编程式事务管理方法允许你在源代码编程的方式下管理事务。虽然带来了极大地灵活性,但是它很难维护。
实践前提:
1、在MySql新建Student,Marks两张表,脚本如下:
CREATE TABLE Student( ID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, AGE INT NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (ID) );
CREATE TABLE Marks( SID INT NOT NULL, MARKS INT NOT NULL, YEAR INT NOT NULL );
2、增加mysql-connector-java.jar包,POM配置如下:
<!-- mysql-connector-java --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.38</version> </dependency>
3、原理:
使用PlatformTransactionManager来实现编程式方法实现事务。要开始一个新事务,需要有一个带有适当的transaction属性的TransactionDefinition的实例。这里,我们使用默认的transaction属性创建DefaultTransactionDefinition的一个实例。当TransactionDefinition创建后,可以通过调用getTransaction()方法来开始事务,该方法会返回TransactionStatus的一个实例。TransactionStatus对象帮助追踪当前的事务状态,并且最终,如果一切运行顺利,你可以使用PlatformTransactionManager的commit()方法来提交这个事务,否则的话,你可以使用rollback()方法来回滚整个操作。
例子:
pom.xml:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.jsoft.testspring</groupId> <artifactId>testtx</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>testtx</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- Spring Core --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring Context --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring JDBC --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring Transaction --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-tx --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql-connector-java --> <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.38</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
StudentMarks.java:
package com.jsoft.testspring.testtx; public class StudentMarks { private Integer age; private String name; private Integer id; private Integer marks; private Integer year; private Integer sid; public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setMarks(Integer marks) { this.marks = marks; } public Integer getMarks() { return marks; } public void setYear(Integer year) { this.year = year; } public Integer getYear() { return year; } public void setSid(Integer sid) { this.sid = sid; } public Integer getSid() { return sid; } }
StudentMarksMapper.java:
package com.jsoft.testspring.testtx; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; public class StudentMarksMapper implements RowMapper<StudentMarks> { @Override public StudentMarks mapRow(ResultSet rs, int arg1) throws SQLException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub StudentMarks student = new StudentMarks(); student.setId(rs.getInt("id")); student.setName(rs.getString("name")); student.setAge(rs.getInt("age")); student.setSid(rs.getInt("sid")); student.setMarks(rs.getInt("marks")); student.setYear(rs.getInt("year")); return student; } }
StudentDAO.java:
package com.jsoft.testspring.testtx; import java.util.List; import javax.sql.DataSource; import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager; public interface StudentDAO { public void setDataSource(DataSource ds); public void setTransactionManager(PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager); public void create(String name, Integer age, Integer marks, Integer year); public StudentMarks getStudent(Integer id); public List<StudentMarks> listStudents(); public void delete(Integer id); public void update(Integer id, String name, Integer age, Integer marks, Integer year); }
StudentJDBCTemplate.java:
package com.jsoft.testspring.testtx; import java.util.List; import javax.sql.DataSource; import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager; import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition; import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus; import org.springframework.transaction.support.DefaultTransactionDefinition; public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO { private DataSource dataSource; private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject; private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager; @Override public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) { this.dataSource = dataSource; this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource); } @Override public void setTransactionManager(PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager) { this.transactionManager = transactionManager; } @Override public void create(String name, Integer age, Integer marks, Integer year) { TransactionDefinition def = new DefaultTransactionDefinition(); TransactionStatus status = transactionManager.getTransaction(def); try { String SQL1 = "insert into Student (name, age) values (?, ?)"; jdbcTemplateObject.update( SQL1, name, age); String SQL2 = "select max(id) from Student"; int sid = jdbcTemplateObject.queryForInt( SQL2 ); String SQL3 = "insert into Marks(sid, marks, year) values (?, ?, ?)"; jdbcTemplateObject.update( SQL3, sid, marks, year); System.out.println("Created Name = " + name + ", Age = " + age); transactionManager.commit(status); } catch (DataAccessException e) { System.out.println("Error in creating record, rolling back"); transactionManager.rollback(status); throw e; } return; } @Override public StudentMarks getStudent(Integer id) { String SQL = "select * from Student,Marks where id = ? and Student.id=Marks.sid"; StudentMarks student = jdbcTemplateObject.queryForObject(SQL, new Object[] { id }, new StudentMarksMapper()); return student; } @Override public List<StudentMarks> listStudents() { String SQL = "select * from Student,Marks where Student.id = Marks.sid"; List<StudentMarks> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL, new StudentMarksMapper()); return students; } @Override public void delete(Integer id) { TransactionDefinition def = new DefaultTransactionDefinition(); TransactionStatus status = transactionManager.getTransaction(def); try { String SQL1 = "delete from Student where id = ?"; jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL1, id); System.out.println("Deleted Record with ID = " + id); String SQL2 = "delete from Marks where sid = ?"; jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL2, id); System.out.println("Deleted Record with SID = " + id); transactionManager.commit(status); } catch (DataAccessException e) { System.out.println("Error in creating record, rolling back"); transactionManager.rollback(status); throw e; } return; } @Override public void update(Integer id, String name, Integer age, Integer marks, Integer year) { TransactionDefinition def = new DefaultTransactionDefinition(); TransactionStatus status = transactionManager.getTransaction(def); try { String SQL1 = "update Student set age = ?,name = ? where id = ?"; jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL1, age,name, id); System.out.println("Updated Record with ID = " + id); String SQL2 = "update Marks set marks = ?,year = ? where sid = ?"; jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL2, marks,year, id); System.out.println("Updated Record with SID = " + id); transactionManager.commit(status); } catch (DataAccessException e) { System.out.println("Error in creating record, rolling back"); transactionManager.rollback(status); throw e; } return; } }
beans.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC"/> <property name="username" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="root"/> </bean> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!-- Definition for studentJDBCTemplate bean --> <bean id="studentJDBCTemplate" class="com.jsoft.testspring.testtx.StudentJDBCTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /> </bean> </beans>
测试结果:
测试工程:https://github.com/easonjim/5_java_example/tree/master/springtest/test18/testtx