asm管理二

创建磁盘组

假设asm_diskstring初始化参数设置成/devices/*，下面的磁盘被asm发现

ASM disk discovery identifies the following disks in directory /devices.

/devices/diska1

/devices/diska2

/devices/diska3

/devices/diska4

/devices/diskb1

/devices/diskb2

/devices/diskb3

/devices/diskb4

• The disks diska1 - diska4 are on a separate SCSI controller from disks diskb1 - diskb4.

SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP dgroup1 NORMAL REDUNDANCY
  2  FAILGROUP controller1 DISK
  3 '/devices/diska1',
  4 '/devices/diska2',
  5 '/devices/diska3',
  6 '/devices/diska4'
  7 FAILGROUP controller2 DISK
  8 '/devices/diskb1',
  9 '/devices/diskb2',
10 '/devices/diskb3',
11 '/devices/diskb4';

添加磁盘组

Adding Disks to a Disk Group: Example 1 The following statement adds disks to dgroup1:

ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 ADD DISK
     '/devices/diska5' NAME diska5,
     '/devices/diska6' NAME diska6;

Because no FAILGROUP clauses are included in the ALTER DISKGROUP statement, each disk is assigned to its own failure group. The NAME clauses assign names to the disks, otherwise they would have been assigned system-generated names.

删除磁盘组

Dropping Disks from Disk Groups: Example 1 This example drops diska5 (the operating system independent name assigned to /devices/diska5 in "Adding Disks to a Disk Group: Example 1") from disk group dgroup1.

ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 DROP DISK diska5;

Dropping Disks from Disk Groups: Example 2 This example drops diska5 from disk group dgroup1, and also illustrates how multiple actions are possible with one ALTER DISKGROUP statement.

alter diskgroup dgroup1 drop disk diska5 add failgroup failgrp1 disk '/devices/diska9' name diska9;    

手工平衡一个磁盘组

Manually Rebalancing a Disk Group: Example The following example manually rebalances the disk group dgroup2. The command does not return until the rebalance operation is complete.

alter diskgroup dgroup2 rebalance power 5 wait;

挂载和卸载磁盘组

ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 MOUNT;

ALTER DISKGROUP ALL DISMOUNT;

检查磁盘组元数据的内部一致性

ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 CHECK ALL;

删除磁盘组

如果要删除磁盘组中包含的所有数据文件，你可以指定including contents，默认的是excluding contents.

DROP DISKGROUP dgroup1;

管理磁盘组中的目录

example of a system-generated filename:

+dgroup2/sample/controlfile/Current.256.541956473

The plus sign represents the root of the ASM file system. The dgroup2 directory is the parent directory for all files in the dgroup2 disk group. The sample directory is the parent directory for all files in the sample database, and the controlfile directory contains all control files for the sample database.

创建目录

Creating a New Directory: Example 1 The following statement creates a hierarchical directory for disk group dgroup1, which can contain, for example, the alias name +dgroup1/mydir/control_file1:

ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 ADD DIRECTORY '+dgroup1/mydir'; 

Creating a New Directory: Example 2 Assuming no subdirectory exists under the directory +dgoup1/mydir, the following statement fails:

ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1
     ADD DIRECTORY '+dgroup1/mydir/first_dir/second_dir';

重命名目录

系统命名的目录不能重命名

Renaming a Directory: Example The following statement renames a directory:
ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 RENAME DIRECTORY '+dgroup1/mydir'
     TO '+dgroup1/yourdir'
管理别名
v$asm_alias视图提供了asm实例中的每个别名
Adding an Alias Name for an ASM Filename: Example 1 The following statement adds a new alias name for a system-generated file name:
ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 ADD ALIAS '+dgroup1/mydir/second.dbf'
     FOR '+dgroup1/sample/datafile/mytable.342.3';
重命名别名
Renaming an Alias Name for an ASM Filename: Example The following statement renames an alias:
ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 RENAME ALIAS '+dgroup1/mydir/datafile.dbf'
     TO '+dgroup1/payroll/compensation.dbf';
删除别名
ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 DROP ALIAS '+dgroup1/payroll/compensation.dbf';
删除文件及相关的别名
Dropping Files and Associated Aliases from a Disk Group: Example 1
The following statement uses the alias name for the file to delete both the file and the alias:
ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 DROP FILE '+dgroup1/payroll/compensation.dbf';
Dropping Files and Associated Aliases from a Disk Group: Example 2
In this example the system-generated filename is used to drop the file and any associated alias:
ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1
     DROP FILE '+dgroup1/sample/datafile/mytable.342.372642';
 管理模板
当磁盘组被创建了，asm为磁盘组创建一些默认的模板，对每种类型的文件都有模板。v$asm_template视图提供了asm中的所有模板。
模板属性
Table 12-3 Permitted Values for ASM Template Striping Attribute
    
