8、Spring Cloud Zuul

1.Zuul简介

  Zuul包含了对请求的路由和过滤两个最主要的功能。

  路由功能负责将外部请求转发到具体的微服务实例上，是实现外部访问统一入口的基础。

  过滤器功能则负责对请求的处理过程进行干预，是实现请求校验、服务聚合等功能的基础。

  Zuul和Eureka进行整合，将Zuul自身注册为Eureka服务治理下的应用，同时从Eureka中获得其他微服务的消息，也即以后的访问微服务都是通过Zuul跳转后获得。

  注：Zuul服务最终还是会注册进Eureka

  Zuul提供代理、路由、过滤三大功能。

https://github.com/Netflix/zuul/wiki/Getting-Started

2.Zuul配置

 

(1).创建工程

  新建Module模块microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527

 

 

(2).配置pom

[1].修改部分

<!-- zuul路由网关 --> <dependency>     <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency>     <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> </dependency>

[2].完整部分

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">     <parent>         <artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>         <groupId>com.hosystem</groupId>         <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>     </parent>     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>       <artifactId>microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527</artifactId>     <dependencies>         <!-- zuul路由网关 -->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>         </dependency>         <!-- actuator监控 -->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>         </dependency>         <!--  hystrix容错-->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>         </dependency>         <!-- 日常标配 -->         <dependency>             <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>             <artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>             <version>${project.version}</version>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>         </dependency>         <!-- 热部署插件 -->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>             <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>         </dependency>         <dependency>             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>             <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>         </dependency>     </dependencies>   </project>

(3).applicaiton.yml

server:   port: 9527   spring:   application:     name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway   eureka:   client:     service-url:       defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka     instance:     instance-id: gateway-9527.com     prefer-ip-address: true     info:   app.name: hosystem-microcloud   company.name: www.hosystem.com   build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$   build.version: $project.version$

(4).修改hosts

127.0.0.1  myzuul.com

 

(5).主启动类

  创建主启动类Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp，并添加注解@EnableZuulProxy.

package com.hosystem.springcloud;   import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;   @SpringBootApplication @EnableZuulProxy public class Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp {     public static void main(String[] args)     {         SpringApplication.run(Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp.class, args);     } }

(6).启动项目

[1].启动eureka7001、eureka7002、eureka7003

  启动microservicecloud-eureka-7001、microservicecloud-eureka-7002、microservicecloud-eureka-7003

 

[2].启动provider8001

  启动microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001

 

[3].启动zuul9527

  启动microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527

 

(7).测试

[1].未启用路由

http://localhost:8001/dept/get/2

 

[2].启动路由

http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2

 

3.Zuul路由访问映射规则

 

(1).修改application.yml

  修改部分：

zuul:   routes:     mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept     mydept.path: /mydept/**

  完整部分：

server:   port: 9527   spring:   application:     name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway   eureka:   client:     service-url:       defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka   instance:     instance-id: gateway-9527.com     prefer-ip-address: true   zuul:   routes:     mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept     mydept.path: /mydept/**   info:   app.name: hosystem-microcloud   company.name: www.hosystem.com   build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$   build.version: $project.version$

  访问效果

#之前访问的时候通过'microservicecloud-dept‘ http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2   #之后访问的时候通过'mydept' http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1

  出现的问题，通过'microservicecloud-dept‘或者'mydept'都可以访问。如何限制只允许'mydept'访问，而'microservicecloud-dept'访问失败呢？具体解决方法如下，

#解决单个的时候指定具体的servideId #如果想要解决多个的时候可以使用   "*" zuul:   ignored-services: microservicecloud-dept   routes:     mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept     mydept.path: /mydept/**

 

  统一公共前缀

zuul:   prefix: /hosystem   ignored-services: "*"   routes:     mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept     mydept.path: /mydept/**

 

  完整的applicaiton.yml文件

server:   port: 9527   spring:   application:     name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway   eureka:   client:     service-url:       defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka   instance:     instance-id: gateway-9527.com     prefer-ip-address: true   zuul:   prefix: /hosystem   ignored-services: "*"   routes:     mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept     mydept.path: /mydept/**   info:   app.name: hosystem-microcloud   company.name: www.hosystem.com   build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$   build.version: $project.version$

参考文档：

https://github.com/Netflix/zuul/wiki/Getting-Started