Spring中提供一些Aware相关接口,像是BeanFactoryAware、ApplicationContextAware、ResourceLoaderAware、ServletContextAware等等,实现这些Aware接口的Bean在被初始之后,可以取得一些相对应的资源,例如实现BeanFactoryAware的Bean在初始后,Spring容器将会注入BeanFactory的实例,而实现ApplicationContextAware的Bean,在Bean被初始后,将会被注入ApplicationContext的实例等等。
Bean取得BeanFactory、ApplicationContextAware的目的是什么,一般的目的就是要取得一些资源的存取、或是使用那些被注入的实例所提供的机制,例如ApplicationContextAware提供了publishEvent()方法,可以支持基于Observer模式的事件传播机制。
ApplicationContextAware接口的定义如下:
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4
ApplicationContextAware
.
java
public
interface
ApplicationContextAware
{
void
setApplicationContext
(
ApplicationContext
context
)
;
}
下面说明一下如何通过实现ApplicationContextAware注入ApplicationContext来实现事件传播,首先编写HelloBean如下:
HelloBean.java
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import
org
.
springframework
.
context
.
*
;
public
class
HelloBean
implements
ApplicationContextAware
{
private
ApplicationContext
applicationContext
;
private
String
helloWord
=
"Hello!World!"
;
public
void
setApplicationContext
(
ApplicationContext
context
)
{
this
.
applicationContext
=
context
;
}
public
void
setHelloWord
(
String
helloWord
)
{
this
.
helloWord
=
helloWord
;
}
public
String
getHelloWord
(
)
{
applicationContext
.
publishEvent
(
new
PropertyGettedEvent
(
"["
+
helloWord
+
"] is getted"
)
)
;
return
helloWord
;
}
}
ApplicationContext会由Spring容器注入,publishEvent()方法需要一个继承ApplicationEvent的对象,我们的PropertyGettedEvent继承了ApplicationEvent,如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
PropertyGettedEvent
.
java
import
org
.
springframework
.
context
.
*
;
public
class
PropertyGettedEvent
extends
ApplicationEvent
{
public
PropertyGettedEvent
(
Object
source
)
{
super
(
source
)
;
}
}
当ApplicationContext执行publishEvent()后,会自动寻找实作ApplicationListener接口的对象并通知其发生对应事件,我们实作了PropertyGettedListener如下:
PrppertyGettedListener.java
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6
import
org
.
springframework
.
context
.
*
;
public
class
PropertyGettedListener
implements
ApplicationListener
{
public
void
onApplicationEvent
(
ApplicationEvent
event
)
{
System
.
out
.
println
(
event
.
getSource
(
)
.
toString
(
)
)
;
}
}
Listener必须被实例化,这我们可以在Bean定义档中加以定义:
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
<?
xml
version
=
"1.0"
encoding
=
"UTF-8"
?>
<
!
DOCTYPE
beans
PUBLIC
"-//SPRING/DTD BEAN/EN"
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"
>
<
beans
>
<
bean
id
=
"propertyGetterListener"
class
=
"PropertyGettedListener"
/
>
<
bean
id
=
"helloBean"
class
=
"HelloBean"
>
<
property
name
=
"helloWord"
>
<
value
>
Hello
Swiftlet
!
<
/
value
>
<
/
property
>
<
/
bean
>
<
/
beans
>
我们写一个测试程序来测测事件传播的运行:
1
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5
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9
import
org
.
springframework
.
context
.
*
;
import
org
.
springframework
.
context
.
support
.
*
;
public
class
Test
{
public
static
void
main
(
String
[
]
args
)
{
ApplicationContext
context
=
new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext
(
"bean.xml"
)
;
HelloBean
hello
=
(
HelloBean
)
context
.
getBean
(
"helloBean"
)
;
System
.
out
.
println
(
hello
.
getHelloWord
(
)
)
;
}
}
执行结果会如下所示:
[Hello Swiftlet!] is getted
Hello Swiftlet!