    
Striping
 Attribute Value
Description
FINE
Striping
 in 128KB chunks.
COARSE
Striping in 1MB chunks.
 
    
    

     
     
     
      
     
     
Table 12-4 Permitted Values for ASM Template Redundancy Attribute
     
     
Redundancy
 Attribute Value
Resulting Mirroring in Normal Redundancy Disk Group
Resulting Mirroring in High Redundancy Disk Group
Resulting
 Mirroring in External Redundancy Disk Group
MIRROR
2-way mirroring
3-way
 mirroring
(Not allowed)
HIGH
3-way mirroring
3-way
 mirroring
(Not allowed)
UNPROTECTED
No mirroring
(Not
 allowed)
No mirroring

    
    
 
    
    

     
     
     
      
    
    
Table 12-5 ASM System Default Templates Attribute Settings
    
    

     
     
Template
 Name
Striping
Mirroring, Normal Redundancy Disk Group
Mirroring, High Redundancy Disk Group
Mirroring,
 External Redundancy Disk Group
CONTROLFILE
FINE
HIGH
HIGH
UNPROTECTED
DATAFILE
COARSE
MIRROR
HIGH
UNPROTECTED
ONLINELOG
FINE
MIRROR
HIGH
UNPROTECTED
ARCHIVELOG
COARSE
MIRROR
HIGH
UNPROTECTED
TEMPFILE
COARSE
MIRROR
HIGH
UNPROTECTED
BACKUPSET
COARSE
MIRROR
HIGH
UNPROTECTED
PARAMETERFILE
COARSE
MIRROR
HIGH
UNPROTECTED
DATAGUARDCONFIG
COARSE
MIRROR
HIGH
UNPROTECTED
FLASHBACK
FINE
MIRROR
HIGH
UNPROTECTED
CHANGETRACKING
COARSE
MIRROR
HIGH
UNPROTECTED
DUMPSET
COARSE
MIRROR
HIGH
UNPROTECTED
XTRANSPORT
COARSE
MIRROR
HIGH
UNPROTECTED
AUTOBACKUP
COARSE
MIRROR
HIGH
UNPROTECTED
    
    
    
    


    
    
    
    

     
     想磁盘组中添加模板
    
    
    
    

     
     ALTER DISKGROUP 
     
     disk_group_name ADD TEMPLATE 
     
     template_name 
  ATTRIBUTES ([{MIRROR|HIGH|UNPROTECTED}] [{FINE|COARSE}]);
    
    
    
    

     
     
Adding Templates to a Disk Group: Example 1 The following statement creates a new template named reliable for the normal redundancy disk group dgroup2:
     
     
ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup2 ADD TEMPLATE reliable ATTRIBUTES (HIGH FINE);

     
     
Adding Templates to a Disk Group: Example 2 This statement creates a new template named unreliable that specifies files are to be unprotected (no mirroring). (Oracle discourages the use of unprotected files unless hardware mirroring is in place; this example is presented only to further illustrate how the attributes for templates are set.)
     
     
ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup2 ADD TEMPLATE unreliable ATTRIBUTES (UNPROTECTED);
     
     
修改磁盘组模板
     
     
Modifying a Disk Group Template: Example The following example changes the striping attribute specification of the reliable template for disk group dgroup2.
ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup2 ALTER TEMPLATE reliable 
     ATTRIBUTES (COARSE);
删除磁盘模板
Dropping Templates from a Disk Group: Example This example drops the previously created template unreliable from dgroup2:
ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup2 DROP TEMPLATE unreliable;