Java IO流-处理流-数据流&对象流

Java IO流 -> 处理流 -> 数据流和对象流

1. 处理流

• DataInputStream & DataOutputStream
• 分别继承自InputStream和OutputStream，属于处理流。
• 需要分别套接在InputStream和OutputStream类型的字节流上。
• DataInputStream 和 DataOutputStream提供了可以存取与机器无关的Java原始类型数据（int/double等）的方法。

import java.io.*;
/**
 * 测试数据流DataInputStream和DataOutputStream
 */
public class TestDataStream {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        testDataStream();
    }

    public static void testDataStream(){
        try(OutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream("data.txt");
            InputStream fin = new FileInputStream("data.txt");){

            DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(fout);
            out.writeUTF("我在学习数据输入输出流的使用");
            out.writeInt(100);
            out.writeBoolean(false);
            out.writeChar('V');
            out.flush();

            DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(fin);
            System.out.println(in.readUTF());
            System.out.println(in.readInt());
            System.out.println(in.readBoolean());
            System.out.println(in.readChar());
        }catch (FileNotFoundException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

2. 对象流

• 直接将Object写入或读出。
  • Serializable接口
  • transient关键字：修饰的属性不会被序列化
  • Externalizable接口

import java.io.*;
/**
 * 测试数据流ObjectInputStream和ObjectOutputStream
 * AnoBabe
 */
public class TestObjectStream {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        testObjectStream();
    }

    /**
     * 测试对象流的存取
     */
    public static void testObjectStream(){
        try(OutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream("object.txt");
            InputStream fin = new FileInputStream("object.txt");){

            ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(fout);
            out.writeUTF("我在学习数据输入输出流的使用");
            out.writeInt(100);
            out.writeBoolean(false);
            out.writeChar('V');
            out.writeObject(new Student("Ano",24,"XDU"));
            out.writeObject(new Student("Charlie",25,"XDU"));
            out.writeObject(new Student("Jackson",27,"XDU"));
            out.flush();

            ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(fin);
            System.out.println(in.readUTF());
            System.out.println(in.readInt());
            System.out.println(in.readBoolean());
            System.out.println(in.readChar());
            System.out.println(in.readObject());
            System.out.println(in.readObject());
            System.out.println(in.readObject());
        }catch (FileNotFoundException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
class Student implements Serializable{
    private String name;
    private transient int age; //age不被序列化
    private String school;
    
    public Student(){}

    public Student(String name, int age, String school){
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.school = school;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "name=" + name + 
                ", age=" + age +
                ", school=" + school;
    }
}

• 运行结果：

  我在学习数据输入输出流的使用
  100
  false
  V
  name=Ano, age=0, school=XDU
  name=Charlie, age=0, school=XDU
  name=Jackson, age=0, school=XDU