第一个MyBatis程序

思路：搭建环境——>导入依赖的jar包——>编写代码——>测试

1、搭建环境

1. 搭建数据库

   CREATE DATABASE `mybatis`;
   
   USE `mybatis`;
   
   CREATE TABLE `user`(
   	`id` INT(20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
   	`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
   	`pwd` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL
   )ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
   
   INSERT INTO `user`(`id`,`name`,`pwd`) VALUES
   (1,'狂神','166985'),
   (2,'张三','869665'),
   (3,'李四','899966')
   

2. 新建一个普通的maven项目，删除src目录，以后以这个项目为父工程；

3. 导入依赖的jar包；

   <!--依赖的jar包-->
       <dependencies>
           <!--连接数据库 https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>mysql</groupId>
               <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
               <version>8.0.20</version>
           </dependency>
           <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
               <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
               <version>3.5.6</version>
           </dependency>
           <dependency>
               <!--测试依赖的jar-->
               <groupId>junit</groupId>
               <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
               <version>4.11</version>
               <scope>test</scope>
           </dependency>
       </dependencies>
   

2、创建一个普通的maven模块

1. 编写MyBatis的核心配置文件；

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
   <!DOCTYPE configuration
           PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
           "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
   <!--configuration:mybatis核心配置文件-->
   <configuration>
       <!--environments：环境-->
       <environments default="development">
           <environment id="development">
               <!--transactionManager：事务-->
               <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
               <dataSource type="POOLED">
                   <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                   <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&amp;useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
                   <property name="username" value="root"/>
                   <property name="password" value="root"/>
               </dataSource>
           </environment>
       </environments>
   </configuration>
   

2. 编写MyBatis工具类

   import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
   import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
   import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
   import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
   
   import java.io.IOException;
   import java.io.InputStream;
   
   //获取SqlSessionFactory，工具类
   public class MyBatisUtil {
       private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
   
       static {
           //使用MyBatis获取SqlSessionFactory对象
           String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
           InputStream inputStream = null;
           try {
               inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
               sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
           } catch (IOException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }
   
       //现在有了SqlSessionFactory，您可以获取SqlSession的实例。SqlSession绝对包含对数据库执行SQL命令所需的所有方法。
       // 您可以直接对SqlSession实例执行映射的SQL语句。
       public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
           return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
       }
   }
   

3、编写代码

1. 实体类；

   package com.beyond.pojo;
   
   //实体类
   public class User {
       private int id;
       private String name;
       private String pwd;
   
       public User() {
       }
   
       public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
           this.id = id;
           this.name = name;
           this.pwd = pwd;
       }
   
       public int getId() {
           return id;
       }
   
       public void setId(int id) {
           this.id = id;
       }
   
       public String getName() {
           return name;
       }
   
       public void setName(String name) {
           this.name = name;
       }
   
       public String getPwd() {
           return pwd;
       }
   
       public void setPwd(String pwd) {
           this.pwd = pwd;
       }
   
       @Override
       public String toString() {
           return "User{" +
                   "id=" + id +
                   ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                   ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                   '}';
       }
   }
   

2. Dao接口；

   import com.beyond.pojo.User;
   
   import java.util.List;
   
   public interface UserDao {
       List<User> getUserList();
   }
   

3. 接口实现类(由原来的UserDaoImpl转变为一个Mapper.xml配置文件)；

   注意：最好是将上面的Dao接口的接口名与Mapper.xml配置文件名设置一样，并且位于同一包下

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
   <!DOCTYPE mapper
           PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
           "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
   <!--namespace绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
   <mapper namespace="com.beyond.dao.UserDao">
       <!--查询语句：
       id：对应namespace中的方法名；
       resultType：sql语句执行的返回值；
       parameterType：参数类型
       -->
       <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.beyond.pojo.User">
       select * from mybatis.user
       </select>
   </mapper>
   

4、junit测试

import com.beyond.pojo.User;
import com.beyond.utils.MyBatisUtil;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //1、获得SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession= MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
        //2、执行SQL
        //方式一：getMapper
        UserDao userDao=sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        List<User> userList= userDao.getUserList();
        for (User user:userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        //关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

注意报错：

org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Type interface com.beyond.dao.UserDao is not known to the MapperRegistry.

解决方法：

<!--每一个Mapper.xml都需要在MyBatis核心配置文件中注册-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com.beyond.dao.UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>

//然后又会报一个错误
Caused by: java.io.IOException: Could not find resource com/beyond/dao/UserMapper.xml

这是因为maven由于它的约定大于配置，我们之后可能遇到我们写的配置文件，无法被导出或者生效的问题，解决方案：

<!--在build中配置resources,来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>