ABAP--如何快速从BSEG读取数据

由于bseg表很大，而且表的索引字段是：

BUKRS - Company Code

BELNR - Accounting Document Number

GJAHR - Fiscal Year

BUZEI - Line Item Number

 访问此表最佳的是包含所有的索引字段，但在实际应用是很少能达到的。但要有好的性能根据经验必须要有公司和凭证号作为查询条件。为了达到这一点，我可以根据条件不同而使用不同ｓａｐ的其他表，先查出公司和凭证号，再去读取ＢＳＥＧ表。

代码如下：

注意：该程序包含了各种条件的查询，程序员可以根据自己应用需求选择对应一个的子程序来读取公司和凭证号。

REPORT ztest_select.

* Tables ***************************************************************

TABLES: bkpf, bseg,

   covp, csks,

   glpca,

   bsis, bsas, bsid, bsad, bsik, bsak,

   ekbe, aufk,

   vbfa, vbak,

   vapma,

   fmifiit,

   payr.

* Global Data **********************************************************

TYPES: BEGIN OF doc,

   bukrs TYPE bseg-bukrs,

   belnr TYPE bseg-belnr,

   gjahr TYPE bseg-gjahr,

   buzei TYPE bseg-buzei,

END   OF doc.

DATA: doc_int  TYPE TABLE OF doc,

doc_wa   TYPE  doc,

w_repid  TYPE sy-repid VALUE sy-repid,

no_lines TYPE sy-tabix.

* Selection Screen *****************************************************

PARAMETERS: p_gjahr TYPE covp-refgj OBLIGATORY.

SELECTION-SCREEN SKIP.

PARAMETERS: p_kokrs TYPE csks-kokrs OBLIGATORY,

  p_kostl TYPE csks-kostl,

  p_prctr TYPE glpca-rprctr,

  p_aufnr TYPE aufk-aufnr.

SELECTION-SCREEN SKIP.

PARAMETERS: p_bukrs TYPE bsis-bukrs OBLIGATORY,

  p_budat TYPE bkpf-budat,

  p_ebeln TYPE ekko-ebeln,

  p_hkont TYPE bsis-hkont,

  p_lifnr TYPE bsik-lifnr,

  p_kunnr TYPE bsid-kunnr.

SELECTION-SCREEN SKIP.

PARAMETERS: p_vbeln TYPE vbak-vbeln.

SELECTION-SCREEN SKIP.

PARAMETERS: p_matnr TYPE vapma-matnr.

SELECTION-SCREEN SKIP.

PARAMETERS: p_fikrs TYPE fmifiit-fikrs,

  p_fistl TYPE fmifiit-fistl,

  p_fonds TYPE fmifiit-fonds.

SELECTION-SCREEN ULINE.

PARAMETERS: p_hbkid TYPE payr-hbkid,

  p_hktid TYPE payr-hktid,

  p_rzawe TYPE payr-rzawe,

  p_chect TYPE payr-chect.

START-OF-SELECTION.

* Retrieve document numbers based on different requirements

* Posting Date　(用日期做查询条件)

  PERFORM posting_date_actuals

USING p_bukrs

  p_budat.

* Cost Center

  PERFORM cost_center_actuals

USING p_kokrs

  p_kostl

  p_gjahr.

* GL Account

  PERFORM gl_actuals

USING p_bukrs

  p_hkont

  p_gjahr.

* Vendor

  PERFORM vendor_actuals

USING p_bukrs

  p_lifnr

  p_gjahr.

* Customer

  PERFORM customer_actuals

USING p_bukrs

  p_kunnr

  p_gjahr.

* Purchase Order

  PERFORM po_actuals

USING p_ebeln.

* Sales Order

  PERFORM so_actuals

USING p_vbeln.

* Order

  PERFORM order_actuals

USING p_aufnr

  p_gjahr.

* Fund/Fund Center

  PERFORM fm_actuals

USING p_fikrs

  p_gjahr

  p_fistl

  p_fonds.

