2017美国数学建模ICM E题(环境) 翻译 需要可持续城市!(Sustainable Cities Needed!)

问题E:需要可持续城市!((Sustainable Cities Needed!))

权威翻译:

背景:
许多社区正在实施智能增长的措施,尽力考虑长期的,可持续的规划目标。智能增长将
会帮助每个城镇和城市成为一个经济更加繁荣,社会更加公平,环境可持续发展的适合居住
的地方。智能增长的重点是建设三个方面可持续发展的城市,即经济繁荣,社会公平,环境
可持续。由于世界城镇化进程加速,这项任务比以往任何时候更加重要。据预测,到2050
年,66%的世界人口将会城镇化,预计有25亿人将被添加到城市人口。因此,城市规划变
得越来越重要,也越来越必要,以确保人们能够获得公平和可持续的家园,资源和就业机会。
智能增长是一种城市规划理论,作为一种抑制城市持续扩张、减少城市周边农田流失的
手段出现于二十世纪九十年代。智能增长的十个原则是:
1、土地混合利用
2、优先发展紧凑型住宅
3、创造一系列住房机会和选择
4、创造适于步行的街区
5、培育具有鲜明的地方特色的,有吸引力的社区,使它们具有场所感
6、保护公共空间,农场,自然景观和濒危环境区域
7、加强和引导现有社区的发展
8、提供多种交通出行方式
9、使开发决策具有可预测性、公平性,提高其成本效益
10、鼓励市民和利益相关者参与开发决策
这些宽泛的原则只用与社区特有的需要相结合才会有效。因此,任何成功的措施必须结
合人口,增长的需要,城市的地理条件这些因素,而且坚持三个可持续发展的目标。
任务:
国际城市管理集团(ICM)需要你的帮助,将智能增长理论运用到世界各地的城市设计
之中。选择两个在不同大洲的中型城市(任何人口介于10万到50万人之间的城市)。
1、定义衡量一个城市智能增长成功的指标。它应该考虑可持续发展的三个方面和/或智能增
长的10个原则。
2、研究当前已选城市的发展规划。衡量并探讨当前各城市的增长计划是如何满足智能增长
原则的。根据你的指标,目前的计划有多成功?
3、利用智能增长原则,为这两个城市制定未来几十年的增长计划。基于城市的地理位置、
预期增长率以及经济机会因素,阐明选择该计划中各组件的原因以及选择的动机。用你的指
标来评估你的智能增长计划是否成功。
4、再次使用指标,将重新设计的智能增长计划中的各项计划按最具潜力到潜力最小进行排
名。将两个城市之间各项计划及其排名进行对比。
5.假设到2050年,每个城市的人口将增加50%,阐述你的计划是如何支持这个水平的增长
的?

 

原来的翻译:

背景:

许多社区正在实施智能增长计划,以考虑长期,可持续的规划目标。 “聪明的成长是关于帮助每个城镇和城市变得更加经济繁荣,社会公平和环境可持续的生活地方。”[2]智能增长的重点是建设拥抱可持续发展的城市 - 经济繁荣,社会公平,环境可持续。这个任务比以往任何时候都重要,因为世界正在迅速城市化。预计到2050年,世界人口的66%将是城市人口 - 这将导致25亿人口被纳入城市人口。[3]因此,城市规划变得越来越重要和必要,以确保人们获得公平和可持续的家园,资源和就业机会。

智能增长是一种城市规划理论,起源于1990年代,作为遏制城市持续蔓延和减少城市中心周围农田损失的手段。智能增长的十大原则是[4]

1混合土地利用

2利用紧凑的建筑设计

3创造一系列住房机会和选择

4创建可步行的社区

5培养独特的,有吸引力的社区,具有强烈的地方感

6保留开放空间,农田,自然美景和关键环境区域

7加强和指导现有社区的发展

8提供多种交通选择

9使开发决策具有可预测性,公平性和成本效益

10鼓励社区和利益相关者在发展决策中进行合作

这些广泛的原则必须适应社区的独特需求,才能有效。因此,任何成功的衡量都必须包括一个城市的人口统计,增长需求和地理条件,以及坚持三个E的目标。

任务:

国际城市管理集团(ICM)需要您帮助实施智能增长理论到世界各地的城市设计。在两个不同的大陆选择两个中型城市(人口在10万和50万之间的任何城市)。

1.定义衡量城市智能增长成功率的指标。它应该考虑可持续性的三个E和/或智能增长的十个原则。

2.研究选定城市的当前增长计划。衡量和讨论每个城市目前的增长计划是否符合智能增长原则。根据您的指标,当前的计划是否成功?

