CSerialPort类的功能及成员函数介绍
CSerialPort类是免费提供的串口类，Codeguru是一个非常不错的源代码网站
CSerialPort类支持线连接（非MODEM）的串口编程操作。
CSerialPort类是基于多线程的，其工作流程如下：首先设置好串口参数，再开启串口检测工作线程，串口检测工作线程检测到串口接收到的数据、流控制事件或其他串口事件后，就以消息方式通知主程序，激发消息处理函数来进行数据处理，这是对接受数据而言的，发送数据可直接向串口发送。
CSerialPort类定义的消息如表
| 消息名称 | 消息号 | 功能说明 |
| WM_COMM_BREAK_DETECTED | WM_USER+1 | 检测到输入中断 |
| WM_COMM_CTS_DETECTED | WM_USER+2 | 检测到CTS（清除发送）信号状态改变 |
| WM_COMM_DSR_DETECTED | WM_USER+3 | 检测到DSR（数据设备准备就绪）信号状态改变 |
| WM_COMM_ERR_DETECTED | WM_USER+4 | 发生线状态错误（包括CE_FRAME，CE_OVERRUN，和CE_RXPARITY） |
| WM_COMM_RING_DETECTED | WM_USER+5 | 检测到响铃指示信号 |
| WM_COMM_RLSD_DETECTED | WM_USER+6 | 检测到RLSD（接收线信号）状态改变 |
| WM_COMM_RXCHAR | WM_USER+7 | 接收到一个字符并已放入接受缓冲区 |
| WM_COMM_RXFLAG_DETECTED | WM_USER+8 | 检测到接受到字符（该字符已放入接受缓冲区）事件 |
| WM_COMM_TXEMPTY_DETECTED | WM_USER+9 | 检测到发送缓冲区最后一个字符已经被发送 |
1、串口初始化函数InitPort
BOOL CSerialPort::InitPort(CWnd *pPortOwner, // the owner (CWnd) of the port (receives message) UINT portnr, // portnumber (1..4) UINT baud, // baudrate char parity, // parity UINT databits, // databits UINT stopbits, // stopbits DWORD dwCommEvents, // EV_RXCHAR, EV_CTS etc UINT writebuffersize) // size to the writebuffer { assert(portnr > 0 && portnr < 5); assert(pPortOwner != NULL); // if the thread is alive: Kill if (m_bThreadAlive) { do { SetEvent(m_hShutdownEvent); } while (m_bThreadAlive); TRACE("Thread ended\n"); } // create events if (m_ov.hEvent != NULL) ResetEvent(m_ov.hEvent); m_ov.hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL); if (m_hWriteEvent != NULL) ResetEvent(m_hWriteEvent); m_hWriteEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL); if (m_hShutdownEvent != NULL) ResetEvent(m_hShutdownEvent); m_hShutdownEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL); // initialize the event objects m_hEventArray[0] = m_hShutdownEvent; // highest priority m_hEventArray[1] = m_ov.hEvent; m_hEventArray[2] = m_hWriteEvent; // initialize critical section InitializeCriticalSection(&m_csCommunicationSync); // set buffersize for writing and save the owner m_pOwner = pPortOwner; if (m_szWriteBuffer != NULL) delete [] m_szWriteBuffer; m_szWriteBuffer = new char[writebuffersize]; m_nPortNr = portnr; m_nWriteBufferSize = writebuffersize; m_dwCommEvents = dwCommEvents; BOOL bResult = FALSE; char *szPort = new char[50]; char *szBaud = new char[50]; // now it critical! EnterCriticalSection(&m_csCommunicationSync); // if the port is already opened: close it if (m_hComm != NULL) { CloseHandle(m_hComm); m_hComm = NULL; } // prepare port strings sprintf(szPort, "COM%d", portnr); sprintf(szBaud, "baud=%d parity=%c data=%d stop=%d", baud, parity, databits, stopbits); // get a handle to the port m_hComm = CreateFile(szPort, // communication port string (COMX) GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, // read/write types 0, // comm devices must be opened with exclusive