译（三十九）-Windows获取命令行运行时间

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-19 14:50:12 发布

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分类专栏： Windows 文章标签： windows StackOverflow powershell

原文链接：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/673523/how-do-i-measure-execution-time-of-a-command-on-the-windows-command-line

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怎样获取 Windows 命令行的执行时间？

Kuroki Kaze asked:
- Windows 有内置方法能获取命令行运行时间吗？

Answers:

Casey.K - vote: 571

PowerShell 有一个 Measure-Command 命令可以实现这个需求，不过你得确信你的电脑能运行 PowerShell。

PS> Measure-Command { echo hi }
 
Days              : 0
Hours             : 0
Minutes           : 0
Seconds           : 0
Milliseconds      : 0
Ticks             : 1318
TotalDays         : 1.52546296296296E-09
TotalHours        : 3.66111111111111E-08
TotalMinutes      : 2.19666666666667E-06
TotalSeconds      : 0.0001318
TotalMilliseconds : 0.1318

Measure-Command 会捕获命令的输出，但可以用 Out-Default 来将输出重定向至终端里。

PS> Measure-Command { echo hi | Out-Default }
hi
 
Days              : 0
...

正如 Makotoe 提到的， Measure-Command 返回一个 TimeSpan 对象，所以被测量的时间会以字段形式打印出来。使用 ToString() 可以将这个对象转为时间戳字符串。

PS> (Measure-Command { echo hi | Out-Default }).ToString()
hi
00:00:00.0001318

如果 Measure-Command 改变了终端文本颜色的话，[Console]::ResetColor() 可以重置回来。

user87453 - vote: 331
- 如果是为了
  1. 获取以 10ms 为步长的测量时间（用 hh:mm:ss.ff 的格式）
  2. 不下载和安装包
  3. 只想朴实无华敲几下就能实现（不会还有人不喜欢这样吧？）
复制下面的脚本为 batch 文件（比如 timecmd.bat）：

@echo off
@setlocal
::
set start=%time%
::
:: Runs your command
cmd /c %*
::
set end=%time%
set options="tokens=1-4 delims=:.,"
for /f %options% %%a in ("%start%") do set start_h=%%a&set /a start_m=100%%b %% 100&set /a start_s=100%%c %% 100&set /a start_ms=100%%d %% 100
for /f %options% %%a in ("%end%") do set end_h=%%a&set /a end_m=100%%b %% 100&set /a end_s=100%%c %% 100&set /a end_ms=100%%d %% 100
::
set /a hours=%end_h%-%start_h%
set /a mins=%end_m%-%start_m%
set /a secs=%end_s%-%start_s%
set /a ms=%end_ms%-%start_ms%
if %ms% lss 0 set /a secs = %secs% - 1 & set /a ms = 100%ms%
if %secs% lss 0 set /a mins = %mins% - 1 & set /a secs = 60%secs%
if %mins% lss 0 set /a hours = %hours% - 1 & set /a mins = 60%mins%
if %hours% lss 0 set /a hours = 24%hours%
if 1%ms% lss 100 set ms=0%ms%
::
:: Mission accomplished
set /a totalsecs = %hours%*3600 + %mins%*60 + %secs%
echo command took %hours%:%mins%:%secs%.%ms% (%totalsecs%.%ms%s total)

用法
如果把它加到系统环境（Path）下，就能像这样简单调用它：
```
timecmd [your command]
```
例如：

C:\>timecmd pause
Press any key to continue . . .
command took 0:0:1.18

如果希望将输出重定向，就像这样：
```
timecmd "dir c:\windows /s > nul"
```
但要注意这个命令只能在半夜前用，或者半夜后用，如果运行时间超过24小时就会出现错误。

LietKynes - vote: 261
- 呼呼呼，最简单的肯定是这个了：
- ```
echo %time%
YourApp.exe
echo %time%
```
- 适合所有开箱即用的 Windows！
  - 译者注：Windows out of the box，我不清楚有没有其它意思，所以用了直译，即开箱即用的 Windows。
- 考虑到应用可能会有终端输出，所以可以加上临时变量来存储开始时间：
- ```
set startTime=%time%YourApp.exeecho Start Time: %startTime%echo Finish Time: %time%
```

How do I measure execution time of a command on the Windows command line?

