http://blog.csdn.net/luzongfeng88/article/details/45646323
1.springmvc框架介绍。
Spring Web MVC是一种基于Java的实现了Web MVC设计模式的请求驱动类型的轻量级Web框架,即使用了MVC架构模式的思想,将web层进行职责解耦,基于请求驱动指的就是使用请求-响应模型,框架的目的就是帮助我们简化开发,Spring Web MVC也是要简化我们日常Web开发的。
另外还有一种基于组件的、事件驱动的Web框架在此就不介绍了,如Tapestry、JSF等。
Spring Web MVC也是服务到工作者模式的实现,但进行可优化。前端控制器是DispatcherServlet;应用控制器其实拆为处理器映射器(Handler Mapping)进行处理器管理和视图解析器(View Resolver)进行视图管理;页面控制器/动作/处理器为Controller接口(仅包含ModelAndView handleRequest(request, response) 方法)的实现(也可以是任何的POJO类);支持本地化(Locale)解析、主题(Theme)解析及文件上传等;提供了非常灵活的数据验证、格式化和数据绑定机制;提供了强大的约定大于配置(惯例优先原则)的契约式编程支持。
2.所需jar包
从spring官网上下载spring mvc3.2版本,导入所有jar包,另外还需要一些支持包,aop相关、log4j、commons-logging等等,总之如果报错请与下面列出的jar包相比较,如果缺少再添加。
aopalliance-1.0.jar
asm-3.3.1.jar
aspectj-1.7.4.jar
aspectjweaver-1.6.8.jar
cglib-2.2.2.jar
commons-dbcp-1.4.jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
commons-pool-1.3.jar
jackson-core-asl-1.9.7.jar
jackson-core-lgpl-1.9.7.jar
jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.7.jar
jackson-mapper-lgpl-1.9.7.jar
javassist-3.15.0-GA.jar
javassist-3.17.1-GA.jar
log4j-1.2.17.jar
mybatis-3.2.2.jar
mybatis-spring-1.2.1.jar
mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar
org.springframework.aop-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar
slf4j-api-1.7.5.jar
slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar
spring-aop-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-aspects-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-support-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-instrument-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-instrument-tomcat-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-jdbc-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-jms-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-orm-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-oxm-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-struts-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-test-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-tx-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-portlet-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
3.开发环境搭建(不罗嗦,开整)
web.xml配置如下:
如果有不懂的可留言,或者自行百度,学习本来就是一件自主的事。。。。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<display-name></display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 配置spring上下文监视器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置上下文参数加载配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:*-context.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVCServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:web-context.xml
</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVCServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
文档结构图如下:
spring-context.xml配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb?characterEncoding=utf-8"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
<property name="maxActive" value="5" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="3" />
<property name="maxWait" value="1000" />
<property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" />
<property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" />
<property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="60" />
</bean>
<!-- 创建SqlSessionFactory,同时指定数据源 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
transaction-context.xml:配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<aop:config>
<aop:advisor id="managerTx" advice-ref="txAdvice"
pointcut="within(com.lzf.code.service..*Service) && execution( * *(..))" order="1"/>
</aop:config>
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="load*" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="create*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception"/>
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception"/>
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception"/>
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception"/>
<tx:method name="crud*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception"/>
<tx:method name="schedule*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception"/>
<tx:method name="do*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception"/>
<tx:method name="*" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
</beans>
user-context.xml:配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd" >
<!-- 用户Dao-->
<bean id="userDao" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean">
<property name="mapperInterface" value="com.lzf.code.dao.UserDao" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 扫描数据访问层,组装数据访问接口实现类 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.lzf.code"/>
<property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
</beans>
