perl include 文件--------require

perl的包含文件
require ("myfile.pl");

        基本的包含文件全过程

• 建立一个include文件，就按整个的perl script文件格式建立,文件中写sub

[macg@localhost perltest]$ vi file1.pl #!/usr/bin/perl sub gotest{ my(@tmp)=@_; open (MYFILE, $tmp[0]) || die ("Could not open file"); my($line,$newline); while ($line=<MYFILE>) { $line=~ tr/a-zA-Z//s;   print "good \n";   print "\$line is :$line";   print "\$\& is : $&", "\n";   } close(MYFILE); }

• 主perl文件require上边的包含文件,引用定义在包含文件中的sub

[macg@localhost perltest]$ vi tip.pl #!/usr/bin/perl require ("file1.pl"); $file="/home/macg/perltest/gogo"; &gotest($file); @arrary=qw(a b cc dd); $pointer = \@arrary; for($i=0;$i<4;$i++) {    print "$i : $pointer->[$i] \n";  }

[macg@localhost perltest]$ ./tip.pl file1.pl did not return a true value at ./tip.pl line 3.

     

   上面哪里错了？ 包含文件，必须return一个1

[macg@localhost perltest]$ vi file1.pl #!/usr/bin/perl sub gotest{ my(@tmp)=@_; open (MYFILE, $tmp[0]) || die ("Could not open file"); my($line,$newline); while ($line=<MYFILE>) { $line=~ tr/a-zA-Z//s;   print "good \n";   print "\$line is :$line";   print "\$\& is : $&", "\n";   } close(MYFILE); } 1;

[macg@localhost perltest]$ ./tip.pl good $line is :I WANTWANT TO go to NY. And I also wWant to be DC.

             require;           不指定文件名
变量 $_ 的值即作为文件名传递给require
 

        require   ("testdir/file1.pl");     允许带路径名

#!/usr/bin/perl require ("testdir/file1.pl"); $file="/home/macg/perltest/gogo"; &gotest($file);

[macg@localhost perltest]$ ls -F file1.pl  gogo  newdir/  newtest  test  testdir/  tip.pl* [macg@localhost perltest]$ ls testdir file1.pl  test1 [macg@localhost perltest]$ ./tip.pl good $line is :I WANTWANT TO go to NY. And I also wWant to be DC

        不用全路径名，而require文件又不在当前路径下，怎么办？  ----@INC

[macg@localhost perltest]$ vi tip.pl #!/usr/bin/perl require ("file1.pl"); $file="/home/macg/perltest/gogo"; &gotest($file);

[macg@localhost perltest]$ ./tip.pl Can't locate file1.pl in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.6/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.4/i386-linux-thread-multi at ./tip.pl line 3.

把file1.pl所在目录放入@INC系统变量中

[macg@localhost perltest]$ vi tip.pl #!/usr/bin/perl unshift (@INC, "/home/macg/perltest/testdir"); require ("file1.pl"); $file="/home/macg/perltest/gogo"; &gotest($file);

[macg@localhost perltest]$ ./tip.pl good $line is :I WANTWANT TO go to NY. And I also wWant to be DC

      @INC

[macg@localhost perltest]$ vi tip.pl @arraytest=qq(hello "test" world); #!/usr/bin/perl foreach  (@INC) {  print $_,"\n"; }

[macg@localhost perltest]$ ./tip.pl /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.6 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.5 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.4 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.3 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.6 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.5 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.4 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.3 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.6/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.6

        修改@INC

[macg@localhost perltest]$ vi tip.pl #!/usr/bin/perl $path1="/home/macg"; $path2="/home/macg/www"; push(@INC,$path1);      放尾部 unshift(@INC,$path2);  放头部 foreach  (@INC) {  print $_,"\n"; }

[macg@localhost perltest]$ ./tip.pl /home/macg/www /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.6 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.5 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.4 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.3 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.6 . /home/macg

   
        push 或unshift @INC只对当前文件执行时刻有效，没有global效果