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C++基础实战——通讯录管理系统
一、头文件
1、workerManager.h
#pragma once //防止头文件重复包含
#include <iostream> //包含输入输出流头文件
using namespace std; //使用标准命名空间
#include"worker.h"
#include"employee.h"
#include"manager.h"
#include"boss.h"
#include<fstream>
#define FILENAME "empFile.txt"
class WorkerManager
{
public:
WorkerManager(); //构造函数
void Show_Menu();//展示菜单
void ExisSystem();//退出系统
int m_EmpNum;//记录职工人数
Worker** m_EmpArray;//职工数组指针
void Add_Emp();//添加职工
void save();//保存文件
bool m_FileIsEmpty;//判断文件是否为空 标志
void init_Emp();//初始化员工
int get_EmpNum();//统计文件中人数
void Show_Emp();//显示职工
void Del_Emp();//删除职工
int IsExist(int id);//判断职工是否存在,如果存在返回职工所在数组中的位置,不存在返回-1
void Mod_Emp(); //修改职工信息
void Find_Emp();//查找职工函数
void Sort_Emp();//按照编号排序
void Clean_File();//清空文件
~WorkerManager();//析构函数
};
2、worker.h
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<string>
//职工抽象类
class Worker
{
public:
virtual void showInfo() = 0;//显示个人信息
virtual string getDeptName() = 0;//获取岗位名称
int m_Id;//职工编号
string m_Name;//职工姓名
int m_DeptId;//部门编号
};
3、employee.h
//普通员工头文件
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"
class Employee : public Worker
{
public:
Employee(int id , string name , int dId);//构造函数
virtual void showInfo() ;//显示个人信息
virtual string getDeptName() ;//获取岗位名称
};
4、manager.h
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "worker.h"
//经理类
class Manager :public Worker
{
public:
Manager(int id, string name, int dId);//构造函数
virtual void showInfo() ;//显示个人信息
virtual string getDeptName() ;//获取岗位名称
};
5、boos.h
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "worker.h"
//老板类
class Boss :public Worker
{
public:
Boss(int id, string name, int dId); //构造函数
virtual void showInfo();//显示个人信息
virtual string getDeptName();//获取岗位名称
};
二、源文件
1、职工管理系统.cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "workManager.h"
#include"worker.h"
#include"employee.h"
#include"manager.h"
#include"boss.h"
int main()
{
测试代码
//Worker* worker = NULL;
//worker = new Employee(1,"张三",1);
//worker->showInfo();
//delete worker;
//worker = new Manager(2, "李四", 2);
//worker->showInfo();
//delete worker;
//worker = new Boss(3, "王五", 3);
//worker->showInfo();
//delete worker;
//实例化管理者对象
WorkerManager wm;
int choice = 0;//用来存储用户的选项
while (true)
{
//调用展示菜单成员函数
wm.Show_Menu();
cout << "请输入您的选择" << endl;
cin >> choice;//接收用户的选项
switch (choice)
{
case 0 : //退出系统
wm.ExisSystem();
break;
case 1: //增加职工
wm.Add_Emp();
break;
case 2: //显示职工
wm.Show_Emp();
break;
case 3: //删除职工
wm.Del_Emp();
break;
case 4: //修改职工
wm.Mod_Emp();
break;
case 5: //查找职工
wm.Find_Emp();
break;
case 6: //排序职工
wm.Sort_Emp();
break;
case 7: //清空文档
wm.Clean_File();
break;
default:
system("cls"); //清屏操作
break;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
2、WorkerManager.cpp
#include "workManager.h"
WorkerManager::WorkerManager()
{
//1、文件不存在
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);//读文件
if (!ifs.is_open())
{
//cout << "文件不存在" << endl;
//初始化属性
//初始化记录人数
this->m_EmpNum = 0;
//初始化数组指针
this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
//初始化文件是否为空
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
ifs.close();
return;
}
//2、文件存在 数据为空
char ch;
ifs >> ch;
if (ifs.eof())
{
//文件为空
//cout << "文件为空!" << endl;
//初始化属性
//初始化记录人数
this->m_EmpNum = 0;
//初始化数组指针
this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
//初始化文件是否为空
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
ifs.close();
return;
}
//3、当文件存在并且记录着数据
int num = this->get_EmpNum();
//cout << "职工的人数为: " << num << endl;
this->m_EmpNum = num;
//开辟空间
this->m_EmpArray = new Worker * [this->m_EmpNum];
//将文件中的数据,存到数组中
this->init_Emp();
测试代码
//for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
//{
// cout << "职工编号: " << this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id
// << " 姓名: " << this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name
// << " 部门编号: " << this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_DeptId << endl;
//}
}
//展示菜单
void WorkerManager::Show_Menu()
{
cout << "**************************************" << endl;
cout << "******** 欢迎使用职工管理系统 ********" << endl;
cout << "*********** 0.退出管理系统 ***********" << endl;
cout << "*********** 1.增加职工信息 ***********" << endl;
cout << "*********** 2.显示职工信息 ***********" << endl;
cout << "*********** 3.删除离职职工 ***********" << endl;
cout << "*********** 4.修改职工信息 ***********" << endl;