* Profit Center

  PERFORM profit_center_actuals

USING p_kokrs

  p_prctr

  p_gjahr.

* Material

  PERFORM material_actuals

USING p_matnr

  p_gjahr.

* Cheque number

  PERFORM cheque_actuals

USING p_hbkid

  p_hktid

  p_chect.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form  posting_date_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*  Use one of the secondary indices of BKPF to retrieve the

* document number

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM posting_date_actuals

  USING bukrs

budat.

  DATA: disp_date(10).

  CHECK NOT budat IS INITIAL.

* Uses index BKPF~2 (4.7)

  SELECT bukrs belnr gjahr

INTO TABLE doc_int

UP TO 100 ROWS

FROM bkpf

WHERE bukrs = bukrs  AND

* Normally, you would probably only want normal documents, that is

* documents with BSTAT = ' '. So you would change the next line.

* On the other hand, you might want documents for all values of BSTAT,

* but not want to hardcode the values. In that case, you can retrieve

* values from the domain of BSTAT and put them in a range table and

* use the range table in the next line.

  bstat IN (' ', 'A', 'B', 'D', 'M', 'S', 'V', 'W', 'Z') AND

  budat = budat.

  CHECK sy-subrc = 0.

  WRITE budat TO disp_date.

  PERFORM display_documents

TABLES doc_int

USING 'Posting date'

  disp_date

  space

  space.

ENDFORM.  " posting_date_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form  cost_center_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*  Retrieve documents for a cost center

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM cost_center_actuals

  USING kokrs

kostl

gjahr.

  DATA: covp_int TYPE TABLE OF covp,

   disp_cc(10).

  CHECK NOT kostl IS INITIAL.

* Uses primary index (4.7)

  SELECT SINGLE objnr

FROM csks

INTO csks-objnr

WHERE kokrs = kokrs

AND kostl = kostl.

  CHECK sy-subrc = 0.

* COVP is a view. This uses index COEP~1 (4.7)

  SELECT refbk refbn refgj refbz

FROM covp

INTO TABLE doc_int

UP TO 100 ROWS

WHERE lednr = '00'

AND objnr = csks-objnr

AND gjahr = gjahr

AND wrttp IN ('04', '11')

AND versn = '000'.

  CHECK sy-subrc = 0.

  CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'

EXPORTING

input  = kostl

IMPORTING

output = disp_cc.

  PERFORM display_documents

TABLES doc_int

USING 'Cost Center'

  disp_cc

  space

  space.

ENDFORM.  " cost_center_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form  gl_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*  BKPF and BSEG have a number of secondary index tables. These are

*  tables that are indexed by GL customer or vendor number and have

*  data that is in both BKPF and BSEG. These secondary index tables

*  that have an 'i' in the third character of the name contain open

*  items. Those with an 'a' contain cleared items. In practice, you

*  may only one or the other. In this program I am retrieving both.

*

*  Here we get documents related to a GL.

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM gl_actuals

  USING    bukrs

hkont

gjahr.

  DATA: disp_gl(10).

  CHECK NOT hkont IS INITIAL.

* Uses primary index (4.7)

  SELECT bukrs belnr gjahr buzei

FROM bsis

INTO TABLE doc_int

UP TO 100 ROWS

WHERE bukrs = bukrs

AND hkont = hkont

AND gjahr = gjahr.

* Uses primary index (4.7)

  SELECT bukrs belnr gjahr buzei

FROM bsas

APPENDING TABLE doc_int

UP TO 100 ROWS

WHERE bukrs = bukrs

AND hkont = hkont

AND gjahr = gjahr.

  DESCRIBE TABLE doc_int LINES no_lines.

  CHECK no_lines > 0.

  CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'

EXPORTING

input  = hkont

IMPORTING

output = disp_gl.

  PERFORM display_documents

TABLES doc_int

USING 'GL Account'

  disp_gl

  space

  space.

ENDFORM.  " gl_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form  vendor_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*  Here we get documents related to a vendor.

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM vendor_actuals

  USING bukrs

lifnr

gjahr.