web-context.xml配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 启动扫描Code下所有的controller -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lzf.code"/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 启动Spring MVC 的注解功能,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> <!-- json转换器 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<prop key="org.springframework.web.servlet.PageNotFound">error/pageNotFound</prop>
<prop key="org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException">error/dataAccessFailure</prop>
<prop key="org.springframework.transaction.TransactionException">error/dataAccessFailure</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- jsp页面解析器,当Controller返回XXX字符串时,先通过拦截器,然后该类就会在/WEB-INF/pages/目录下,查找XXX.jsp文件-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
log4j配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM "log4j.dtd">
<log4j:configuration xmlns:log4j="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/">
<appender name="appender" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">
<param name="threshold" value="ERROR"/>
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<param name="ConversionPattern"
value="[cmall] %p [%t] %c{1}.%M(%L) | %m%n"/>
</layout>
</appender>
<!--
<appender name="actionAppender" class="org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender">
<param name="File" value="/opt/logs/ActionsError.log"/>
<param name="Append" value="true"/>
<param name="threshold" value="INFO"/>
<param name="DatePattern" value="'.'yyyy-MM-dd'.txt'"/>
<layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
<param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d [%t] %p - %m%n"/>
</layout>
</appender>
<category name="com">
<priority value="ERROR"/>
<appender-ref ref="appender"/>
</category>
<category name="com.ibatis">
<priority value="ERROR"/>
<appender-ref ref="appender"/>
</category>
</category>
-->
<category name="com.ibatis">
<priority value="DEBUG"/>
<appender-ref ref="appender"/>
</category>
<category name="java.sql">
<priority value="DEBUG"/>
<appender-ref ref="appender"/>
</category>
<category name="com">
<priority value="DEBUG"/>
<appender-ref ref="appender"/>
</category>
<!--
<category name="com">
<priority value="DEBUG"/>
<appender-ref ref="actionAppender"/>
</category> -->
<root>
<level value="ERROR" />
<appender-ref ref="appender"/>
</root>
</log4j:configuration>
user.java:
package com.lzf.code.vo;
public class User {
//用户ID
private int user_id;
//用户姓名
private String user_name;
private String credits;
//用户密码
private String password;
private String last_visit;
private String last_id;
public int getUser_id() {
return user_id;
}
public void setUser_id(int user_id) {
this.user_id = user_id;
}
public String getUser_name() {
return user_name;
}
public void setUser_name(String user_name) {
this.user_name = user_name;
}
public String getCredits() {
return credits;
}
public void setCredits(String credits) {
this.credits = credits;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getLast_visit() {
return last_visit;
}
public void setLast_visit(String last_visit) {
this.last_visit = last_visit;
}
public String getLast_id() {
return last_id;
}
public void setLast_id(String last_id) {
this.last_id = last_id;
}
}
UserDao.java:
package com.lzf.code.dao;
import com.lzf.code.vo.User;
public interface UserDao {
//根据id获取用户信息
public User getUserInfo(int id);
}
UserService.java:
package com.lzf.code.service;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.util.JavaScriptUtils;
import com.lzf.code.dao.UserDao;
import com.lzf.code.vo.User;
@Service
@RequestMapping(value="/user")
public class UserService {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
@RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String login(){
return "/user/success";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/json",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public @ResponseBody List<User>test(){
List<User>userlist =new ArrayList<User>();
User user1 =new User();
/*user1.setId(0);
user1.setName("jack");
user1.setPassword("abc");
userlist.add(user1);
User user2 =new User();
user2.setId(0);
user2.setName("tom");
user2.setPassword("abc");
userlist.add(user2);*/
return userlist;
}
@RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView add(@RequestParam(value="username",required=true,defaultValue="lzf")String username) {
User user = userDao.getUserInfo(1);
ModelAndView mv =null;
if(user!=null){
System.out.println(user.getUser_name());
mv = new ModelAndView("/user/addSuccess");
mv.addObject("info","该用户姓名为:"+user.getUser_name());
}else{
mv = new ModelAndView("/user/addSuccess");
mv.addObject("info","该用户不存在!");
}
return mv;
}
}
UserDao.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.lzf.code.dao.UserDao">
<select id="getUserInfo" parameterType="int" resultType="Userinfo">
select * from t_user where user_id = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
主要配置就这么多,涉及简单的环境搭建,与mybaits整合,使用log4j作为日志管理。