Windows下的java串口开发环境配置(2)

上一篇关于串口环境配置的文章的好像有很多人关注。可能是因为网上关于java做串口开发的帮助文档比较少。能为大家提供一些帮助，实在是欣慰之至。

最近在帮朋友做一个串口操作的小软件，有机会尝试了一下串口开发。在此过程中也碰到了一些问题。这些问题都已经解决了，我将我的方案写出来，第一可以让木有经验的朋友借鉴，第二也算是抛砖引玉，哪位朋友有更好idea也可以拿出来分享。

1.“Windows下的java串口开发环境配置”中介绍的是开发环境，那么开发出来的东西如何发布呢？

上一篇关于串口开发的文章中介绍的只是开发环境的配置，用户不可能都装上eclipse然后设置这些环境，也不可能告诉用户copy一个神马文件到一个神马目录。他们更喜欢double click。所以做出来的东西，用法当然是越弱智越好。那么与操作系统相关的dll文件等，应该如何处置呢？

我将dll文件放入到[project]/lib目录中，然后在启动文件中通过一个虚拟机参数来指定它的位置。我的启动文件如下：

@ECHO off ECHO DM_HOME=%DM_HOME% IF "%DM_HOME%"=="" GOTO needDMHome setlocal ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION set LIBDIR=%DM_HOME%/lib set CONFIGDIR=%DM_HOME%/config FOR /R %LIBDIR% %%i in (*.jar) do set CLSP=!CLSP!;%%i SET CLASSPATH=!CLSP!;%CONFIGDIR% java -DDM_HOME=%DM_HOME% -Djava.library.path=%LIBDIR% -classpath %CLASSPATH% com.yb.dm.Main >nul 2>&1 goto end :needDMHome ECHO Please set environment variable 'DM_HOME' at first. :end

各位看官应该都能看懂吧，做了一个循环，将[project]/lib下的jar文件都append到classpath中。另外把[project]/conf中的配置文件也append到classpath中。关键的地方在这里：

-Djava.library.path=%LIBDIR%

这个与eclipse中的native library location是一个意思。

 

