int溢出判断

int溢出判断

// int存储最小值：-2147483648 
Integer.MIN_VALUE = 0x80000000; 

// int存储最大值：2147483648 
Integer.MAX_VALUE = 0x7fffffff;

先做一个简单的加减测试

int max = Integer.MAX_VALUE; 
int min = Integer.MIN_VALUE; 
System.out.println("Integer.MAX_VALUE：" + max); System.out.println("Integer.MIN_VALUE：" + min); 
System.out.println("max + 1 = " + (max + 1)); 
System.out.println("min - 1 = " + (min - 1));

Integer.MAX_VALUE：2147483647

Integer.MIN_VALUE：-2147483648

max + 1 = -2147483648

min - 1 = 2147483647

可以发现：最大值加1变成最小值，最小值减1变为最大值，如此循环

那么可以猜想单用int本身来判断是否溢出是行不通或者不严谨的

行不通：直接判断是没有好结果的

        if (max + 1 > Integer.MAX_VALUE)
            System.out.println("正向溢出");
        else
            System.out.println("???");
        if (min - 1 < Integer.MIN_VALUE)
            System.out.println("负向溢出");
        else
            System.out.println("???");

???

???

不严谨：如果一个正数溢出就变负数，负数溢出就变正数？

但是：一个正数，万一我加了两个max再加2不就又转回去变成正数了。。。

        if (max + 1 < 0)
            System.out.println("正向溢出");
        else
            System.out.println("???");
        if (min - 1 > 0)
            System.out.println("负向溢出");
        else
            System.out.println("???");
        if (max + max + 2 < 0)
            System.out.println("正向溢出");
        else {
            System.out.println("??? max + max + 2 = " + (max + max + 2));
        }

正向溢出

负向溢出

??? max + max + 2 = 0

因此，想要真正实现与Integer.MAX_VALUE，Integer.MIN_VALUE比较大小，那么那个数一定可以比Integer.MAX_VALUE大，比Integer.MIN_VALUE小，int类型是无法存储这些数的，因此要用long,float,double来比较。

        if ((long) max + 1 > (long) max)
            System.out.println("正向溢出 (long)max + 1 = " + ((long) max + 1));
        if ((long) min - 1 < (long) min)
            System.out.println("负向溢出 (long)min - 1 = " + ((long) min - 1));

正向溢出 (long)max + 1 = 2147483648

负向溢出 (long)min - 1 = -2147483649

附上所有代码和结果

public class IntTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int max = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        int min = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
        System.out.println("Integer.MAX_VALUE：" + max);
        System.out.println("Integer.MIN_VALUE：" + min);
        System.out.println("max + 1 = " + (max + 1));
        System.out.println("min - 1 = " + (min - 1));

        if (max + 1 > Integer.MAX_VALUE)
            System.out.println("正向溢出");
        else
            System.out.println("???");
        if (min - 1 < Integer.MIN_VALUE)
            System.out.println("负向溢出");
        else
            System.out.println("???");

        if (max + 1 < 0)
            System.out.println("正向溢出");
        else
            System.out.println("???");
        if (min - 1 > 0)
            System.out.println("负向溢出");
        else
            System.out.println("???");
        if (max + max + 2 < 0)
            System.out.println("正向溢出");
        else {
            System.out.println("??? max + max + 2 = " + (max + max + 2));
        }

        if ((long) max + 1 > (long) max)
            System.out.println("正向溢出 (long)max + 1 = " + ((long) max + 1));
        if ((long) min - 1 < (long) min)
            System.out.println("负向溢出 (long)min - 1 = " + ((long) min - 1));
    }
}

Integer.MAX_VALUE：2147483647

Integer.MIN_VALUE：-2147483648

max + 1 = -2147483648

min - 1 = 2147483647

???

???

正向溢出

负向溢出

??? max + max + 2 = 0

正向溢出 (long)max + 1 = 2147483648

负向溢出 (long)min - 1 = -2147483649