  DATA: disp_vendor(10).

  CHECK NOT lifnr IS INITIAL.

* Uses primary index (4.7)

  SELECT bukrs belnr gjahr buzei

FROM bsik

INTO TABLE doc_int

UP TO 100 ROWS

WHERE bukrs = bukrs

AND lifnr = lifnr

AND gjahr = gjahr.

* Uses primary index (4.7)

  SELECT bukrs belnr gjahr buzei

FROM bsak

APPENDING TABLE doc_int

UP TO 100 ROWS

WHERE bukrs = bukrs

AND lifnr = lifnr

AND gjahr = gjahr.

  DESCRIBE TABLE doc_int LINES no_lines.

  CHECK no_lines > 0.

  CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'

EXPORTING

input  = lifnr

IMPORTING

output = disp_vendor.

  PERFORM display_documents

TABLES doc_int

USING 'Vendor'

  disp_vendor

  space

  space.

 

ENDFORM.  " vendor_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form  customer_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*  Here we get documents related to a customer.

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM customer_actuals

  USING  bukrs

kunnr

gjahr.

  DATA: disp_customer(10).

  CHECK NOT kunnr IS INITIAL.

* Uses primary index (4.7)

  SELECT bukrs belnr gjahr buzei

FROM bsid

INTO TABLE doc_int

UP TO 100 ROWS

WHERE bukrs = bukrs

AND kunnr = kunnr

AND gjahr = gjahr.

* Uses primary index (4.7)

  SELECT bukrs belnr gjahr buzei

FROM bsad

APPENDING TABLE doc_int

UP TO 100 ROWS

WHERE bukrs = bukrs

AND kunnr = kunnr

AND gjahr = gjahr.

  DESCRIBE TABLE doc_int LINES no_lines.

  CHECK no_lines > 0.

  CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'

EXPORTING

input  = kunnr

IMPORTING

output = disp_customer.

  PERFORM display_documents

TABLES doc_int

USING 'Customer'

  disp_customer

  space

  space.

ENDFORM.  " customer_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form  po_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*  Table BKPF has a useful index on AWTYP and AWKEY. Here, we use

*  this to retrieve documents for purchase orders.

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM po_actuals

  USING ebeln.

  TYPES: BEGIN OF ekbe_type,

belnr TYPE ekbe-belnr,

gjahr TYPE ekbe-gjahr,

  vgabe TYPE ekbe-vgabe,

END   OF ekbe_type.

  DATA: ekbe_int TYPE TABLE OF ekbe_type,

   ekbe_wa  TYPE  ekbe_type.

  DATA: v_reference TYPE bkpf-awtyp, "Reference procedure

   v_objectkey TYPE bkpf-awkey. "Object key

  DATA:disp_po(10).

  CHECK NOT ebeln IS INITIAL.

* Uses primary index (4.7)

  SELECT belnr gjahr

FROM ekbe

INTO TABLE ekbe_int

UP TO 100 ROWS

WHERE ebeln = ebeln

AND vgabe IN ('1', '2').  "1 - GR, 2 - IR

  CHECK sy-subrc = 0.

  SORT ekbe_int.

  DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM ekbe_int.

  LOOP AT ekbe_int INTO ekbe_wa.

v_objectkey+00(10) = ekbe_wa-belnr.

v_objectkey+10(10) = ekbe_wa-gjahr.   "BELNR+YEAR

IF ekbe_wa-vgabe = '1'.

v_reference = 'MKPF'.

ELSE.

v_reference = 'RMRP'.

ENDIF.

* Uses index BKPF~4 (4.7)

SELECT SINGLE bukrs belnr gjahr  "Accounting Doc Header

FROM bkpf

INTO doc_wa

WHERE awtyp =  v_reference

   AND awkey =  v_objectkey.

IF sy-subrc = 0.

APPEND doc_wa TO doc_int.

ENDIF.

  ENDLOOP.

  CHECK no_lines > 0.

  CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'

EXPORTING

input  = ebeln

IMPORTING

output = disp_po.