access NULL, // no security attributes OPEN_EXISTING, // comm devices must use OPEN_EXISTING FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, // Async I/O 0); // template must be 0 for comm devices if (m_hComm == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { // port not found delete [] szPort; delete [] szBaud; return FALSE; } // set the timeout values m_CommTimeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 1000; m_CommTimeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 1000; m_CommTimeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 1000; m_CommTimeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 1000; m_CommTimeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 1000; // configure if (SetCommTimeouts(m_hComm, &m_CommTimeouts)) { if (SetCommMask(m_hComm, dwCommEvents)) { if (GetCommState(m_hComm, &m_dcb)) { m_dcb.fRtsControl = RTS_CONTROL_ENABLE; // set RTS bit high! if (BuildCommDCB(szBaud, &m_dcb)) { if (SetCommState(m_hComm, &m_dcb)) ; // normal operation... continue else ProcessErrorMessage("SetCommState()"); } else ProcessErrorMessage("BuildCommDCB()"); } else ProcessErrorMessage("GetCommState()"); } else ProcessErrorMessage("SetCommMask()"); } else ProcessErrorMessage("SetCommTimeouts()"); delete [] szPort; delete [] szBaud; // flush the port PurgeComm(m_hComm, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR | PURGE_RXABORT | PURGE_TXABORT); // release critical section LeaveCriticalSection(&m_csCommunicationSync); TRACE("Initialisation for communicationport %d completed.\nUse Startmonitor to communicate.\n", portnr); return TRUE; }
这个函数是用来初始化串口的，即设置串口的通信参数：需要打开的串口号、波特率、奇偶校验方式、数据位、停止位，这里还可 以用来进行事件的设定。
如果串口初始化成功，就返回TRUE，若串口被其他设备占用、不存在或存在其他股占，就返回FALSE，编程者可以在这儿提示串口操作是否成功。
如果在当前主串口调用这个函数，那么pPortOwner可用this指针表示，串口号在函数中做了限制，只能用1，2，3和4四个串口号，而事实上在编程时可能用到更多串口号，可以通过通过注释掉本函数中的“assert(portur>0&&portnr<5)”语句取消对串口号的限制。
2
、启动串口通信监测线程函数
StartMonitoring
（）
串口初始化成功后，就可以调用BOOL StartMonitoring（）来启动串口检测线程，线程启动成功，发挥TRUE
BOOL CSerialPort::StartMonitoring()
{
if (!(m_Thread = AfxBeginThread(CommThread, this)))
return FALSE;
TRACE("Thread started\n");
return TRUE;
}
3、暂停或停止监测线程函数StopMonitoring（）
该函数暂停或停止串口检测，要注意的是，调用该函数后，串口资源仍然被占用
// Suspend the comm thread
//
BOOL CSerialPort::StopMonitoring()
{
TRACE("Thread suspended\n");
m_Thread->SuspendThread();
return TRUE;
}
4、关闭串口函数ClosePort（）
该函数功能是关闭串口，释放串口资源，调用该函数后，如果要继续使用串口，还需要调用InitPort（）函数
5、通过串口发送字符/写串口函数WriteToPort（）
该函数完成写串口功能，即向串口发送字符。
// Write a string to the port
void CSerialPort::WriteToPort(char *string)
{
assert(m_hComm != 0);
memset(m_szWriteBuffer, 0, sizeof(m_szWriteBuffer));
strcpy(m_szWriteBuffer, string);
// set event for write
SetEvent(m_hWriteEvent);
}
以上是常用的函数介绍，熟悉该类的使用后，可以仔细看看其他函数，对上面介绍的函数，在对串口资源的使用上要记住一下三点：
l 打开串口用调用InitPort（）和StartMonitoring（）；关闭串口用StopMonitoring（）和ClosePort（）而且以上函数的调用顺序不能乱
l 通过串口发送字符调用函数WriteToPort（）
