Spring-Data-Jpa配合MySQL实现简单的增、删、查、改

1. 创建Maven项目
2. 配置pom.xml仓库文件

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--依赖Spring 4.3.6之core、context、aop、beans、tx、orm和spring data commons -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.11.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--hibernate 实现JPA的框架 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.28</version>
        </dependency>
             <!-- Spring测试框架 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.41</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.6.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
        <finalName>SpringDataJpa1</finalName>
    </build>

1. spring-data.xml配置，这是一个spring的配置文件，包括加载数据源、事物驱动、注解扫描等。

?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.8.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.web.dao.impl"/>

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.web.service.impl"/>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///jpa"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置jpa实现的适配器 -->
    <bean id="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
        <property name="showSql" value="true"/>
        <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置jpa实体类管理器的工厂,packagesToScan实体类 -->
    <bean id="emf" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter"/>
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.web.po"/>
        <property name="jpaProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置jpa事物 -->
    <bean id="jpaTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="emf"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置jpa注解事物驱动 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven proxy-target-class="false" transaction-manager="jpaTransactionManager"/>
    <!-- 配置spring data jpa的仓库(repository)-->
    <jpa:repositories base-package="com.web.dao"
         entity-manager-factory-ref="emf"
         transaction-manager-ref="jpaTransactionManager"/>
</beans>

1. 这里的是Jpa的原生实现，下一张会采用接口(JpaRepository)的方法。

UserDao.java接口

![dao层](http://img.blog.csdn.net/20170531205841343?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvYmFpZHVfMzQ4MzIwMjY=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast)
//查找全部
    List<User> findAll();
    //增加用户
    void addUser(User user);
    //修改用户
    void updateUser(User user);
    //删除用户
    int deleteUser(String userId);
    //根据id来查找
    User findById(String userId);
    //登录
    User loginUser(String name,String pass);

    void removeUser(User user);

dao层的实现类

//获取上下文实体持久管理器
    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager entityManager;

    @Override
    public List<User> findAll() {
        return (List<User>) entityManager.createQuery("from User").getResultList();
    }

    @Override
    public void addUser(User user) {
        entityManager.persist(user);
        entityManager.flush();
    }

    @Override
    public void updateUser(User user) {
        //entityManager.refresh(user);
        entityManager.merge(user);
        entityManager.flush();
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteUser(String userId) {
        int rows = entityManager.createQuery("delete from User u where u.userId=?").setParameter(0, userId)
        .executeUpdate();
        return rows;
    }

    @Override
    public User findById(String userId) {

        return entityManager.find(User.class, userId);
    }

    @Override
    public User loginUser(String name, String pass) {
        User singleResult = (User) entityManager.createQuery("select u from User u where u.userName=? "
                + "and passWord=?").setParameter(0, name)
        .setParameter(1, pass).getSingleResult();
        return singleResult;
    }

    @Override
    public void removeUser(User user) {
        User user2 = entityManager.merge(user);
        entityManager.remove(user2);
        entityManager.flush();
    }

service接口和实现类的注解都很简单，就不用介绍了

1. 测试类采用的spring自带的测试

![测试类]
(http://img.blog.csdn.net/20170531212620766?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvYmFpZHVfMzQ4MzIwMjY=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast)

6、上面方法比较复杂，我们可以直接在dao层继承JpaRepository<User,String>仓库，然后在dao层不需要写任何代码，除了特殊的

7、在我们的的service的实现类里面直接可以调用我们仓库里的方法，和上面的serviceImpl一样，里面包括简单的增加、删除、修改、查看和分页、分类等。