一、广播发送者&广播接收者介绍
1.广播接收者
广播接收者简单地说就是接收广播意图的Java类,此Java类继承BroadcastReceiver类,重写:
public void onReceive(Context context,Intent intent),其中intent可以获得传递的数据;
广播意图就是通过Context.sendBroadcast(Intent intent)或Context.sendOrderedBroadcast(Intent intent)发送的意图,通过这个语句,能够广播给所有满足条件的组件,比如intent设置了action="com.xiazdong",则所有在AndroidManifest.xml中设置过<action android:name="com.xiazdong"/>的广播接收者都能够接收到广播;
2.广播发送者
通常广播发送方就是调用Context.sendBroadcast()的程序,而广播接收者就是继承BroadcastReceiver的程序;
通常广播发送方都是通过隐式意图,这样才能发送给多人;
广播发送方分为普通广播和有序广播;
同步广播:发送方发出后,几乎同时到达多个广播接收者处,某个接收者不能接收到广播后进行一番处理后传给下一个接收者,并且无法终止广播继续传播;Context.sendBroadcast(intent);
有序广播:广播接收者需要提前设置优先级,优先级高的先接收到广播,优先级数值为-1000~1000,在AndroidManifest.xml的<intent-filter android:priority="xxx">设置;比如存在3个广播接收者A、B、C,优先级A>B>C,因此A最先收到广播,当A收到广播后,可以向广播中添加一些数据给下一个接收者(intent.putExtra()),或者终止广播(abortBroadcast());Context.sendOrderedBroadcast(intent);
二、广播接收者核心代码
同步广播发送方核心代码:
1 | Intent intent = new Intent(); |
2 | intent.setAction( "..." ); |
3 | Context.sendBroadcast(intent); |
有序广播发送方核心代码:
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction("...");
Context.sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null);
广播接收者核心代码:
1 | public class Receiver extends BroadcastReceiver{ |
2 | public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { |
3 | Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras(); |
AndroidManifest.xml
<application>
<receiver android:name=".Receiver">
<intent-filter android:priority="1000">
<action android:name="com.xiazdong"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
</application>
三、广播实例
1.同步广播实例
场景说明:
(1)广播发送者:
01 | package com.xiazdong.broadcastsender; |
03 | import android.app.Activity; |
04 | import android.content.Intent; |
05 | import android.os.Bundle; |
06 | import android.view.View; |
07 | import android.view.View.OnClickListener; |
08 | import android.widget.Button; |
09 | import android.widget.Toast; |
11 | public class MainActivity extends Activity { |
12 | private Button button; |
13 | private OnClickListener listener = new OnClickListener(){ |
15 | public void onClick(View v) { |
16 | Intent intent = new Intent(); |
17 | intent.setAction( "com.xiazdong" ); |
18 | intent.putExtra( "name" , "xiazdong" ); |
19 | MainActivity. this .sendBroadcast(intent); |
20 | Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "发送广播成功" , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); |
24 | public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { |
25 | super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); |
26 | setContentView(R.layout.main); |
27 | button = (Button) this .findViewById(R.id.button); |
28 | button.setOnClickListener(listener); |
(2)广播接收者
01 | package com.xiazdong.broadcastreceiver1; |
03 | import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; |
04 | import android.content.Context; |
05 | import android.content.Intent; |
06 | import android.util.Log; |
08 | public class Receiver extends BroadcastReceiver { |
11 | public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { |
12 | String name = intent.getExtras().getString( "name" ); |
13 | Log.i( "Recevier1" , "接收到:" +name); |
AndroidManifest.xml
1 | <receiver android:name= ".Receiver" > |
3 | <action android:name= "com.xiazdong" /> |
结果:
2.有序广播实例
场景说明:
(1)广播发送者
01 | package com.xiazdong.broadcastsender; |
03 | import android.app.Activity; |
04 | import android.content.Intent; |
05 | import android.os.Bundle; |
06 | import android.view.View; |
07 | import android.view.View.OnClickListener; |
08 | import android.widget.Button; |
09 | import android.widget.Toast; |
11 | public class MainActivity extends Activity { |
12 | private Button button; |
13 | private OnClickListener listener = new OnClickListener(){ |
15 | public void onClick(View v) { |
16 | Intent intent = new Intent(); |
17 | intent.setAction( "com.xiazdong" ); |
18 | intent.putExtra( "name" , "xiazdong" ); |
19 | MainActivity. this .sendOrderedBroadcast(intent, null ); |
20 | Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "发送广播成功" , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); |
24 | public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { |
25 | super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); |
26 | setContentView(R.layout.main); |
27 | button = (Button) this .findViewById(R.id.button); |
28 | button.setOnClickListener(listener); |
(2)广播接收者
Receiver1
01 | package com.xiazdong.broadcastreceiver1; |
03 | import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; |
04 | import android.content.Context; |
05 | import android.content.Intent; |
06 | import android.util.Log; |
08 | public class Receiver extends BroadcastReceiver { |
11 | public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { |
12 | String name = intent.getExtras().getString( "name" ); |
13 | Log.i( "Recevier1" , "接收到:" +name); |
AndroidManifest.xml
<receiver android:name=".Receiver">
<intent-filter android:priority="1000"> <!-- 设置最高优先级 -->
<action android:name="com.xiazdong"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>