l 接受串口收到的字符需要自己编写WM_COMM_RXCHAR消息处理函数，需要手工添加。
操作：
首先，需要操作一个串口，所以只需要定义1个类对象就可以了，如要操作多个串口，则要为每个串口均定一个类对象，这可以通过数据方式来实现，这里定义的类对象为m_SerialPort，再定义一个布尔变量m_bSerialPortOpened用来标志串口是否打开。
在CserialPort类中有多个串口事件可以响应，在一般串口编程中，只需要处理WM_COMM_RXCHAR消息就可以了，该类所有的消息均需要人工添加消息处理函数，将处理函数名定义为OnComm（），首先在SerialPortTestDlg.h（头文件）中添加串口字符接受消息WM_COMM_RXCHAR（串口接受缓冲区内有一个字符）的响应函数声明：
//Generated message map funnctions
//{{AFX_MSG(CSCportTestView)
afx_msg
long
OnComm(WPARAM ch, LPARAM port);
//}}AFX_MSG
然后在，SerilPortTestDlg.cpp文件中进行WM_COMM_RXCHAR消息映射
BEGIN_MESSAE_MAP(CSerialPortTestDlg, CDialog)s
//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CSerialPortTestDlg)
ON_MESSAGE(WM_COMM_RXCHAR, OnComm)
//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
接着，在
SerialPortTestDlg.cpp文件中加入函数OnComm（）的实现，并在其中完成对节诶受到的字符的处理，将接收到的字符显示在接受编辑框中：
long
CSerialPortTestDlg::OnComm(WPARAM ch, LPARAM port)
{
m_strEditReceiveMsg += ch;
UpdateData(FLASE);
//将接收到的字符显示在接受编辑框中
returne
0
;
}
说明：WPARAM、LPARAM类型是多态数据类型，在WIN32中为32位，支持多种数据类型，根据需要自动适应，这样，程序有很强的适应性，再次，我们可以分贝理解为char和integer类型数据，每当串口接受缓冲区内有一个字符时，就会产生一个WM_COMM_RXCHAR消息，除法OnComm（）函数，这时就可以在函数中进行数据处理，所以，这个消息就是整个程序的源头。
虽然CSerialPort类是一个非常好的类，但毕竟只是集中了作者一个人的智慧和经验，他也有许多缺陷，
n 原类只能发送字符（ASCII文本）不能处理二进制发送（也就是不能发送0X00）
n 该类不能很好的释放串口
n 存在内存泄漏
可以进行如下改进
改进一、ASCII文本和二进制数据发送方式兼容
CSerialPort类中只有一个发送函数WriteToPort（）
//
// Write a string to the port
//
void
CSerialPort::WriteToPort(
char
*string)
{
assert(m_hComm !=
0
);
memset(m_szWriteBuffer,
0
,
sizeof
(m_szWriteBuffer));
strcpy(m_szWriteBuffer, string);
// set event for write
SetEvent(m_hWriteEvent);
}
调用上面的函数就只能用字符串方式，而
c语言中，空字符（NULL，其中ASCII码值为0，即通常所说的十六禁止0x00字符），是串结束符，当检测到NULL字符后，就认为该字符串结束了，所以0x00字符以ASCII文本方式是不能从串口发送出去的，那么解决这一问题的方法就是用二进制发送，其实这里说的二进制，只不过是不以我们通常所说的“可见”或“能显示的字符”发送，比如，要发如下的一组值：
char chSend[5]={0x33,0x96,0x00,0x31,0xf1};
下面来对类做一些改进，解决这个问题，原理就是用字符数据来发送数据，并在发送时指定其长度，这样，数据没有发送完，发送过程就不会停止，CSerialPort类是用API函数编写的在，只要在WriteFile()函数中指定其实际要发送的长度，就可以将数据全部发送出去：
实现步骤如下：
1、在SerialPort.h文件中为CSerialPort类添加一个整形public成员变量，：int m_nWriteSize；用于指定发送字符数据的长度
添加三个发送函数
h文件：#ifndef __SERIALPORT_H__
#define __SERIALPORT_H__
#define WM_COMM_BREAK_DETECTED WM_USER+1 // A break was detected on input.
#define WM_COMM_CTS_DETECTED WM_USER+2 // The CTS (clear-to-send) signal changed state.
#define WM_COMM_DSR_DETECTED WM_USER+3 // The DSR (data-set-ready) signal changed state.
#define WM_COMM_ERR_DETECTED WM_USER+4 // A line-status error occurred. Line-status errors are CE_FRAME, CE_OVERRUN, and CE_RXPARITY.
#define WM_COMM_RING_DETECTED WM_USER+5 // A ring indicator was detected.
#define WM_COMM_RLSD_DETECTED WM_USER+6 // The RLSD (receive-line-signal-detect) signal changed state.
#define WM_COMM_RXCHAR WM_USER+7 // A character was received and placed in the input buffer.
#define WM_COMM_RXFLAG_DETECTED WM_USER+8 // The event character was received and placed in the input buffer.