  PERFORM display_documents

TABLES doc_int

USING 'Purchase Order'

  disp_po

  space

  space.

ENDFORM.  " po_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form  so_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*  Use AWTYP and AWKEY to retrieve documents related to sales

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM so_actuals  USING vbeln.

  TYPES: BEGIN OF vbfa_type,

vbeln TYPE vbfa-vbeln,

END   OF vbfa_type.

  DATA: vbfa_int TYPE TABLE OF vbfa_type,

   vbfa_wa  TYPE  vbfa_type.

  DATA: v_reference TYPE bkpf-awtyp, "Reference procedure

   v_objectkey TYPE bkpf-awkey. "Object key

  DATA:disp_so(10).

  CHECK NOT vbeln IS INITIAL.

* Uses primary index (4.7)

  SELECT vbeln

FROM vbfa

    INTO TABLE vbfa_int

UP TO 100 ROWS

WHERE vbelv   = vbeln

AND vbtyp_n = 'P'. "Debit memo

  CHECK sy-subrc = 0.

  SORT vbfa_int.

  DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM vbfa_int.

  LOOP AT vbfa_int INTO vbfa_wa.

v_objectkey+00(10) = vbfa_wa-vbeln. "BELNR

v_reference   = 'VBRK'.

* Uses index BKPF~4 (4.7)

SELECT SINGLE bukrs belnr gjahr  "Accounting Doc Header

FROM bkpf

INTO doc_wa

WHERE awtyp =  v_reference

   AND awkey =  v_objectkey.

IF sy-subrc = 0.

APPEND doc_wa TO doc_int.

ENDIF.

  ENDLOOP.

  DESCRIBE TABLE doc_int LINES no_lines.

  CHECK no_lines > 0.

  CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'

EXPORTING

input  = vbeln

IMPORTING

output = disp_so.

  PERFORM display_documents

TABLES doc_int

USING 'Sales Document'

  disp_so

  space

  space.

ENDFORM.  " so_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form  order_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*  Retrieve documents related to an order

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM order_actuals

  USING aufnr

gjahr.

  DATA: disp_order(10).

  CHECK NOT aufnr IS INITIAL.

* Uses primary index (4.7)

  SELECT SINGLE objnr

FROM aufk

INTO aufk-objnr

WHERE aufnr = aufnr.

  CHECK sy-subrc = 0.

* COVP is a view. This uses index COEP~1 (4.7)

  SELECT refbk refbn refgj refbz

FROM covp

INTO TABLE doc_int

UP TO 100 ROWS

WHERE lednr = '00'

AND objnr = aufk-objnr

AND gjahr = gjahr

AND wrttp IN ('04', '11')

AND versn = '000'.

  CHECK sy-subrc = 0.

  CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'

EXPORTING

input  = aufnr

IMPORTING

output = disp_order.

  PERFORM display_documents

TABLES doc_int

USING 'Order'

  disp_order

  space

  space.

ENDFORM.  " order_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form  FM_actuals

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*  Not many institutions use Funds Management, but if you do, this

*  is how to relate funds management documents to FI documents.

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM fm_actuals

  USING fikrs

gjahr

fistl

fonds.

  DATA: disp_cfc(10),

   disp_fund(10).

  CHECK NOT fikrs IS INITIAL AND

   NOT fistl IS INITIAL.

* Uses index FMIFIIT~3 (4.7)

  SELECT bukrs knbelnr kngjahr knbuzei

FROM  fmifiit

INTO TABLE doc_int

UP TO 100 ROWS

WHERE  fistl  = fistl

AND fonds  = fonds.

  CHECK sy-subrc = 0.

  CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'

EXPORTING

input  = fistl

IMPORTING

output = disp_cfc.

  IF NOT fonds IS INITIAL.

CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'

EXPORTING

   input  = fonds

IMPORTING

   output = disp_fund.

  ENDIF.

  PERFORM display_documents

TABLES doc_int

USING 'Fund Center'

  disp_cfc

  'Fund'

  disp_fund.

ENDFORM.  " FM_actuals