结构图:
ArrayList适合于查询较多的场景,因为查询的时间复杂度是o(1);LinkedList适合于修改插入、删除比较多的场景,因为插入、删除的时间复杂度为o(1)。
ArrayList是基于数组实现的List类,它封装了一个动态的增长的、允许再分配的Object[]数组。
主要结构:
/**
* 动态数组
*/
private transient Object[] elementData;
/**
* 数组大小
*/
private int size;
添加元素:
public boolean add(E e) {
// 看是否需要扩容
ensureCapacityInternal(size + 1);
elementData[size++] = e;
return true;
}
private void ensureCapacityInternal(int minCapacity) {
if (elementData == EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA) {
minCapacity = Math.max(DEFAULT_CAPACITY, minCapacity);
}
ensureExplicitCapacity(minCapacity);
}
private void ensureExplicitCapacity(int minCapacity) {
modCount++;
// 空间不够,进行扩容
if (minCapacity - elementData.length > 0)
grow(minCapacity);
}
private void grow(int minCapacity) {
int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
//扩容为原来数组大小的1.5倍
int newCapacity = oldCapacity + (oldCapacity >> 1);
if (newCapacity - minCapacity < 0)
newCapacity = minCapacity;
if (newCapacity - MAX_ARRAY_SIZE > 0)
newCapacity = hugeCapacity(minCapacity);
elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity);
}
删除元素:
//删除固定位置的元素
public E remove(int index) {
rangeCheck(index);
modCount++;
E oldValue = elementData(index);
int numMoved = size - index - 1;
//整个数组前移1位,并把最后的元素置为null,让gc回收
if (numMoved > 0)
System.arraycopy(elementData, index+1, elementData, index,
numMoved);
elementData[--size] = null;
return oldValue;
}
LinkedList是基于链表实现的List类。
主要结构:
/**
* 链表大小
*/
transient int size = 0;
/**
* 指向头节点的指针
*/
transient Node<E> first;
/**
* 指向尾节点的指针
*/
transient Node<E> last;
Node结构:
private static class Node<E> {
E item;
/**
* 指向下一个元素的指针
*/
Node<E> next;
/**
* 指向前一个元素的指针
*/
Node<E> prev;
Node(Node<E> prev, E element, Node<E> next) {
this.item = element;
this.next = next;
this.prev = prev;
}
}
添加元素:
public boolean add(E e) {
//插入到链表最后
linkLast(e);
return true;
}
void linkLast(E e) {
final Node<E> l = last;
final Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(l, e, null);
last = newNode;
if (l == null)
first = newNode;
else
l.next = newNode;
size++;
modCount++;
}
删除元素:
public boolean remove(Object o) {
if (o == null) {
for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next) {
if (x.item == null) {
unlink(x);
return true;
}
}
} else {
for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next) {
if (o.equals(x.item)) {
unlink(x);
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
E unlink(Node<E> x) {
// assert x != null;
final E element = x.item;
final Node<E> next = x.next;
final Node<E> prev = x.prev;
if (prev == null) {
first = next;
} else {
prev.next = next;
x.prev = null;
}
if (next == null) {
last = prev;
} else {
next.prev = prev;
x.next = null;
}
x.item = null;
size--;
modCount++;
return element;
}
获取元素:
public E get(int index) {
checkElementIndex(index);
return node(index).item;
}
Node<E> node(int index) {
if (index < (size >> 1)) {
Node<E> x = first;
for (int i = 0; i < index; i++)
x = x.next;
return x;
} else {
Node<E> x = last;
for (int i = size - 1; i > index; i--)
x = x.prev;
return x;
}
}