cout << "*********** 5.查找职工信息 ***********" << endl;
cout << "*********** 6.按照编号排序 ***********" << endl;
cout << "*********** 7.清空所有文档 ***********" << endl;
cout << "**************************************" << endl;
cout << endl;
}
//退出系统
void WorkerManager::ExisSystem()
{
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
system("pause");
exit(0); //退出程序
}
//添加职工
void WorkerManager::Add_Emp()
{
cout << "请输入添加职工数量" << endl;
int addNum = 0; //保存用户的输入数量
cin >> addNum;
if (addNum > 0)
{
//添加
//计算添加新空间大小
int newSize = this->m_EmpNum + addNum;//新空间人数=原来记录人数+新增人数
//开辟新空间
Worker ** newSpace = new Worker* [newSize];
//将原来空间下的数据,拷贝到新空间下
if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
{
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
newSpace[i] = this->m_EmpArray[i];
}
}
//添加新数据
for (int i = 0; i < addNum; i++)
{
int id;//职工编号
string name;//职工姓名
int dSelect;//部门选择
cout << "请输入第" << i + 1 << "个新职工编号" << endl;
cin >> id;
cout << "请输入第" << i + 1 << "个新职工姓名" << endl;
cin >> name;
cout << "请选择该职工岗位" << endl;
cout << "1、普通职工" << endl;
cout << "2、经理" << endl;
cout << "3、老板" << endl;
cin >> dSelect;
Worker* worker = NULL;
switch (dSelect)
{
case 1:
worker = new Employee(id, name, 1);
break;
case 2:
worker = new Manager(id, name, 2);
break;
case 3:
worker = new Boss(id, name, 3);
break;
default:
break;
}
//将创建的职工职责,保存到数组中
newSpace[this->m_EmpNum + i] = worker;
}
//释放原有空间
delete[] this->m_EmpArray;
//更改新空间指向
this->m_EmpArray = newSpace;
//更新新的职工人数
this->m_EmpNum = newSize;
//更新职工不为空标志
this->m_FileIsEmpty = false;
//提示添加成功
cout << "成功添加" << addNum << "名新职工" << endl;
//保存数据到文件中
this->save();
}
else
{
cout << "输入数据有误" << endl;
}
//按任意键后清屏回到上级目录
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//保存文件
void WorkerManager::save()
{
ofstream ofs;
ofs.open(FILENAME, ios::out); //用输出方式打开文件——写文件
//将每个人数据写入到文件中
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
ofs << this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id << " "
<< this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name << " "
<< this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_DeptId << " " << endl;
}
//关闭文件
ofs.close();
}
//统计文件中人数
int WorkerManager::get_EmpNum()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in); //打开文件 读
int id;
string name;
int dId;
int num = 0;
while (ifs>>id && ifs>>name && ifs>>dId)
{
//统计人数变量
num++;
}
return num;
}
//初始化员工
void WorkerManager::init_Emp()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME,ios::in);
int id;
string name;
int dId;
int index = 0;
while (ifs>> id && ifs>> name && ifs>> dId)
{
Worker* worker = NULL;
if (dId == 1) //普通职工
{
worker = new Employee(id, name, dId);
}
else if (dId == 2) //经理
{
worker = new Manager(id, name, dId);
}
else //总裁
{
worker = new Boss(id, name, dId);
}
this->m_EmpArray[index] = worker;
index++;
}
//关闭文件
ifs.close();
}
//显示职工
void WorkerManager::Show_Emp()
{
//判断文件是否为空
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或者记录为空" << endl;
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
//利用多态来调用程序的接口
this->m_EmpArray[i]->showInfo();
}
}
//按任意键后清屏
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//删除职工
void WorkerManager::Del_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空" << endl;
}
else
{
//按照职工编号删除职工
cout << "请输入想要删除职工编号: " << endl;
int id = 0;
cin >> id;
int index = this->IsExist(id);
if (index!= -1)//说明职工存在并且要删除index位置上的职工
{
for (int i = index; i < this->m_EmpNum - 1 ; i++)
{
//数据前移
this->m_EmpArray[i] = this->m_EmpArray[i + 1];
}
this->m_EmpNum--;//更新数组中记录的人员个数
//同步更新到文件中
this->save();
cout << "删除成功" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "删除失败,未找到该职工" << endl;
}
}
//按任意键清屏操作
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//判断职工是否存在,如果存在返回职工所在数组中的位置,不存在返回-1
int WorkerManager::IsExist(int id)
{
int index = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id == id)
{
//找到职工
index = i;
break;
}
}
return index;
}
//修改职工信息
void WorkerManager::Mod_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或者记录为空!" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "请输入修改职工编号: " << endl;
int id;
cin >> id;
int ret = this->IsExist(id);
if (ret != -1)
{
//查找到编号的职工
delete this->m_EmpArray[ret];
int newId = 0;
string newName = " ";
int dSelect = 0;
cout << "查到编号为" << id << "号的职工,请输入新职工号" << endl;
cin >> newId;
cout << "请输入新的姓名: " << endl;
cin >> newName;
cout << "请输入新的岗位: " << endl;
cout << "1、普通职工" << endl;
cout << "2、经理" << endl;