以上是以实现事件传播来看看实作Aware接口取得对应对象后,可以进行的动作,同样的,你也可以实作ResourceLoaderAware接口:
ResourceLoaderAware.java
1
2
3
public
interface
ResourceLoaderAware
{
void
setResourceLoader
(
ResourceLoader
loader
)
;
}
实现ResourceLoader的Bean就可以取得ResourceLoader的实例,如此就可以使用它的getResource()方法,这对于必须存取资源的Bean相当有用。
基本上,Spring虽然提供了这些Aware相关接口,然而Bean上若实现了这些接口,就算是与Spring发生了依赖,从另一个角度来看,虽然你以直接在Bean上实现这些接口,但也可以透过setter来完成依赖注入,例如:
HelloBean.java
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10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
import
org
.
springframework
.
context
.
*
;
public
class
HelloBean
{
private
ApplicationContext
applicationContext
;
private
String
helloWord
=
"Hello!World!"
;
public
void
setApplicationContext
(
ApplicationContext
context
)
{
this
.
applicationContext
=
context
;
}
public
void
setHelloWord
(
String
helloWord
)
{
this
.
helloWord
=
helloWord
;
}
public
String
getHelloWord
(
)
{
applicationContext
.
publishEvent
(
new
PropertyGettedEvent
(
"["
+
helloWord
+
"] is getted"
)
)
;
return
helloWord
;
}
}
注意这次我们并没有实现ApplicationContextAware,我们在程序中可以自行注入ApplicationContext实例:
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
HelloBean hello = (HelloBean) context.getBean("helloBean");
hello.setApplicationContext(context);
System.out.println(hello.getHelloWord());
就Bean而言,降低了对Spring的依赖,可以比较容易从现有的框架中脱离。
声明: 本文由金丝燕网原创编译,转载请保留链接: ApplicationContextAware接口介绍
Spring中提供一些Aware相关接口,像是BeanFactoryAware、ApplicationContextAware、ResourceLoaderAware、ServletContextAware等等,实现这些Aware接口的Bean在被初始之后,可以取得一些相对应的资源,例如实现BeanFactoryAware的Bean在初始后,Spring容器将会注入BeanFactory的实例,而实现ApplicationContextAware的Bean,在Bean被初始后,将会被注入ApplicationContext的实例等等。
Bean取得BeanFactory、ApplicationContextAware的目的是什么,一般的目的就是要取得一些资源的存取、或是使用那些被注入的实例所提供的机制,例如ApplicationContextAware提供了publishEvent()方法,可以支持基于Observer模式的事件传播机制。
ApplicationContextAware接口的定义如下:
1
2
3
4
|
ApplicationContextAware
.
java
public
interface
ApplicationContextAware
{
void
setApplicationContext
(
ApplicationContext
context
)
;
}
|
下面说明一下如何通过实现ApplicationContextAware注入ApplicationContext来实现事件传播,首先编写HelloBean如下:
HelloBean.java
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
|
import
org
.
springframework
.
context
.
*
;
public
class
HelloBean
implements
ApplicationContextAware
{
private
ApplicationContext
applicationContext
;
private
String
helloWord
=
"Hello!World!"
;
public
void
setApplicationContext
(
ApplicationContext
context
)
{
this
.
applicationContext
=
context
;
}
public
void
setHelloWord
(
String
helloWord
)
{
this
.
helloWord
=
helloWord
;
}
public
String
getHelloWord
(
)
{
applicationContext
.
publishEvent
(
new
PropertyGettedEvent
(
"["
+
helloWord
+
"] is getted"
)
)
;
return
helloWord
;
}
}
|
ApplicationContext会由Spring容器注入,publishEvent()方法需要一个继承ApplicationEvent的对象,我们的PropertyGettedEvent继承了ApplicationEvent,如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
PropertyGettedEvent
.
java
import
org
.
springframework
.
context
.
