对4个局部区域的红色像素画矩形（ROI区域）

        由于我们一般画矩形都是通过整个图像进行遍历，如果我们选取的ROI区域很大，这样的做法时间复杂度和空间复杂度很大。基于此考虑在大的ROI区域在四个顶点选取四个小的矩形区域从而来确定大的ROI区域：

测试文件：test.cpp

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<quickopencv.h>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;


Mat roi_select(Mat& image, Point sp, Point ep) {
	int dx = ep.x - sp.x;
	int dy = ep.y - sp.y;
	Rect box(sp.x, sp.y, dx, dy);//ROI区域大小
	Mat new_img = image(box);
	/*QuickDemo qd;
	Mat ROI_his = qd.histogram_grayImage(new_img);
	namedWindow("ROI_his", WINDOW_FREERATIO);
	imshow("ROI_his", ROI_his);*/
	return new_img;
}


int main()
{
	Mat src = imread("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Documents\\WXWork\\1688850162194623\\Cache\\File\\2021-08\\0015.bmp");
	if (src.empty())
	{
		printf("could not load image...");
		return -1;
	}
	namedWindow("input_image", WINDOW_FREERATIO);
	imshow("input_image", src);
	int height = src.rows;
	int width = src.cols;
	cv::Mat textureMat(height, width, CV_8UC3);
	std::ifstream("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Documents\\WXWork\\1688850162194623\\Cache\\File\\2021 - 08\\0015.bmp", 
		std::ios::in | std::ios::binary).read((char*)textureMat.data,width * height * 3 * sizeof(uchar));
	cv::Mat heightMat(height, width, CV_32FC1);
	std::ifstream("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Documents\\WXWork\\1688850162194623\\Cache\\File\\2021-08\\0015_13", 
		std::ios::in | std::ios::binary).read((char*)heightMat.data, width * height * sizeof(float));

	QuickDemo qd;
	Mat hist = qd.histogram_grayImage(heightMat);
	namedWindow("hist", WINDOW_FREERATIO);
	imshow("hist", hist);
	
	//left_top
	Mat new_heightMat_lefttop = roi_select(heightMat, Point(666, 1706), Point(785, 1777));
	Mat new_src_lefttop = roi_select(src, Point(666, 1706), Point(785, 1777));

	//left_bottom
	Mat new_heightMat_leftbot = roi_select(heightMat, Point(666, 2926), Point(785, 2997));
	Mat new_src_leftbot = roi_select(src, Point(666, 2926), Point(785, 2997));

	//right_bottom
	Mat new_heightMat_rightbot = roi_select(heightMat, Point(1911, 2926), Point(2030, 2997));
	Mat new_src_rightbot = roi_select(src, Point(1911, 2926), Point(2030, 2997));

	//right_top
	Mat new_heightMat_righttop = roi_select(heightMat, Point(1911, 1706), Point(2030, 1777));
	Mat new_src_righttop = roi_select(src, Point(1911, 1706), Point(2030, 1777));

	//掩模
	qd.image_mask(new_src_lefttop, new_heightMat_lefttop);

	qd.image_mask(new_src_leftbot, new_heightMat_leftbot);
	qd.image_mask(new_src_righttop, new_heightMat_righttop);
	qd.image_mask(new_src_rightbot, new_heightMat_rightbot);
	qd.image_mask(new_src_rightbot, new_heightMat_rightbot);

	namedWindow("形态学操作前", WINDOW_FREERATIO);
	imshow("形态学操作前", src);
	qd.elementsizechange_close_demo(src);
	qd.draw_interset(src);
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

cpp的函数：

void QuickDemo::image_mask(Mat& image, Mat& heightMat)
{
	Mat dst;
	cvtColor(image, dst, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
	int h_height = heightMat.rows;
	int h_width = heightMat.cols;

	//mask
	for (int row = 0; row < h_height; row++)
	{
		for (int col = 0; col < h_width; col++)
		{
			if (heightMat.at<float>(row, col) > 1000)//高度大于1000
			{
				image.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = 0;
				image.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = 0;
				image.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = 255;
			}
		}

	}
}

形态学操作：

void QuickDemo::elementsizechange_close_demo(Mat& image) {
	//闭操作
	Mat dst;
	int elementsize = 4;
	Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(elementsize * 2 + 1, elementsize * 2 + 1));
	morphologyEx(image, dst, MORPH_CLOSE, kernel);
	namedWindow("形态学操作以后", WINDOW_FREERATIO);
	imshow("形态学操作以后", dst);
}

 下面代码是：对于图片中的红色区域画一个最小矩形把红色区域包围。

void QuickDemo::draw_interset(Mat &image_add)
{
	int h = image_add.rows; // 原图高
	int w = image_add.cols; // 原图宽
	vector<Point> points; // 设置容器，用来存储坐标
	for (int row = 0; row < h; row++) {
		for (int col = 0; col < w; col++) {
			if (image_add.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] == 0 &&
				image_add.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] == 0 &&
				image_add.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] == 255) {
				// 查找符合要求的像素点
				Point midPoint;
				midPoint.x = col;
				midPoint.y = row;
				points.push_back(midPoint);
			}
		}
	}
	Rect rect = boundingRect(points);
	rectangle(image_add, rect, Scalar(0, 0, 255), 4, 8);
	namedWindow("add_mask", WINDOW_FREERATIO);
	imshow("add_mask", image_add);
}

 原始图像

高度直方图

 ROI的四个顶点区域

通过四个顶点画ROI区域