SQL 一 (有关内连接、左、右连接、最大最小值)

转自 http://blog.csdn.net/yangyi22/article/details/5379986

题目一：

 有两张表：部门表department :  部门编号dept_id,  部门名称dept_name            

                  员工表employee:  员工编号emp_id,  员工姓名emp_name,   部门编号dept_id,  工资emp_wage 

CREATE TABLE department(
	dept_id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	dept_name CHAR(50) NOT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY(dept_id));
CREATE TABLE employee(
	emp_id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	emp_name CHAR(50) NOT NULL,
	dept_id INT NOT NULL,
	emp_wage INT,
	PRIMARY KEY(emp_id),
	FOREIGN KEY(dept_id) REFERENCES department(dept_id));

INSERT INTO department(dept_name) VALUES("app");
INSERT INTO department(dept_name) VALUES("algo");
INSERT INTO department(dept_name) VALUES("human affairs");
INSERT INTO department(dept_name) VALUES("administration");

INSERT INTO employee(emp_name,dept_id, emp_wage) VALUES("1.wang", 1, 10000);
INSERT INTO employee(emp_name,dept_id, emp_wage) VALUES("2.jin", 1, 10000);
INSERT INTO employee(emp_name,dept_id, emp_wage) VALUES("3.yang", 1, 10000);
INSERT INTO employee(emp_name,dept_id, emp_wage) VALUES("4.xie", 2, 15000);
INSERT INTO employee(emp_name,dept_id, emp_wage) VALUES("5.liu", 2, 15000);
INSERT INTO employee(emp_name,dept_id, emp_wage) VALUES("6.yang", 3, 30000);
INSERT INTO employee(emp_name,dept_id, emp_wage) VALUES("7.pan", 3, 30000);
INSERT INTO employee(emp_name,dept_id, emp_wage) VALUES("8.cheng", 3, 15000);
INSERT INTO employee(emp_name,dept_id, emp_wage) VALUES("9.sun", 4, 8000);
INSERT INTO employee(emp_name,dept_id, emp_wage) VALUES("10.juan", 4, 10000);
INSERT INTO employee(emp_name,dept_id, emp_wage) VALUES("11.jiang", 1, 9000);
INSERT INTO employee(emp_name,dept_id, emp_wage) VALUES("12.lv", 1, 15000);

根据下列题目写出sql：

1、列出工资大于5000的员工所属的部门名、员工id和员工工资； 
2、列出员工表中的部门id对应的名称和员工id（左连接） 
3、列出员工大于等于2人的部门名称
4、列出工资最高的员工姓名 
5、求各部门的平均工资 
6、求各部门的员工工资总额 
7、求每个部门中的最大工资值和最小工资值，并且它的最小值小于5000，最大值大于10000 
8、假如现在在库中有一个和员工表结构相同的空表employee2,请用一条sql语句将employee表中的所以记录插入到employee2表中。 

answer:

---

1: 列出工资大于5000的员工所属的部门名、员工id和员工工资；

select emp_id,emp_wage,dept_name 
from employee as e inner join department as d 
on e.dept_id=d.dept_id 
where e.emp_wage>5000 
group by e.emp_id;

---

 2: 列出员工表中的部门id对应的名称和员工id（左连接）

select dept_name,emp_id from department d left join employee e on e.dept_id=d.dept_id group by e.emp_id;

+------------+--------+
| dept_name  | emp_id |
+------------+--------+
| 咨询部     | NULL   |
| 软件开发部 |   1001 |
| 市场策划部 |   1002 |
| 销售部     |   1003 |
| HR         |   1004 |
| HR         |   1005 |
| HR         |   1006 |
| 软件开发部 |   1007 |
+------------+--------+

 

---

 3： 列出员工大于等于2人的部门编号 名称

 select dept_name from department d [inner] join employee e on d.dept_id=e.dept_id group by dept_name
 having count(e.dept_id) >=2;

---

 4: 列出工资最高的员工姓名

select * from employee
where emp_wage =(select max(emp_wage) from employee);

+--------+----------+---------+----------+
| emp_id | emp_name | dept_id | emp_wage |
+--------+----------+---------+----------+
|   1007 | ad       |       1 |    12000 |
+--------+----------+---------+----------+

---

5:  求各部门的平均工资

select dept_name,AVG(emp_wage) as '平均工资' from employee  e join department d on e
.dept_id=d.dept_id Group by dept_name;

 +------------+------------+
| dept_name  | 平均工资   |
+------------+------------+
| HR         | 7500.0000  |
| 市场策划部 | 2500.0000  |
| 软件开发部 | 10000.0000 |
| 销售部     | 3200.0000  |
+------------+------------+

如果用右连接：

 select dept_name,AVG(emp_wage) as '平均工资' from employee  e right
 join department d on e.dept_id=d.dept_id Group by dept_name;

+------------+------------+
| dept_name  | 平均工资   |
+------------+------------+
| HR         | 7500.0000  |
| 咨询部     | NULL       |
| 市场策划部 | 2500.0000  |
| 软件开发部 | 10000.0000 |
| 销售部     | 3200.0000  |
+------------+------------+

---

 

6：求各部门的员工工资总额

select dept_name,SUM(emp_wage) as '部门工资总额' from employee  e join department d on e.dept_id=d.dept_id 
Group by dept_name;

---

 7： 求每个部门中的最大工资值和最小工资值，并且它的最小值小于5000，最大值大于10000

select dept_name ,max(emp_wage)from employee e inner join department d on e.dept_id=d.dept_id
where emp_wage>=10000
group by dept_name
union all
select dept_name ,
min(emp_wage) from employee e inner join department d on e.dept_id=d.dept_id
where emp_wage<=5000
group by dept_name;

如果是求每个部门中的最大工资值和最小工资值-->

select dept_name ,max(emp_wage),min(emp_wage) 
from employee e 
inner join department d 
on e.dept_id=d.dept_id 
group by dept_name;

---

 8： 假如现在在库中有一个和员工表结构相同的空表employee2,请用一条sql语句将employee表中的所以记录插入到employee2表中。

insert  into employee2 select * from employee;