Lambda表达式的好处
:在java8之前,如果想将行为传入函数,只能使用匿名内部类,而java引入的lambda表达式取代了匿名内部类,允许函数式风格编写代码,示例:
java8之前的匿名内部类
new Thread(new Runnable(){
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("doSomething before1.8");
}
}).start();
//java8之后:此例lambda表达式参数为空
new Thread(()-> System.out.println("doSomething 1.8")).start();
Lambda表达式的基本用法
(paramX,paramY...)->expression(X,Y...);
- lambda表达式的参数通常会很短,尽量将所有代码写在一行,用于提高可读性;
示例
- 遍历集合类:
List<String> list= Arrays.asList("du","gen","kui");
list.forEach(a-> System.out.println(a));
output:du
gen
kui
- Stream中的map(),filter(),collection(),get(),distinct()方法等,结合java.util.function.Predicate,进行函数式编程,做过滤:
//filter用于过滤
List languages=Arrays.asList("Java","C+++","python","R","JPP");
System.out.println("language startWith J");
// filter(languages,(str)->str.toString().startsWith("J"));
languages.stream().filter(n->n.toString().startsWith("J")).forEach(m-> System.out.println(m));
//Predicate中and()和or()的使用
Predicate<String> startwithJ=n->n.startsWith("J");//用lambda表达式赋值“逻辑"
Predicate<String> lengthFour=n->n.length()==4;//<String>是n的类型
//输出J开始而且长度为4的元素:and
System.out.println("language start with J AND length is 4"); languages.stream().filter(startwithJ.and(lengthFour)).forEach(n-> System.out.println(n));
//输出长度为4或者以J开头的
System.out.println("language start with J OR length is 4");
languages.stream().filter(startwithJ.or(lengthFour)).forEach(n-> System.out.println(n));
//map()用于映射,但是不会改变原元素值
List names=Arrays.asList("genkui","genliang","genlong");
names.stream().map(x->"du"+x).forEach(y->System.out.print(y+"\t"));
names.forEach(z-> System.out.println(z));
//TODO reduce方法的使用
List<Integer> income=Arrays.asList(2800,5000,12800);//订单价格
double SumBrokerage=income.stream().map((x)->x*0.1).reduce((sum,x)->sum+x).get();//订单佣金总和
System.out.println(SumBrokerage);
List<String> strList = Arrays.asList("du","dug","dugenkui","d");
List<String> filtered = strList.stream().filter(x -> x.length()> 2).collect(Collectors.toList());
// List<String> filtered = strList.stream().filter(x -> x.length()> 2).distinct().collect(Collectors.toList());
// System.out.printf("Original List : %s, filtered list : %s %n", strList, filtered);
- 用IntSummaryStatistics类计算最大值、最小值和平均值和总和和元素数量
List<Integer> list=Arrays.asList(1,2,3,4);
IntSummaryStatistics intSummaryStatistics=list.stream().mapToInt(x->x).summaryStatistics();
System.out.println("最大值、最小值、平均值和总和以及元素数量分别是分别是:"+
intSummaryStatistics.getMax()+":"+intSummaryStatistics.getMin()+":"+intSummaryStatistics.getAverage()
+":"+intSummaryStatistics.getSum()+":"+intSummaryStatistics.getCount());
[相关补充]
/**
* map相关:
* 1.key应该是唯一的:key和value是 n:1 的关系;
* 2.同一个key使用put(key,valueX)时,后者会更新前者的value值;
* 3.key.kesSet()返回key值得集合;
* 4.同上
*/
Map<String,String> map=new HashMap<>();
map.put("du1","genkui");
map.put("du2","genliang");
map.put("du3","genlong");
System.out.println(map.keySet()+map.values());