阿里云centos7下安装mysql并修改中文乱码

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/baidu_32872293/article/details/80557668
【1】安装

1. 下载并安装MySQL官方的Yum Repository

[root@localhost ~]# wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

2.使用上面的命令直接安装Yum Repository

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

3. 安装MySQL服务器

root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server

【2】 MySQL数据库设置
启动MySQL

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start  mysqld.service

查看MySQL运行状态

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service

此时MySQL已经开始正常运行，需要找出root的密码

[root@localhost ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

如下命令登录mysql

mysql -uroot -p

比如：mysql -h ip -P 端口 -u 用户名 -p密码
输入初始密码，此时不能做任何事情，因为MYSQL默认必须修改密码才能正常使用

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password';

1.这里会遇到一个问题，新密码设置过于简单会报错

2. 还有一个问题就是Yum Repository,以后每次 yum 操作都会自动更新，需要把这个卸载掉

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch

【3】ip登入设置
远程登录数据库出现下面出错信息
ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can’t connect to MySQL server on ‘xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx’,
原因是没有授予相应的权限

#任何主机

mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;

#指定主机

mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'jack'@’10.10.50.127’ IDENTIFIED BY '654321' WITH GRANT OPTION;

然后刷新权限

mysql>flush privileges;

修改mysql数据库总的user表使相的用户能从某一主机登录

如果是阿里云的专有云的话，安全组添加内网连接3306

【4】字符集问题，中文异常
客户端提供MYSQL的环境，但是不支持中文,通过以下命令可以查看mysql的字符集

mysql>show variables like ‘character_set%’;
显示么有utf8类型
为了让 MySQL支持中文，需要把字符集改成UTF-8，方法如下

vim /etc/mycnf
改成如下内容

[client]
port=3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
#Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
character-set-server=utf8

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

重启mysql服务：

我是先停止systemctl stop mysqld.service后启动systemctl status mysqld.service
也可以一下几种方式
一、启动方式
1、使用 service 启动：service mysqld start
2、使用 mysqld 脚本启动：/etc/inint.d/mysqld start
3、使用 safe_mysqld 启动：safe_mysqld&

二、停止
1、使用 service 启动：service mysqld stop
2、使用 mysqld 脚本启动：/etc/inint.d/mysqld stop
3、 mysqladmin shutdown

三、重启
1、 使用 service 启动：service mysqld restart
2、使用 mysqld 脚本启动：/etc/inint.d/mysqld restart

【5】重新查看数据库编码

show variables like ‘character_set%’;
可看到都改为utf-8，

之后还有两个没修改：

具体操作如下：

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘character_set_%’;
±-------------------------±---------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
±-------------------------±---------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
±-------------------------±---------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set character_set_database = utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set character_set_server = utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘character_set_%’;
±-------------------------±---------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
±-------------------------±---------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
±-------------------------±---------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)