#define WM_COMM_TXEMPTY_DETECTED WM_USER+9 // The last character in the output buffer was sent.
class CSerialPort
{
public:
void ClosePort();
void WriteToPort(LPCTSTR string, int n);
void WriteToPort(LPCTSTR string);
void WriteToPort(char *string, int n);
CSerialPort();
virtual ~CSerialPort();
BOOL InitPort(CWnd *pPortOwner, // the owner (CWnd) of the port (receives message)
UINT portnr, // portnumber (1..4)
UINT baud, // baudrate
char parity, // parity
UINT databits, // databits
UINT stopbits, // stopbits
DWORD dwCommEvents, // EV_RXCHAR, EV_CTS etc
UINT writebuffersize); // size to the writebuffer
BOOL StartMonitoring();
BOOL RestartMonitoring();
BOOL StopMonitoring();
DWORD GetWriteBufferSize();
DWORD GetCommEvents();
DCB GetDCB();
void WriteToPort(char *string);
int m_nWriteSize;
protected:
// protected memberfunctions
void ProcessErrorMessage(char *ErrorText);
static UINT CommThread(LPVOID pParam);
static void ReceiveChar(CSerialPort *port, COMSTAT comstat);
static void WriteChar(CSerialPort *port);
// thread
CWinThread *m_Thread;
// synchronisation objects
CRITICAL_SECTION m_csCommunicationSync;
BOOL m_bThreadAlive;
// handles
HANDLE m_hShutdownEvent;
HANDLE m_hComm;
HANDLE m_hWriteEvent;
// Event array.
// One element is used for each event. There are two event handles for each port.
// A Write event and a receive character event which is located in the overlapped structure (m_ov.hEvent).
// There is a general shutdown when the port is closed.
HANDLE m_hEventArray[3];
// structures
OVERLAPPED m_ov;
COMMTIMEOUTS m_CommTimeouts;
DCB m_dcb;
// owner window
CWnd *m_pOwner;
// misc
UINT m_nPortNr;
char *m_szWriteBuffer;
DWORD m_dwCommEvents;
DWORD m_nWriteBufferSize;
};
#endif __SERIALPORT_H__ cpp文件：
CSerialPort.cpp
/*
** FILENAME CSerialPort.cpp
**
** PURPOSE This class can read, write and watch one serial port.
** It sends messages to its owner when something happends on the port
** The class creates a thread for reading and writing so the main
** program is not blocked.
**
** CREATION DATE 15-09-1997
** LAST MODIFICATION 12-11-1997
**
** AUTHOR Remon Spekreijse
**
**
*/
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "CSerialPort.h"
#include <assert.h>
//
// Constructor
//
CSerialPort::CSerialPort()
{
m_hComm = NULL;
// initialize overlapped structure members to zero
m_ov.Offset = 0;
m_ov.OffsetHigh = 0;
// create events
m_ov.hEvent = NULL;
m_hWriteEvent = NULL;
m_hShutdownEvent = NULL;
m_szWriteBuffer = NULL;
m_bThreadAlive = FALSE;
m_nWriteSize = 0;
}
//
// Delete dynamic memory
//
CSerialPort::~CSerialPort()
{
do
{
SetEvent(m_hShutdownEvent);
}
while (m_bThreadAlive);
TRACE("Thread ended\n");
delete [] m_szWriteBuffer;
}
//
// Initialize the port. This can be port 1 to 4.
//
BOOL CSerialPort::InitPort(CWnd *pPortOwner, // the owner (CWnd) of the port (receives message)
UINT portnr, // portnumber (1..4)
UINT baud, // baudrate
char parity, // parity
UINT databits, // databits
UINT stopbits, // stopbits
DWORD dwCommEvents, // EV_RXCHAR, EV_CTS etc
UINT writebuffersize) // size to the writebuffer
{
assert(portnr > 0 && portnr < 5);
assert(pPortOwner != NULL);
// if the thread is alive: Kill
if (m_bThreadAlive)
{
do
{
SetEvent(m_hShutdownEvent);
}
while (m_bThreadAlive);
TRACE("Thread ended\n");
}
// create events
if (m_ov.hEvent != NULL)
ResetEvent(m_ov.hEvent);
else
m_ov.hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
if (m_hWriteEvent != NULL)
ResetEvent(m_hWriteEvent);
else
m_hWriteEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
if (m_hShutdownEvent != NULL)
ResetEvent(m_hShutdownEvent);
else
m_hShutdownEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
// initialize the event objects
m_hEventArray[0] = m_hShutdownEvent; // highest priority
m_hEventArray[1] = m_ov.hEvent;
m_hEventArray[2] = m_hWriteEvent;
// initialize critical section
InitializeCriticalSection(&m_csCommunicationSync);
// set buffersize for writing and save the owner
m_pOwner = pPortOwner;
if (m_szWriteBuffer != NULL)
delete [] m_szWriteBuffer;
m_szWriteBuffer = new char[writebuffersize];
m_nPortNr = portnr;
m_nWriteBufferSize = writebuffersize;
m_dwCommEvents = dwCommEvents;
BOOL bResult = FALSE;
char *szPort = new char[50];
char *szBaud = new char[50];
// now it critical!
