操作系统监控命令

The following is sample output of this command on HP-UX:
 procs     memory            page            disk          faults      cpu
 r b w   swap  free  si  so pi po fr de sr f0 s0 s1 s3   in   sy   cs us sy id
 0 0 0   1892  5864   0   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0   90   74   24  0  0 99
 0 0 0  85356  8372   0   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0   46   25   21  0  0 100
 0 0 0  85356  8372   0   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0   47   20   18  0  0 100
 0 0 0  85356  8372   0   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  2   53   22   20  0  0 100
 0 0 0  85356  8372   0   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0   87   23   21  0  0 100
 0 0 0  85356  8372   0   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0   48   41   23  0  0 100

The w sub column, under the procs column, shows the number of potential processes that have been swapped out and written to disk. If the value is not zero, then swapping occurs and the system is short of memory.
 
The si and so columns under the page column indicate the number of swap-ins and swap-outs per second, respectively. Swap-ins and swap-outs should always be zero.
 
The sr column under the page column indicates the scan rate. High scan rates are caused by a shortage of available memory.
 
The pi and po columns under the page column indicate the number of page-ins and page-outs per second, respectively. It is normal for the number of page-ins and page-outs to increase. Some paging always occurs even on systems with sufficient available memory.

查看交换内存

Platform	Command
AIX	lsps -a
HP-UX	swapinfo -m
Linux and Tru64 UNIX	swapon -s
Solaris	swap -l and swap -s

添加交换空间

To add swap space to your system, run one of the following commands, depending on your platform:

Platform	Command
AIX	chps or mkps
HP-UX	swapon
Linux	swapon -a
Solaris	swap -a
Tru64 UNIX	swapon -a

aix基本的操作系统工具

Tool	Function
lsattr	Displays the attributes of devices
lslv	Displays information about a logical volume or the logical volume allocations of a physical volume
netstat	Displays the contents of network-related data structures
nfsstat	Displays statistics about Network File System (NFS) and Remote Procedure Call (RPC) activity
nice	Changes the initial priority of a process
no	Displays or sets network options
ps	Displays the status of one or more processes
reorgvg	Reorganizes the physical-partition allocation within a volume group
time	Displays the elapsed execution, user CPU processing, and system CPU processing time
trace	Records and reports selected system events
vmo	Manages Virtual Memory Manager tunable parameters

选择可用的文件系统类型

File System	Platform	Description
S5	HP-UX and Solaris	UNIX System V file system
UFS	AIX, HP-UX, Mac OS X, Solaris, Tru64 UNIX	Unified file system, derived from BSD UNIX Note: On Mac OS X, Oracle does not recommend the use of the UFS file system for either software or database files.
VxFS	AIX, HP-UX, and Solaris	VERITAS file system
None	All	Raw devices (no file system)
ext2/ext3	Linux	Extended file system for Linux
OCFS	Linux	Oracle Cluster file system
AdvFS	Tru64 UNIX	Advanced file system
CFS	Tru64 UNIX	Cluster file system
JFS/JFS2	AIX	Journaled file system
HFS Plus, HFSX	Mac OS X	HFS Plus is the standard hierarchical file system used by Mac OS X. HFSX is an extension to HFS Plus that enables case-sensitive file names.
GPFS	AIX	General parallel file system

 

查看io
使用sar -b 或使用iostat -x
Key indicators are:
The sum of the bread, bwrit, pread, and pwrit column values indicates the level of activity of the disk I/O subsystem. The higher the sum, the busier the I/O subsystem. The larger the number of physical drives, the higher the sum threshold number can be. A good default value is no more than 40 for 2 drives and no more than 60 for 4 to 8 drives.
The %rcache column value should be greater than 90 and the %wcache column value should be greater than 60. Otherwise, the system may be disk I/O bound.
If the %wio column value is consistently greater than 20, then the system is I/O bound.


共享段大小
最大的单个共享段通过shmmax指定，下面是推荐的该值得设置

The following tableshows the recommended value for this parameter, depending on your platform:

Platform	Recommended Value
AIX	NA
HP-UX	The size of the physical memory installed on the system See Also: HP-UX Shared Memory Segments for an Oracle Instance for information about the shmmax parameter on HP-UX.
Linux	Half the size of the physical memory installed on the system
Mac OS X	NA The largest SGA size on Mac OS X is 1 MB.
Solaris and Tru64 UNIX	4294967295 or 4 GB minus 16 MB Note: The value of the shm_max parameter must be at least 16 MB for the Oracle Database instance to start. If your system runs both Oracle9i and Oracle Database 10g instances, then you must set the value of this parameter to 2 GB minus 16 MB. On Solaris, this value can be greater than 4 GB on 64-bit systems.