Kuroki Kaze asked:
- Is there a built-in way to measure execution time of a command on the Windows command line?
  Windows 有内置方法能获取命令行运行时间吗？
Answers:
- Casey.K - vote: 571
  - PowerShell has a cmdlet for this called Measure-Command. You’ll have to ensure that PowerShell is available on the machine that runs it.
    PowerShell 有一个 Measure-Command 命令可以实现这个需求，不过你得确信你的电脑能运行 PowerShell。
  - ```
  PS> Measure-Command { echo hi } Days              : 0Hours             : 0Minutes           : 0Seconds           : 0Milliseconds      : 0Ticks             : 1318TotalDays         : 1.52546296296296E-09TotalHours        : 3.66111111111111E-08TotalMinutes      : 2.19666666666667E-06TotalSeconds      : 0.0001318TotalMilliseconds : 0.1318
```
- Measure-Command captures the command’s output. You can redirect the output back to your console using Out-Default:
  Measure-Command 会捕获命令的输出，但可以用 Out-Default 来将输出重定向至终端里。
- ```
PS> Measure-Command { echo hi | Out-Default }hi Days              : 0...
```
  - As Makotoe commented, Measure-Command returns a TimeSpan object, so the measured time is printed as a bunch of fields. You can format the object into a timestamp string using ToString():
    正如 Makotoe 提到的， Measure-Command 返回一个 TimeSpan 对象，所以被测量的时间会以字段形式打印出来。使用 ToString() 可以将这个对象转为时间戳字符串。
  - ```
  PS> (Measure-Command { echo hi | Out-Default }).ToString()hi00:00:00.0001318
```
- If the command inside Measure-Command changes your console text color, use [Console]::ResetColor() to reset it back to normal.
  如果 Measure-Command 改变了终端文本颜色的话，[Console]::ResetColor() 可以重置回来。
- user87453 - vote: 331
  - If you want
    如果是为了
    1. To measure execution time down to the hundredth of a second in (hh:mm:ss.ff format)
      获取以 10ms 为步长的测量时间（用 hh:mm:ss.ff 的格式）
    2. To not have to download and install a resource pack
      不下载和安装包
    3. To look like a huge DOS nerd (who doesn’t)
      只想朴实无华敲几下就能实现（不会还有人不喜欢这样吧？）
- Try copying the following script into a new batch file (e.g. timecmd.bat):
  复制下面的脚本为 batch 文件（比如 timecmd.bat）：
- ```
@echo off@setlocal::set start=%time%:::: Runs your commandcmd /c %*::set end=%time%set options="tokens=1-4 delims=:.,"for /f %options% %%a in ("%start%") do set start_h=%%a&set /a start_m=100%%b %% 100&set /a start_s=100%%c %% 100&set /a start_ms=100%%d %% 100for /f %options% %%a in ("%end%") do set end_h=%%a&set /a end_m=100%%b %% 100&set /a end_s=100%%c %% 100&set /a end_ms=100%%d %% 100::set /a hours=%end_h%-%start_h%set /a mins=%end_m%-%start_m%set /a secs=%end_s%-%start_s%set /a ms=%end_ms%-%start_ms%if %ms% lss 0 set /a secs = %secs% - 1 & set /a ms = 100%ms%if %secs% lss 0 set /a mins = %mins% - 1 & set /a secs = 60%secs%if %mins% lss 0 set /a hours = %hours% - 1 & set /a mins = 60%mins%if %hours% lss 0 set /a hours = 24%hours%if 1%ms% lss 100 set ms=0%ms%:::: Mission accomplishedset /a totalsecs = %hours%*3600 + %mins%*60 + %secs%echo command took %hours%:%mins%:%secs%.%ms% (%totalsecs%.%ms%s total)
```
- Usage
  用法
- If you put timecmd.bat in a directory in your path, you can call it from anywhere like this:
  如果把它加到系统环境（Path）下，就能像这样简单调用它：
- ```
timecmd [your command]
```
- E.g.
  例如：
- ```
C:\>timecmd pausePress any key to continue . . .command took 0:0:1.18
```
- If you want to do output redirection, you can quote the command like this:
  如果希望将输出重定向，就像这样：
- ```
timecmd "dir c:\windows /s > nul"
```
- This should handle commands that run from before- to after-midnight, but the output will be wrong if your command runs for 24 hours or more.
  但要注意这个命令只能在半夜前用，或者半夜后用，如果运行时间超过24小时就会出现错误。
LietKynes - vote: 261
- Hehe, the most simple solution might be this:
  呼呼呼，最简单的肯定是这个了：
- ```
echo %time%YourApp.exeecho %time%
```
- This works on every Windows out of the box.
  适合所有开箱即用的 Windows！
  - 译者注：Windows out of the box，我不清楚有没有其它意思，所以用了直译，即开箱即用的 Windows。
- In case of an application using console output, it might be convenient to store the starting time in a temporary variable:
  考虑到应用可能会有终端输出，所以可以加上临时变量来存储开始时间：
- ```
set startTime=%time%YourApp.exeecho Start Time: %startTime%echo Finish Time: %time%
```