EnterCriticalSection(&m_csCommunicationSync);
// if the port is already opened: close it
if (m_hComm != NULL)
{
CloseHandle(m_hComm);
m_hComm = NULL;
}
// prepare port strings
sprintf(szPort, "COM%d", portnr);
sprintf(szBaud, "baud=%d parity=%c data=%d stop=%d", baud, parity, databits, stopbits);
// get a handle to the port
m_hComm = CreateFile(szPort, // communication port string (COMX)
GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, // read/write types
0, // comm devices must be opened with exclusive access
NULL, // no security attributes
OPEN_EXISTING, // comm devices must use OPEN_EXISTING
FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, // Async I/O
0); // template must be 0 for comm devices
if (m_hComm == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
// port not found
delete [] szPort;
delete [] szBaud;
return FALSE;
}
// set the timeout values
m_CommTimeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 1000;
m_CommTimeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 1000;
m_CommTimeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 1000;
m_CommTimeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 1000;
m_CommTimeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 1000;
// configure
if (SetCommTimeouts(m_hComm, &m_CommTimeouts))
{
if (SetCommMask(m_hComm, dwCommEvents))
{
if (GetCommState(m_hComm, &m_dcb))
{
m_dcb.fRtsControl = RTS_CONTROL_ENABLE; // set RTS bit high!
if (BuildCommDCB(szBaud, &m_dcb))
{
if (SetCommState(m_hComm, &m_dcb))
; // normal operation... continue
else
ProcessErrorMessage("SetCommState()");
}
else
ProcessErrorMessage("BuildCommDCB()");
}
else
ProcessErrorMessage("GetCommState()");
}
else
ProcessErrorMessage("SetCommMask()");
}
else
ProcessErrorMessage("SetCommTimeouts()");
delete [] szPort;
delete [] szBaud;
// flush the port
PurgeComm(m_hComm, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR | PURGE_RXABORT | PURGE_TXABORT);
// release critical section
LeaveCriticalSection(&m_csCommunicationSync);
TRACE("Initialisation for communicationport %d completed.\nUse Startmonitor to communicate.\n", portnr);
return TRUE;
}
//
// The CommThread Function.
//
UINT CSerialPort::CommThread(LPVOID pParam)
{
// Cast the void pointer passed to the thread back to
// a pointer of CSerialPort class
CSerialPort *port = (CSerialPort *)pParam;
// Set the status variable in the dialog class to
// TRUE to indicate the thread is running.
port->m_bThreadAlive = TRUE;
// Misc. variables
DWORD BytesTransfered = 0;
DWORD Event = 0;
DWORD CommEvent = 0;
DWORD dwError = 0;
COMSTAT comstat;
BOOL bResult = TRUE;
// Clear comm buffers at startup
if (port->m_hComm) // check if the port is opened
PurgeComm(port->m_hComm, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR | PURGE_RXABORT | PURGE_TXABORT);
// begin forever loop. This loop will run as long as the thread is alive.
for (;;)
{
// Make a call to WaitCommEvent(). This call will return immediatly
// because our port was created as an async port (FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED
// and an m_OverlappedStructerlapped structure specified). This call will cause the
// m_OverlappedStructerlapped element m_OverlappedStruct.hEvent, which is part of the m_hEventArray to
// be placed in a non-signeled state if there are no bytes available to be read,
// or to a signeled state if there are bytes available. If this event handle
// is set to the non-signeled state, it will be set to signeled when a
// character arrives at the port.
// we do this for each port!
bResult = WaitCommEvent(port->m_hComm, &Event, &port->m_ov);
if (!bResult)
{
// If WaitCommEvent() returns FALSE, process the last error to determin
// the reason..
switch (dwError = GetLastError())
{
case ERROR_IO_PENDING:
{
// This is a normal return value if there are no bytes
// to read at the port.
// Do nothing and continue
break;
}
case 87:
{
// Under Windows NT, this value is returned for some reason.
// I have not investigated why, but it is also a valid reply
// Also do nothing and continue.
break;
}
default:
{
// All other error codes indicate a serious error has
// occured. Process this error.
port->ProcessErrorMessage("WaitCommEvent()");
break;
}
}
}
else
{
// If WaitCommEvent() returns TRUE, check to be sure there are
// actually bytes in the buffer to read.
