JNA、JNI、原生C++函数调用效率及测试过程

结论

1. 如果JAVA要高效调用C++函数，则需要通过JNI封装C++函数后进行native方法调用，JNI的执行效率比JNA高600倍左右。
2. 从开发效率上来说，JNA开发速度比JNI快许多，因为不需要做二次封装

测试对比

纯C++调用：
Function call took 6700 ns => 0.0067ms

JAVA JNI调用：
Time taken to get version: 515801 ns => 0.515ms

JAVA JNA调用：
Time taken to get version: 333768699 ns => 333.76786ms

原生C++调用验证

1.Visual Studio配置头文件及lib库文件的路径


2.添加附加依赖库

3.调用函数计算时长

#include <iostream>
#include <chrono>
#include <iomanip> 
#include "AlgInterface.h"
using namespace std::chrono;

int main()
{
        high_resolution_clock::time_point start = high_resolution_clock::now();
        int version[4] = { 0 };
        GetAlgVersion(version);
        // 结束时间点
        high_resolution_clock::time_point end = high_resolution_clock::now();
        // 计算耗时
        std::chrono::nanoseconds duration = end - start;

        // 打印结果和耗时
        std::cout << "Function call took " << duration.count() << "ns\n";
        std::string versionStr = std::to_string(version[0]) + "." + std::to_string(version[1]) + "." + std::to_string(version[2]) + "." + std::to_string(version[3]);
        std::cout << versionStr << "\n";
        return 0;
}

JAVA JNI调用

1.定义JNI方法

public class EcgJniLib {
    public static native String getVersion(int[] version);
}

2.生成.h头文件，用于包装C++方法
可以简单写个BAT在需要生成JNI的同级目录

> javac D:\WorkSpace\jni\EcgJniLib.java
> javac -h D:\WorkSpace\jni\ D:\WorkSpace\jni\EcgJniLib.java

此时会生成.h文件

/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
#include <jni.h>
/* Header for class com_cloud_ecgstats_jni_EcgJniLib */

#ifndef _Included_com_cloud_ecgstats_jni_EcgJniLib
#define _Included_com_cloud_ecgstats_jni_EcgJniLib
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*
 * Class:     com_cloud_ecgstats_jni_EcgJniLib
 * Method:    getVersion
 * Signature: ([I)Ljava/lang/String;
 */
JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_com_cloud_ecgstats_jni_EcgJniLib_getVersion
  (JNIEnv *, jclass, jintArray);

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif

3.通过Clion封装C++函数
创建动态库

拷贝.h文件，并创建cpp文件

配置cmakelist文件

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.17)
project(jniWrapper)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)

#定义头文件需要寻址的路径
include_directories(
        "C:\\EcgAlgo"
        "D:\\Library\\jdk-11.0.15\\include"
        "D:\\Library\\jdk-11.0.15\\include\\win32"
)
#定义库文件需要寻址的路径
link_directories(
        "C:\\EcgAlgo"
)

add_library(jniWrapper SHARED library.cpp com_cloud_ecgstats_jni_EcgJniLib.cpp)
target_link_libraries(jniWrapper
        AlgInterface
)

4.封装执行函数

#include <AlgInterface.h>
#include "com_cloud_ecgstats_jni_EcgJniLib.h"


JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_com_cloud_ecgstats_jni_EcgJniLib_getVersion(JNIEnv* env, jclass, jintArray)
{
    int version[4];
    GetAlgVersion(version);
    std::string versionStr;

    versionStr = std::to_string(version[0]) + "." + std::to_string(version[1]) + "." + std::to_string(version[2]) + "." + std::to_string(version[3]);
    jstring jstr = env->NewStringUTF(versionStr.c_str());
    return jstr;
}

5.构建项目，会生成DLL

6.将生成的DLL及依赖的算法DLL复制到jdk/bin目录下

7.java调用JNI函数执行DLL方法

package com.cloud.ecgstats.jni;

import org.springframework.util.StopWatch;

public class EcgJniLibInstance {
    static {
        System.loadLibrary("jniWrapper");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(System.getProperty("java.library.path"));

        StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
        stopWatch.start();

        int[] status = new int[4];
        String version = EcgJniLib.getVersion(status);

        stopWatch.stop();
        System.out.println("Time taken to get version: " + (stopWatch.getTotalTimeNanos()) + "ns");
        System.out.println(version);
    }
}

JAVA JNA调用

1.构建DLL Library

package com.cloud.ecgstats.jna;

import com.sun.jna.Library;
import com.sun.jna.Native;
import com.sun.jna.Platform;

public interface EcgLibrary extends Library {
    EcgLibrary INSTANCE = Native.load(Platform.isWindows() ? "C:\\AlgInterface.dll" : "/usr/lib/libG.so", EcgLibrary.class);


    void GetAlgVersion(int[] data);
}

2.调用

package com.cloud.ecgstats.jna;

import org.springframework.util.StopWatch;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class EcgLibraryInstance {
    public void getVersion(){
        int[] status = new int[4];
        StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
        stopWatch.start();

        EcgLibrary.INSTANCE.GetAlgVersion(status);

        stopWatch.stop();
        System.out.println("Time taken to get version: " + (stopWatch.getTotalTimeNanos() ) + "ns");
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(status));
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EcgLibraryInstance ecgLibraryInstance = new EcgLibraryInstance();
        ecgLibraryInstance.getVersion();
    }
}