has backing file (path /var/lib/libvirt/images/rh86.qcow2), 21474836480 byte

由快照创建虚拟机

如图