3.使用智能增长原则在未来几十年内为两个城市制定增长计划。支持您为什么根据您的城市的地理位置,预期增长率和经济机会选择您的计划的组件和计划。使用您的指标评估您的智能增长计划的成功。

4.还使用您的指标,将您重新设计的智能生长计划中的各项计划排名为最具潜力的潜力最小。比较和对比这些倡议及其在两个城市之间的排名。

5.到2050年,每个城市的人口将增加50%,解释你的计划以什么方式支持这个水平的增长?

您的ICM提交应包含1页的摘要表,您的解决方案不能超过20页,最多21页。注意:附录和参考文献不计入20页的限制。
以下为数据查询的网站
References:
[1] Smart Growth: Improving lives by improving communities.
https://smartgrowthamerica.org/
[2] EPA, “This is Smart Growth.” 2016
https://www.epa.gov/smartgrowth/smart-growth-publication
[3] World Urbanization Prospects. United Nations. 2014.
https://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/Publications/Files/WUP2014-Highlights.pdf
[4] EPA, “Smart Growth: A Guide to Developing and Implementing Greenhouse Gas
Reductions Programs.” 2011.
http://www.sustainablecitiesinstitute.org/Documents/SCI/Report_Guide/Guide_E
PA_SmartGrowthGHGReduction_2011.pdf
[5] Duany, Andres, Jeff Speck and Mike Lydon. The Smart Growth Manual.
McGraw-Hill. 2010 



英文原文:
Problem E: Sustainable Cities Needed!
Background:
Many communities are implementing smart growth initiatives in an effort to consider
long range, sustainable planning goals. “Smart growth is about helping every town and
city become a more economically prosperous, socially equitable, and environmentally
sustainable place to live.”[2]Smart growth focuses on building cities that embrace the
E’s of sustainability—Economically prosperous, socially Equitable, and Environmentally
Sustainable. This task is more important than ever because the world is rapidly
urbanizing. It is projected that by 2050, 66 percent of the world’s population will be
urban—this will result in a projected 2.5 billion people being added to the urban
population.[3]Consequently, urban planning has become increasingly important and
necessary to ensure that people have access to equitable and sustainable homes,
resources and jobs.
Smart growth is an urban planning theory that originated in 1990’s as a means to curb
continued urban sprawl and reduce the loss of farmland surrounding urban centers. The
ten principles for smart growth are[4]
1 Mix land uses
2 Take advantage of compact building design
3 Create a range of housing opportunities and choices
4 Create walkable neighborhoods
5 Foster distinctive, attractive communities with a strong sense of place
6 Preserve open space, farmland, natural beauty, and critical environmental areas
7 Strengthen and direct development towards existing communities
8 Provide a variety of transportation choices
9 Make development decisions predictable, fair, and cost effective
10 Encourage community and stakeholder collaboration in development decisions
These broad principles must be tailored to a community’s unique needs to be effective.
Thus, any measure of success must incorporate the demographics, growth needs, and
geographical conditions of a city as well as the goal to adhere to the three E’s.
Tasks:
The International City Management Group (ICM) needs your help implementing smart
growth theories into city design around the world. Select two mid-sized cities (any city
with a population of between 100,000 and 500,000 persons), on two different
continents.
1. Define a metric to measure the success of smart growth of a city. It should
consider the three E’s of sustainability and/or the 10 principles of smart growth.
2. Research the current growth plan of the selected cities. Measure and discuss
how the current growth plan of each city meets the smart growth principles. How
successful are the current plans according to your metric?
3. Using smart growth principles develop a growth plan for both cities over the next
few decades. Support why you chose the components and initiatives of your
plans based on the geography, expected growth rates, and economic
opportunities of your cities. Use your metric to evaluate the success of your
smart growth plans.
4. Also using your metric, rank the individual initiatives within your redesigned smart
growth plan as the most potential to the least potential. Compare and contrast
the initiatives and their ranking between the two cities.
5. Suppose the population of each city will increase by an additional 50% by 2050,
explain in what way(s) your plan supports this level of growth?
Your ICM submission should consist of a 1 page Summary Sheet and your solution cannot
exceed 20 pages for a maximum of 21 pages. Note: The appendix and references do not count
toward the 20 page limit. 
References:
[1] Smart Growth: Improving lives by improving communities.
https://smartgrowthamerica.org/
[2] EPA, “This is Smart Growth.” 2016
https://www.epa.gov/smartgrowth/smart-growth-publication
[3] World Urbanization Prospects. United Nations. 2014.
https://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/Publications/Files/WUP2014-Highlights.pdf
[4] EPA, “Smart Growth: A Guide to Developing and Implementing Greenhouse Gas
Reductions Programs.” 2011.
http://www.sustainablecitiesinstitute.org/Documents/SCI/Report_Guide/Guide_E
PA_SmartGrowthGHGReduction_2011.pdf
[5] Duany, Andres, Jeff Speck and Mike Lydon. The Smart Growth Manual.
McGraw-Hill. 2010. 

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