//
// If you are reading more than one byte at a time from the buffer
// (which this program does not do) you will have the situation occur
// where the first byte to arrive will cause the WaitForMultipleObjects()
// function to stop waiting. The WaitForMultipleObjects() function
// resets the event handle in m_OverlappedStruct.hEvent to the non-signelead state
// as it returns.
//
// If in the time between the reset of this event and the call to
// ReadFile() more bytes arrive, the m_OverlappedStruct.hEvent handle will be set again
// to the signeled state. When the call to ReadFile() occurs, it will
// read all of the bytes from the buffer, and the program will
// loop back around to WaitCommEvent().
//
// At this point you will be in the situation where m_OverlappedStruct.hEvent is set,
// but there are no bytes available to read. If you proceed and call
// ReadFile(), it will return immediatly due to the async port setup, but
// GetOverlappedResults() will not return until the next character arrives.
//
// It is not desirable for the GetOverlappedResults() function to be in
// this state. The thread shutdown event (event 0) and the WriteFile()
// event (Event2) will not work if the thread is blocked by GetOverlappedResults().
//
// The solution to this is to check the buffer with a call to ClearCommError().
// This call will reset the event handle, and if there are no bytes to read
// we can loop back through WaitCommEvent() again, then proceed.
// If there are really bytes to read, do nothing and proceed.
bResult = ClearCommError(port->m_hComm, &dwError, &comstat);
if (comstat.cbInQue == 0)
continue;
} // end if bResult
// Main wait function. This function will normally block the thread
// until one of nine events occur that require action.
Event = WaitForMultipleObjects(3, port->m_hEventArray, FALSE, INFINITE);
switch (Event)
{
case 0:
{
// Shutdown event. This is event zero so it will be
// the higest priority and be serviced first.
port->m_bThreadAlive = FALSE;
// Kill this thread. break is not needed, but makes me feel better.
AfxEndThread(100);
break;
}
case 1: // read event
{
GetCommMask(port->m_hComm, &CommEvent);
if (CommEvent & EV_CTS)
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner->m_hWnd, WM_COMM_CTS_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
if (CommEvent & EV_RXFLAG)
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner->m_hWnd, WM_COMM_RXFLAG_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
if (CommEvent & EV_BREAK)
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner->m_hWnd, WM_COMM_BREAK_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
if (CommEvent & EV_ERR)
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner->m_hWnd, WM_COMM_ERR_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
if (CommEvent & EV_RING)
::SendMessage(port->m_pOwner->m_hWnd, WM_COMM_RING_DETECTED, (WPARAM) 0, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
if (CommEvent & EV_RXCHAR)
// Receive character event from port.
ReceiveChar(port, comstat);
break;
}
case 2: // write event
{
// Write character event from port
WriteChar(port);
break;
}
} // end switch
} // close forever loop
return 0;
}
//
// start comm watching
//
BOOL CSerialPort::StartMonitoring()
{
if (!(m_Thread = AfxBeginThread(CommThread, this)))
return FALSE;
TRACE("Thread started\n");
return TRUE;
}
//
// Restart the comm thread
//
BOOL CSerialPort::RestartMonitoring()
{
TRACE("Thread resumed\n");
m_Thread->ResumeThread();
return TRUE;
}
//
// Suspend the comm thread
//
BOOL CSerialPort::StopMonitoring()
{
TRACE("Thread suspended\n");
m_Thread->SuspendThread();
return TRUE;
}
//
// If there is a error, give the right message
//
void CSerialPort::ProcessErrorMessage(char *ErrorText)
{
char *Temp = new char[200];
LPVOID lpMsgBuf;
FormatMessage(
FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,
NULL,
GetLastError(),
MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), // Default language
(LPTSTR) &lpMsgBuf,
0,
NULL
);
sprintf(Temp, "WARNING: %s Failed with the following error: \n%s\nPort: %d\n", (char *)ErrorText, lpMsgBuf, m_nPortNr);
MessageBox(NULL, Temp, "Application Error", MB_ICONSTOP);
LocalFree(lpMsgBuf);
delete[] Temp;
}
//
// Write a character.