2.我发现了一个莫名其妙的异常。

上代码吧。把所有的代码都贴出来有点不现实，因为博文不是毕业论文，不用凑字数，是吧？我帖一个完整的类的源代码出来，我觉得各位看官应该有能力把它改到可以跑起来。

import gnu.io.CommPortIdentifier; import gnu.io.SerialPort; import gnu.io.SerialPortEvent; import gnu.io.SerialPortEventListener; import gnu.io.UnsupportedCommOperationException; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.OutputStreamWriter; import java.io.Reader; import java.io.Writer; import java.util.Properties; import java.util.Queue; import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue; import com.yb.dm.common.Constant; public class Serial extends SerialBase { public final String PORT_OWER = "DM"; private boolean isOpen; private String portName; private SerialPort serialPort; private Reader inputStream; private Writer outputStream; private Queue<String> response = new ArrayBlockingQueue<String>(1); private byte[] lock = new byte[0]; private int maxTry; private int interval; private Properties prop = new Properties(); Serial() { loadProperties(); portName = prop.getProperty(Constant.KEY_SER_PORT_NAME); myLog.debug("Port name:" + portName); isOpen = false; maxTry = Integer.valueOf(prop.getProperty(Constant.KEY_SER_MAX_TRY)); interval = Integer.valueOf(prop.getProperty(Constant.KEY_SER_INTERVAL)); init(); } private void init() { if (isOpen) { myLog.warn("Try to initial an opened port."); close(); } try { CommPortIdentifier portId = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifier(portName); serialPort = (SerialPort) portId.open(PORT_OWER, Integer.valueOf(prop.getProperty(Constant.KEY_SER_TIME_OUT))); setParam(); inputStream = new InputStreamReader(serialPort.getInputStream()); myLog.debug("Got input stream."); outputStream = new OutputStreamWriter(serialPort.getOutputStream()); myLog.debug("Got output stream."); serialPort.notifyOnDataAvailable(true); serialPort.addEventListener(new SerialPortEventListener(){ public void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent event) { switch (event.getEventType()) { case SerialPortEvent.BI: case SerialPortEvent.OE: case SerialPortEvent.FE: case SerialPortEvent.PE: case SerialPortEvent.CD: case SerialPortEvent.CTS: case SerialPortEvent.DSR: case SerialPortEvent.RI: case SerialPortEvent.OUTPUT_BUFFER_EMPTY: break; case SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE: myLog.debug("There is data available, try to read it."); readComm(); break; default: break; } } }); isOpen = true; myLog.debug(portName + " Opened."); } catch (Exception e) { myLog.fatal(e); throw new RuntimeException(e); } } // public void refresh() { // if (isOpen) { // try { // close(); // } catch (Exception e) { // inputStream = null; // outputStream = null; // isOpen = false; // } // } // init(); // } @Override public boolean testConnection() { boolean result = false; try { write(Constant.HANDSHAKE_CMD); String reply = read(); if (Constant.HANDSHAKE_RSP.equals(reply)) { myLog.debug("No DREC button on test platform."); myLog.debug("Valid response. Establish connection successfully."); setDREC(false); result = true; } else if (Constant.HANDSHAKE_RSP_DREC.equals(reply)) { myLog.debug("DREC button on test platform."); myLog.debug("Valid response. Establish connection successfully."); setDREC(true); result = true; } else { myLog.debug("Invalid response. Establish connection unsuccessfully."); } } catch (Exception e) { myLog.fatal(e); myLog.error("Failed to establish connection."); } return result; } @Override public void close() { if (isOpen) { myLog.info("Closing " + portName + "..."); try { inputStream.close(); outputStream.close(); serialPort.notifyOnDataAvailable(false); serialPort.removeEventListener(); serialPort.close(); isOpen = false; myLog.info(portName + " has been closed."); } catch (IOException e) { myLog.fatal("Failed to close " + portName + "."); throw new RuntimeException(e); } } else { myLog.warn("Close an un-initialized port " + portName + "."); } } private void readComm() { final int LENGTH = 16; char[] inChars = new char[LENGTH]; int count = 0; int off = 0; try { while ((count = inputStream.read(inChars, off, LENGTH - off)) > -1) { myLog.debug(count + " chars readed."); off += count; } } catch (Exception e) { if ("Underlying input stream returned zero bytes".equals(e.getMessage())) { myLog.debug("OFF=" + off); myLog.debug("COUNT=" + count); char[] temp = new char[off]; System.arraycopy(inChars, 0, temp, 0, off); String got = new String(temp); myLog.debug("RESPONSE=" + got); synchronized (lock) { response.add(got); } } else { myLog.fatal(e); throw new RuntimeException(); } } } @Override public String read() { String reply = null; try{ for (int i = 0; i < maxTry; i++) { synchronized (lock) { reply = response.poll(); } if (reply == null) { Thread.sleep(interval); } else { break; } } } catch (InterruptedException e) { myLog.fatal(e); throw new RuntimeException(e); } return reply; } @Override public void write(String outString) { try { myLog.debug("SEND=" + outString); outputStream.write(outString); outputStream.flush(); } catch (IOException e) { myLog.fatal("Error occured in data writing."); throw new RuntimeException(e); } } private void loadProperties() { try { Reader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(this .getClass().getResourceAsStream("/" + Constant.SER_CONF_FILE))); prop.load(reader); reader.close(); } catch (IOException e) { myLog.fatal(e); throw new RuntimeException(e); } } @Override public String getPortName() { return portName; } private void setParam() throws UnsupportedCommOperationException { int baud = Integer.valueOf(prop.getProperty(Constant.KEY_SER_BAUD)); int dataBit = Integer.valueOf(prop.getProperty(Constant.KEY_SER_DATA_BIT)); int stopBit = Integer.valueOf(prop.getProperty(Constant.KEY_SER_STOP_BIT)); int verBit = Integer.valueOf(prop.getProperty(Constant.KEY_SER_VERIFY_BIT)); myLog.debug("Baud :" + baud); myLog.debug("Data bit :" + dataBit); myLog.debug("Stop bit :" + stopBit); myLog.debug("Verify bit:" + verBit); serialPort.setSerialPortParams(baud, dataBit, stopBit, verBit); } }

注意readComm方法中有一段异常处理，我不知道为什么每次读完串口的数据都会抛这样一个异常。有这方面经验的朋友可以提出来一起探讨一下。我捕获这个异常，并将它作为读入结束的一个标志。虽然功能上没有问题，但总觉得心里有个疙瘩。