android中的资源文件

1.android中的提供了很多资源文件，资源文件放在res/下，或者将raw/下的放在assets下也行。有这些类型：都是xml文件

animator/  属性动画

anim/ 视图动画

color/  a state list of colors 由颜色值对应一个状态

drawable/  图片，shape,Animation drawables,Nine-Patches 

mipmap/  图片

layout/  布局文件

menu/  菜单文件  

raw/  保留文件的原始格式 ，音视频，Resources.openRawResource()

values/   arrays.xml，colors.xml，dimens.xml，strings.xml，styles.xml 

xml/   Resources.getXML(). xml形式的配置文件

2.也可以对这些资源上做一些限定，例如不同的语言环境对应的values，不同的分辨率图片对应的drawable等待。

限定符：作用就是在对应的设备环境下使用对应的资源

MCC and MNC ，mcc310  mcc310-mnc004

Language and region ，en

Layout Direction   ，ldrtl  ldltr（默认）

smallestWidth  ，sw320dp

Available width  ，w720dp

Available height  ，h720dp

Screen size：

small   320x426 dp 

normal 320x470 dp 

large 480x640 dp

xlarge 720x960 dp

Screen aspect long，notlong

Round screen round，notround

Screen orientation   port，land

Night mode  ight，notnight

Screen pixel density (dpi)

ldpi  120dpi.

mdpi    160dpi.

hdpi   240dpi.

xhdpi 320dpi.

xxhdpi   480dpi.

xxxhdpi   640dpi.

nodpi   对bitmap resources 不缩放

tvdpi  213dpi

anydpi  不考虑dpi  ,vector drawables.

There is a 3:4:6:8:12:16 scaling ratio between the six primary densities (

Touchscreen type  notouch,finger(触摸屏)

3.资源访问，使用id即可。R.drawable.my_background_image，R.string.hello_message

4，资源变更：

<span style="font-size:14px;">@Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
    super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);

    // Checks the orientation of the screen
    if (newConfig.orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) {
        Toast.makeText(this, "landscape", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    } else if (newConfig.orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT){
        Toast.makeText(this, "portrait", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}</span>

5.具体资源：

a.Animation Resources：

Property Animation有Animator， ValueAnimator, ObjectAnimator, or AnimatorSet.

View Animation有Tween animation:<set><alpha><scale><translate><rotate>

Frame animation :<animation-list>

b.Color State List Resource:

<selector>

c.Drawable Resources

有Bitmap File， Creates a BitmapDrawable.

有Nine-Patch File， Creates a NinePatchDrawable.

有Layer List ，Creates a LayerDrawable.

有State List，Creates a StateListDrawable.

有Level List，Creates a LevelListDrawable.

有Transition Drawable，Creates a TransitionDrawable.

有Inset Drawable，Clip Drawable，Scale Drawable，Shape Drawable

d.Layout Resource:

<menu>

  MenuInflater inflater = getMenuInflater();

    inflater.inflate(R.menu.example_menu, menu);

e.String Resources

<string name="welcome_messages">Hello, %1$s! You have %2$d new messages.</string>

Resources res = getResources();

String text = String.format(res.getString(R.string.welcome_messages), username, mailCount);

使用html标签， <string name="welcome">Welcome to <b>Android</b>!</string>

使用Spannables

f.Style Resource

使用style来定义Theme,控件样式

<style

        name="style_name"

        parent="@[package:]style/style_to_inherit">

        <item

            name="[package:]style_property_name"

            >style_value</item>

    </style>

g.More Resource Types

Bool

<span style="font-size:14px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <bool
        name="bool_name"
        >[true | false]</bool>
</resources></span>

Color

<span style="font-size:14px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <color
        name="color_name"
        >hex_color</color>
</resources></span>

Dimension：dp,sp,px

<span style="font-size:14px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <dimen
        name="dimension_name"
        >dimension</dimen>
</resources></span>

 ID

<span style="font-size:14px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <item
        type="id"
        name="id_name" />
</resources></span>

Integer

<span style="font-size:14px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <integer
        name="integer_name"
        >integer</integer>
</resources> </span>

Integer Array 

<span style="font-size:14px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <integer-array
        name="integer_array_name">
        <item
            >integer</item>
    </integer-array>
</resources> </span>

Typed Array

这个在自定义控件中，获取自定义属性时我们用到过

<span style="font-size:14px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <array name="icons">
        <item>@drawable/home</item>
        <item>@drawable/settings</item>
        <item>@drawable/logout</item>
    </array>
    <array name="colors">
        <item>#FFFF0000</item>
        <item>#FF00FF00</item>
        <item>#FF0000FF</item>
    </array>
</resources>
Resources res = getResources();
TypedArray icons = res.obtainTypedArray(R.array.icons);
Drawable drawable = icons.getDrawable(0);

TypedArray colors = res.obtainTypedArray(R.array.colors);
int color = colors.getColor(0,0);
</span>

6.manifest文件：

Manifest的结构

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<manifest>

    <uses-permission />

    <permission />

    <permission-tree />

    <permission-group />

    <instrumentation />

    <uses-sdk />

    <uses-configuration />  

    <uses-feature />  

    <supports-screens />  

    <compatible-screens />  

    <supports-gl-texture />  

    <application>

        <activity>

            <intent-filter>

                <action />

                <category />

                <data />

            </intent-filter>

            <meta-data />

        </activity>

        <activity-alias>

            <intent-filter> . . . </intent-filter>

            <meta-data />

        </activity-alias>

        <service>

            <intent-filter> . . . </intent-filter>

            <meta-data/>

        </service>

        <receiver>

            <intent-filter> . . . </intent-filter>

            <meta-data />

        </receiver>

        <provider>

            <grant-uri-permission />

            <meta-data />

            <path-permission />

        </provider>

        <uses-library />

    </application>

</manifest>