cout << "3、老板" << endl;
cin >> dSelect;
Worker* worker = NULL;
switch (dSelect)
{
case 1:
worker = new Employee(newId, newName, dSelect);
break;
case 2:
worker = new Manager(newId, newName, dSelect);
break;
case 3:
worker = new Boss(newId, newName, dSelect);
break;
default:
break;
}
//更新数据到数组中
this->m_EmpArray[ret] = worker;
cout << "修改成功" << endl;
//保存到文件中
this->save();
}
else
{
cout << "修改失败,查无此人" << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//查找职工函数
void WorkerManager::Find_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或者记录为空" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "请输入查找的方式:" << endl;
cout << "1、按照职工编号查找" << endl;
cout << "2、按照职工姓名查找" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
//按照编号查找
int id;
cout << "请输入查找职工编号" << endl;
cin >> id;
int ret = IsExist(id);
if (ret != -1)
{
//找到职工
cout << "查找成功,该职工的信息如下:" << endl;
this->m_EmpArray[ret]->showInfo();
}
else
{
cout << "查找失败,查无此人" << endl;
}
}
else if (select == 2)
{
//按照姓名查找
string name;
cout << "请输入查找的姓名:" << endl;
cin >> name;
//加入判断是否查到标志
bool flag = false;//默认未找到职工
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name == name)
{
cout << "查找成功,职工编号为"
<< this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id
<< "号的职工信息为:" << endl;
flag = true;
//调用显示信息接口
this->m_EmpArray[i]->showInfo();
}
}
if (flag == false)
{
cout << "查找失败,查无此人" << endl;
}
}
else
{
cout << "输入选项有误!" << endl;
}
}
//按任意键清屏
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//按照编号排序
void WorkerManager::Sort_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
else
{
cout << "请选择排序方式:" << endl;
cout << "1、按照职工号进行升序:" << endl;
cout << "2、按照职工号进行降序:" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
int minOrMax = i;//声明最小值或最大值下标
for (int j = i+1; j < this->m_EmpNum; j++)
{
if (select == 1)//升序
{
if (this->m_EmpArray[minOrMax]->m_Id > this->m_EmpArray[j]->m_Id)
{
minOrMax = j;
}
}
else//降序
{
if (this->m_EmpArray[minOrMax]->m_Id < this->m_EmpArray[j]->m_Id)
{
minOrMax = j;
}
}
}
//判断一开始认定的最小值或最大值是不是计算的最小值或最大值,如果不是,交换数据
if (i!=minOrMax)
{
Worker* temp = this->m_EmpArray[i];
this->m_EmpArray[i] = this->m_EmpArray[minOrMax];
this->m_EmpArray[minOrMax] = temp;
}
}
}
cout << "排序成功!排序后的结果为: " << endl;
this->save();//排序后的结果保存到文件中
this->Show_Emp();//展示所有的职工
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//清空文件
void WorkerManager::Clean_File()
{
cout << "确定清空?" << endl;
cout << "1、确定清空" << endl;
cout << "2、返回" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
//清空文件
ofstream ofs(FILENAME, ios::trunc); //删除文件后再重新创建
ofs.close();
if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
{
//删除堆区的每个职工对象
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
delete this->m_EmpArray[i];
this->m_EmpArray[i] = NULL;
}
//删除堆区的数组指针
delete[] this->m_EmpArray;
this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
this->m_EmpNum = 0;
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
}
cout << "清空成功" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
WorkerManager::~WorkerManager()
{
if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
{
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
{
delete this->m_EmpArray[i];
}
}
delete[] this->m_EmpArray;
this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
}
}
3、employee.cpp
#include"employee.h"
//构造函数
Employee::Employee(int id, string name, int dId)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_DeptId = dId;
}
//显示个人信息
void Employee::showInfo()
{
cout << "职工编号: " << this->m_Id
<< "\t职工姓名: " << this->m_Name
<< "\t岗位: " << this->getDeptName()
<< "\t岗位职责:完成经理完成的任务" << endl;
}
//获取岗位名称
string Employee::getDeptName()
{
return string("员工");
}
4、manager.cpp
#include "manager.h"
//构造函数
Manager::Manager(int id, string name, int dId)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_DeptId = dId;
}
//显示个人信息
void Manager::showInfo()
{
cout << "职工编号: " << this->m_Id
<< "\t职工姓名: " << this->m_Name
<< "\t岗位: " << this->getDeptName()
<< "\t岗位职责:完成老板交代的任务,并下发任务给普通员工" << endl;
}
//获取岗位名称
string Manager::getDeptName()
{
return string("经理");
}
5、boos.cpp
#include "boss.h"
//构造函数
Boss::Boss(int id, string name, int dId)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_DeptId = dId;
}
//显示个人信息
void Boss::showInfo()
{
cout << "职工编号: " << this->m_Id
<< "\t职工姓名: " << this->m_Name
<< "\t岗位: " << this->getDeptName()
<< "\t岗位职责:管理公司所有事务" << endl;
}
//获取岗位名称
string Boss::getDeptName()
{
return string("总裁");
}