【12.27】自动化运维

24.6 grains

grains 是在 minion 启动时收集到的一些信息，比如操作系统类型、网卡 ip、内核版本、cpu 架构等

• salt ‘主机名’ grains.ls 列出所有的grains项目名字

[root@arslinux-01 ~]# salt 'arslinux-01' grains.ls
arslinux-01:
    - SSDs
    - biosreleasedate
    - biosversion
    - cpu_flags
    - cpu_model
    - cpuarch
    - disks
    - dns
    - domain
    - fqdn
    - fqdn_ip4
    - fqdn_ip6
    - fqdns
    - gid
    - gpus
    - groupname
    - host
    - hwaddr_interfaces
    - id
    - init
    - ip4_gw
    - ip4_interfaces
    - ip6_gw
    - ip6_interfaces
    - ip_gw
    - ip_interfaces
    - ipv4
    - ipv6
    - kernel
    - kernelrelease
    - kernelversion
    - locale_info
    - localhost
    - lsb_distrib_codename
    - lsb_distrib_id
    - machine_id
    - manufacturer
    - master
    - mdadm
    - mem_total
    - nodename
    - num_cpus
    - num_gpus
    - os
    - os_family
    - osarch
    - oscodename
    - osfinger
    - osfullname
    - osmajorrelease
    - osrelease
    - osrelease_info
    - path
    - pid
    - productname
    - ps
    - pythonexecutable
    - pythonpath
    - pythonversion
    - saltpath
    - saltversion
    - saltversioninfo
    - selinux
    - serialnumber
    - server_id
    - shell
    - swap_total
    - systemd
    - uid
    - username
    - uuid
    - virtual
    - zfs_feature_flags
    - zfs_support
    - zmqversion