*
;
public
class
PropertyGettedEvent
extends
ApplicationEvent
{
public
PropertyGettedEvent
(
Object
source
)
{
super
(
source
)
;
}
}
|
当ApplicationContext执行publishEvent()后,会自动寻找实作ApplicationListener接口的对象并通知其发生对应事件,我们实作了PropertyGettedListener如下:
PrppertyGettedListener.java
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
import
org
.
springframework
.
context
.
*
;
public
class
PropertyGettedListener
implements
ApplicationListener
{
public
void
onApplicationEvent
(
ApplicationEvent
event
)
{
System
.
out
.
println
(
event
.
getSource
(
)
.
toString
(
)
)
;
}
}
|
Listener必须被实例化,这我们可以在Bean定义档中加以定义:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
<?
xml
version
=
"1.0"
encoding
=
"UTF-8"
?>
<
!
DOCTYPE
beans
PUBLIC
"-//SPRING/DTD BEAN/EN"
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"
>
<
beans
>
<
bean
id
=
"propertyGetterListener"
class
=
"PropertyGettedListener"
/
>
<
bean
id
=
"helloBean"
class
=
"HelloBean"
>
<
property
name
=
"helloWord"
>
<
value
>
Hello
Swiftlet
!
<
/
value
>
<
/
property
>
<
/
bean
>
<
/
beans
>
|
我们写一个测试程序来测测事件传播的运行:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
|
import
org
.
springframework
.
context
.
*
;
import
org
.
springframework
.
context
.
support
.
*
;
public
class
Test
{
public
static
void
main
(
String
[
]
args
)
{
ApplicationContext
context
=
new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext
(
"bean.xml"
)
;
HelloBean
hello
=
(
HelloBean
)
context
.
getBean
(
"helloBean"
)
;
System
.
out
.
println
(
hello
.
getHelloWord
(
)
)
;
}
}
|
执行结果会如下所示:
[Hello Swiftlet!] is getted
Hello Swiftlet!
以上是以实现事件传播来看看实作Aware接口取得对应对象后,可以进行的动作,同样的,你也可以实作ResourceLoaderAware接口:
ResourceLoaderAware.java
1
2
3
|
public
interface
ResourceLoaderAware
{
void
setResourceLoader
(
ResourceLoader
loader
)
;
}
|
实现ResourceLoader的Bean就可以取得ResourceLoader的实例,如此就可以使用它的getResource()方法,这对于必须存取资源的Bean相当有用。
基本上,Spring虽然提供了这些Aware相关接口,然而Bean上若实现了这些接口,就算是与Spring发生了依赖,从另一个角度来看,虽然你以直接在Bean上实现这些接口,但也可以透过setter来完成依赖注入,例如:
HelloBean.java
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
|
import
org
.
springframework
.
context
.
*
;
public
class
HelloBean
{
private
ApplicationContext
applicationContext
;
private
String
helloWord
=
"Hello!World!"
;
public
void
setApplicationContext
(
ApplicationContext
context
)
{
this
.
applicationContext
=
context
;
}
public
void
setHelloWord
(
String
helloWord
)
{
this
.
helloWord
=
helloWord
;
}
public
String
getHelloWord
(
)
{
applicationContext
.
publishEvent
(
new
PropertyGettedEvent
(
"["
+
helloWord
+
"] is getted"
)
)
;
return
helloWord
;
}
}
|
注意这次我们并没有实现ApplicationContextAware,我们在程序中可以自行注入ApplicationContext实例:
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
HelloBean hello = (HelloBean) context.getBean("helloBean");
hello.setApplicationContext(context);
System.out.println(hello.getHelloWord());
就Bean而言,降低了对Spring的依赖,可以比较容易从现有的框架中脱离。
声明: 本文由金丝燕网原创编译,转载请保留链接: ApplicationContextAware接口介绍