//
void CSerialPort::WriteChar(CSerialPort *port)
{
BOOL bWrite = TRUE;
BOOL bResult = TRUE;
DWORD BytesSent = 0;
ResetEvent(port->m_hWriteEvent);
// Gain ownership of the critical section
EnterCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);
if (bWrite)
{
// Initailize variables
port->m_ov.Offset = 0;
port->m_ov.OffsetHigh = 0;
// Clear buffer
PurgeComm(port->m_hComm, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR | PURGE_RXABORT | PURGE_TXABORT);
bResult = WriteFile(port->m_hComm, // Handle to COMM Port
port->m_szWriteBuffer, // Pointer to message buffer in calling finction
//原句 strlen((char*)port->m_szWriteBuffer), // Length of message to send
port->m_nWriteSize,//更改后，Length of message to send
&BytesSent, // Where to store the number of bytes sent
&port->m_ov); // Overlapped structure
// deal with any error codes
if (!bResult)
{
DWORD dwError = GetLastError();
switch (dwError)
{
case ERROR_IO_PENDING:
{
// continue to GetOverlappedResults()
BytesSent = 0;
bWrite = FALSE;
break;
}
default:
{
// all other error codes
port->ProcessErrorMessage("WriteFile()");
}
}
}
else
{
LeaveCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);
}
} // end if(bWrite)
if (!bWrite)
{
bWrite = TRUE;
bResult = GetOverlappedResult(port->m_hComm, // Handle to COMM port
&port->m_ov, // Overlapped structure
&BytesSent, // Stores number of bytes sent
TRUE); // Wait flag
LeaveCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);
// deal with the error code
if (!bResult)
{
port->ProcessErrorMessage("GetOverlappedResults() in WriteFile()");
}
} // end if (!bWrite)
// Verify that the data size send equals what we tried to send
//原句 if (BytesSent != strlen((char*)port->m_szWriteBuffer))
if(BytesSent |= port->m_nWriteSize) //修改后，Length of message to send
{
TRACE("WARNING: WriteFile() error.. Bytes Sent: %d; Message Length: %d\n", BytesSent, strlen((char *)port->m_szWriteBuffer));
}
}
//
// Character received. Inform the owner
//
void CSerialPort::ReceiveChar(CSerialPort *port, COMSTAT comstat)
{
BOOL bRead = TRUE;
BOOL bResult = TRUE;
DWORD dwError = 0;
DWORD BytesRead = 0;
unsigned char RXBuff;
for (;;)
{
// Gain ownership of the comm port critical section.
// This process guarantees no other part of this program
// is using the port object.
//添加信息 防止死锁
if(WaitForSingleObject(port->m_hShutdownEvent, 0) == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
return ;
EnterCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);
// ClearCommError() will update the COMSTAT structure and
// clear any other errors.
bResult = ClearCommError(port->m_hComm, &dwError, &comstat);
LeaveCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);
// start forever loop. I use this type of loop because I
// do not know at runtime how many loops this will have to
// run. My solution is to start a forever loop and to
// break out of it when I have processed all of the
// data available. Be careful with this approach and
// be sure your loop will exit.
// My reasons for this are not as clear in this sample
// as it is in my production code, but I have found this
// solutiion to be the most efficient way to do this.
if (comstat.cbInQue == 0)
{
// break out when all bytes have been read
break;
}
EnterCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);
if (bRead)
{
bResult = ReadFile(port->m_hComm, // Handle to COMM port
&RXBuff, // RX Buffer Pointer
1, // Read one byte
&BytesRead, // Stores number of bytes read
&port->m_ov); // pointer to the m_ov structure
// deal with the error code
if (!bResult)
{
switch (dwError = GetLastError())
{
case ERROR_IO_PENDING:
{
// asynchronous i/o is still in progress
// Proceed on to GetOverlappedResults();
bRead = FALSE;
break;
}
default:
{
// Another error has occured. Process this error.