• salt ‘arslinux-01’ grains.items 列出所有grains项目以及值

[root@arslinux-01 ~]# salt 'arslinux-01' grains.items
arslinux-01:
    ----------
    SSDs:
    biosreleasedate:
        07/02/2015
    biosversion:
        6.00
    cpu_flags:
        - fpu
        - vme
        - de
        - pse
        - tsc
        - msr
        - pae
        - mce
        - cx8
        - apic
        - sep
        - mtrr
        - pge
        - mca
        - cmov
        - pat
        - pse36
        - clflush
        - dts
        - mmx
        - fxsr
        - sse
        - sse2
        - ss
        - syscall
        - nx
        - pdpe1gb
        - rdtscp
        - lm
        - constant_tsc
        - arch_perfmon
        - pebs
        - bts
        - nopl
        - xtopology
        - tsc_reliable
        - nonstop_tsc
        - aperfmperf
        - eagerfpu
        - pni
        - pclmulqdq
        - ssse3
        - fma
        - cx16
        - pcid
        - sse4_1
        - sse4_2
        - x2apic
        - movbe
        - popcnt
        - tsc_deadline_timer
        - aes
        - xsave
        - avx
        - f16c
        - rdrand
        - hypervisor
        - lahf_lm
        - abm
        - 3dnowprefetch
        - epb
        - fsgsbase
        - tsc_adjust
        - bmi1
        - avx2
        - smep
        - bmi2
        - invpcid
        - rdseed
        - adx
        - smap
        - xsaveopt
        - dtherm
        - arat
        - pln
        - pts
        - hwp
        - hwp_notify
        - hwp_act_window
        - hwp_epp
    cpu_model:
        Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-6200U CPU @ 2.30GHz
    cpuarch:
        x86_64
    disks:
        - sda
        - sdb
        - sr0
        - dm-0
    dns:
        ----------
        domain:
        ip4_nameservers:
            - 119.29.29.29
        ip6_nameservers:
        nameservers:
            - 119.29.29.29
        options:
        search:
        sortlist:
    domain:
    fqdn:
        arslinux-01
    fqdn_ip4:
        - 192.168.194.130
    fqdn_ip6:
        - fe80::c905:5e78:b916:41da
        - fe80::f41:9da7:d8e3:10ba
    fqdns:
    gid:
        0
    gpus:
        |_
          ----------
          model:
              SVGA II Adapter
          vendor:
              vmware
    groupname:
        root
    host:
        arslinux-01
    hwaddr_interfaces:
        ----------
        ens33:
            00:0c:29:24:ea:f2
        ens37:
            00:0c:29:24:ea:fc
        lo:
            00:00:00:00:00:00
    id:
        arslinux-01
    init:
        systemd
    ip4_gw:
        192.168.194.2
    ip4_interfaces:
        ----------
        ens33:
            - 192.168.194.130
            - 192.168.194.150
        ens37:
            - 192.168.100.1
        lo:
            - 127.0.0.1
    ip6_gw:
        False
    ip6_interfaces:
        ----------
        ens33:
            - fe80::c905:5e78:b916:41da
            - 192.168.194.150
        ens37:
            - fe80::f41:9da7:d8e3:10ba
        lo:
            - ::1
    ip_gw:
        True
    ip_interfaces:
        ----------
        ens33:
            - 192.168.194.130
            - fe80::c905:5e78:b916:41da
            - 192.168.194.150
        ens37:
            - 192.168.100.1
            - fe80::f41:9da7:d8e3:10ba
        lo:
            - 127.0.0.1
            - ::1
    ipv4:
        - 127.0.0.1
        - 192.168.100.1
        - 192.168.194.130
        - 192.168.194.150
    ipv6:
        - ::1
        - fe80::f41:9da7:d8e3:10ba
        - fe80::c905:5e78:b916:41da
    kernel:
        Linux
    kernelrelease:
        3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
    kernelversion:
        #1 SMP Fri Dec 27 23:39:32 UTC 2018
    locale_info:
        ----------
        defaultencoding:
            UTF-8
        defaultlanguage:
            zh_CN
        detectedencoding:
            UTF-8
    localhost:
        arslinux-01
    lsb_distrib_codename:
        CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
    lsb_distrib_id:
        CentOS Linux
    machine_id:
        0b3b2aee4c754c669d6ca09336428b22
    manufacturer:
        VMware, Inc.
    master:
        arslinux-01
    mdadm:
    mem_total:
        2827
    nodename:
        arslinux-01
    num_cpus:
        1
    num_gpus:
        1
    os:
        CentOS
    os_family:
        RedHat
    osarch:
        x86_64
    oscodename:
        CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
    osfinger:
        CentOS Linux-7
    osfullname:
        CentOS Linux
    osmajorrelease:
        7
    osrelease:
        7.6.1810
    osrelease_info:
        - 7
        - 6
        - 1810
    path:
        /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
    pid:
        4817
    productname:
        VMware Virtual Platform
    ps:
        ps -efHww
    pythonexecutable:
        /usr/bin/python
    pythonpath:
        - /usr/bin
        - /usr/lib64/python27.zip
        - /usr/lib64/python2.7
        - /usr/lib64/python2.7/plat-linux2
        - /usr/lib64/python2.7/lib-tk
        - /usr/lib64/python2.7/lib-old
        - /usr/lib64/python2.7/lib-dynload
        - /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages
        - /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages
    pythonversion:
        - 2
        - 7
        - 5
        - final
        - 0
    saltpath:
        /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/salt
    saltversion:
        2019.2.0
    saltversioninfo:
        - 2019
        - 2
        - 0
        - 0
    selinux:
        ----------
        enabled:
            False
        enforced:
            Disabled
    serialnumber:
        VMware-56 4d 2d 5f 36 b3 f6 de-b7 99 1d 0c 81 24 ea f2
    server_id:
        858362777
    shell:
        /bin/sh
    swap_total:
        1952
    systemd:
        ----------
        features:
            +PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA -APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ +LZ4 -SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD +IDN
        version:
            219
    uid:
        0
    username:
        root
    uuid:
        5f2d4d56-b336-def6-b799-1d0c8124eaf2
    virtual:
        VMware
    zfs_feature_flags:
        False
    zfs_support:
        False
    zmqversion:
        4.1.4

—— grains 的信息并不是动态的，并不会实时变更，它是在 minion 启动时收集到的。
—— 我们可以根据 grains 收集到的一些信息，做配置管理工作
—— grains支持自定义信息
1、在 minion 端的 /etc/salt/grains 里添加两行，重启 salt-minion

[root@arslinux-02 ~]# vim /etc/salt/grains
env: test
role: nginx
[root@arslinux-02 ~]# systemctl restart salt-minion

2、master 上获取 grains

[root@arslinux-01 ~