port->ProcessErrorMessage("ReadFile()");
break;
}
}
}
else
{
// ReadFile() returned complete. It is not necessary to call GetOverlappedResults()
bRead = TRUE;
}
} // close if (bRead)
if (!bRead)
{
bRead = TRUE;
bResult = GetOverlappedResult(port->m_hComm, // Handle to COMM port
&port->m_ov, // Overlapped structure
&BytesRead, // Stores number of bytes read
TRUE); // Wait flag
// deal with the error code
if (!bResult)
{
port->ProcessErrorMessage("GetOverlappedResults() in ReadFile()");
}
} // close if (!bRead)
LeaveCriticalSection(&port->m_csCommunicationSync);
// notify parent that a byte was received
::SendMessage((port->m_pOwner)->m_hWnd, WM_COMM_RXCHAR, (WPARAM) RXBuff, (LPARAM) port->m_nPortNr);
} // end forever loop
}
//
// Write a string to the port
//
void CSerialPort::WriteToPort(char *string)
{
assert(m_hComm != 0);
memset(m_szWriteBuffer, 0, sizeof(m_szWriteBuffer));
strcpy(m_szWriteBuffer, string);
m_nWriteSize = strlen(string);
// set event for write
SetEvent(m_hWriteEvent);
}
//
// Return the device control block
//
DCB CSerialPort::GetDCB()
{
return m_dcb;
}
//
// Return the communication event masks
//
DWORD CSerialPort::GetCommEvents()
{
return m_dwCommEvents;
}
//
// Return the output buffer size
//
DWORD CSerialPort::GetWriteBufferSize()
{
return m_nWriteBufferSize;
}
void CSerialPort::WriteToPort(char *string, int n)
{
assert(m_hComm != 0);
memset(m_szWriteBuffer, 0, sizeof(m_szWriteBuffer));
memcpy(m_szWriteBuffer, string, n);
m_nWriteSize = n;
//set event for write
SetEvent(m_hWriteEvent);
}
void CSerialPort::WriteToPort(LPCTSTR string)
{
assert(m_hComm != 0);
memset(m_szWriteBuffer, 0, sizeof(m_szWriteBuffer));
strcpy(m_szWriteBuffer, string);
m_nWriteSize = strlen(string);
//set event for write
SetEvent(m_hWriteEvent);
}
void CSerialPort::WriteToPort(LPCTSTR string, int n)
{
assert(m_hComm != 0);
memset(m_szWriteBuffer, 0, sizeof(m_szWriteBuffer));
memcpy(m_szWriteBuffer, string, n);
m_nWriteSize = n;
//set event for write
SetEvent(m_hWriteEvent);
}
void CSerialPort::ClosePort()
{
if (m_bThreadAlive)
{
MSG message;
while (m_bThreadAlive)
{
if(::PeekMessage(&message, m_pOwner->m_hWnd, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
::TranslateMessage(&message);
::DispatchMessage(&message);
}
SetEvent(m_hShutdownEvent);
}
TRACE("Thread ended\n");
}
if(m_szWriteBuffer != NULL)
{
delete [] m_szWriteBuffer;
m_szWriteBuffer = NULL;
}
if(m_hComm)
{
CloseHandle(m_hComm);
m_hComm = NULL;
}
} CSerialPort类编写程序会遇到的问题
原文地址：使用CSerialPort类编写串口通信程序的问题
作者：
阿杜
CSerialPort是一个很好的串口通讯类，但它没有关闭串口的方法，如果对这个类的实现原理不了解，自行编写串口关闭方法可能会带来如下问题：
void CSerialPort::ClosePort()
{
// if the thread is alive: Kill
if (m_bThreadAlive)
{
}
if(m_szWriteBuffer != NULL)
{
}
if(m_hComm)
{
}
}
这个程序在某些应用中可能会导致程序锁死，比如要将连续、大量接收到的数据进行实时显示或存盘时会发生这种情况，原因是：串口通信线程每接收到一个字符，都要用sendmessage通知主线程，而sendmail是阻塞式的，如果此时主线程正在关闭串口，会用do...while循环连续向串口通信线程，直到串口通信线程中止为止，这个过程也是阻塞式的，此时主线程在不断判断串口通信线程是否中止，通信线程发来的sendmessage消息进行处理，而通信线程则在等待sendmessage的返回，不会对主线程发来的中止信号进行处理，从而导致死锁，进入漫长的超时等待状态。由于消息处理及存盘、实时显示等过程比较耗时，在对连续、大量接收到的数据进行此类操作时极易导致锁死情况，导致这种情况的根本原因是sendmessage不是异步的。
了解导致错误的原因，就可以采取针对性的措施进行避免，比如用postmessage替代sendmessage(可能会导致数据丢失)，不使用do...while循环。
将上面的ClosePort函数修改成以下形式：
void CSerialPort::ClosePort()
{
// if the thread is alive: Kill
if (m_bThreadAlive)
{
}
if(m_szWriteBuffer != NULL)
{
}
if(m_hComm)
{
}
}
同时在ReceiveChar中加入对线程结束事件的判断：
void CSerialPort::ReceiveChar(CSerialPort* port, COMSTAT comstat)
{
BOOL bRead = TRUE;
.......
for (;;)
{
if(WaitForSingleObject(port->m_hShutdownEvent,0)==WAIT_OBJECT_0)
......
}
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