Netty 简单样例分析(io传输的框架)

 

http://linugb118.blog.51cto.com/272628/420738

messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageEvent e) {
        // Server is supposed to send nothing.  Therefore, do nothing.
    }
  可以看到Discard client不需要接受任何信息
 
3.连接server
ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.connect(new InetSocketAddress(host, port));

这里解释一下channelFuture：

在Netty中所有的io操作都是异步的，这也就是意味任何io访问，那么就立即返回处理，并且不能确保
返回的数据全部完成。因此就出现了channelFuture，channelFuture在传输数据时候包括数据和状态两个
部分。他只有Uncompleted和Completed

 
 *                                      +---------------------------+
 *                                      | Completed successfully    |
 *                                      +---------------------------+
 *                                 +---->      isDone() = <b>true</b>      |
 * +--------------------------+    |    |   isSuccess() = <b>true</b>      |
 * |        Uncompleted       |    |    +===========================+
 * +--------------------------+    |    | Completed with failure    |
 * |      isDone() = <b>false</b>    |    |    +---------------------------+
 * |   isSuccess() = false    |----+---->   isDone() = <b>true</b>         |
 * | isCancelled() = false    |    |    | getCause() = <b>non-null</b>     |
 * |    getCause() = null     |    |    +===========================+
 * +--------------------------+    |    | Completed by cancellation |
 *                                 |    +---------------------------+
 *                                 +---->      isDone() = <b>true</b>      |
 *                                      | isCancelled() = <b>true</b>      |
 *                                      +---------------------------+
 
 既然netty io是异步的，那么如何知道channel传送完成有两种方式，一种添加监听器
 addListener(ChannelFutureListener) 还有一种直接调用await()方法，这两种方式
 有下面的区别
 监听器：是以事件模式的，因此代码就需要用事件模式的样式去写，相当复杂，但他是non-blocking模式的
 性能方面要比await方法好，而且不会产生死锁情况
 
 await(): 直接方法调用，使用简单，但是他是blocking模式，性能方面要弱而且会产生死锁情况
 
 不要在ChannelHandler 里面调用await(),这是因为通常在channelHandler里的event method是被i/o线程调用的
 （除非ChannelPipeline里面有个ExecutionHandler），那么如果这个时候用await就容易产生死锁。
 
 错误样例：
 // BAD - NEVER DO THIS
 * {@code @Override}
 * public void messageReceived({@link ChannelHandlerContext} ctx, {@link MessageEvent} e) {
 *     if (e.getMessage() instanceof GoodByeMessage) {
 *         {@link ChannelFuture} future = e.getChannel().close();
 *         future.awaitUninterruptibly();
 *         // Perform post-closure operation
 *         // ...
 *     }
 * }
 *
 正确样例：
 * // GOOD
 * {@code @Override}
 * public void messageReceived({@link ChannelHandlerContext} ctx, {@link MessageEvent} e) {
 *     if (e.getMessage() instanceof GoodByeMessage) {
 *         {@link ChannelFuture} future = e.getChannel().close();
 *         future.addListener(new {@link ChannelFutureListener}() {
 *             public void operationComplete({@link ChannelFuture} future) {
 *                 // Perform post-closure operation
 *                 // ...
 *             }
 *         });
 *     }
 * }
 
 虽然await调用比较危险，但是你确保不是在一个i/o 线程中调用该方法，毕竟await方法还是很简洁方便的，如果
 调用该方法是在一个i/o 线程，那么就会抛出 IllegalStateException
 
 await的timeout和i/o timeout区别
 需要注意的是这两个timeout是不一样的， #await(long)，#await(long, TimeUnit), #awaitUninterruptibly(long),
 #awaitUninterruptibly(long, TimeUnit) 这里面的timeout也i/o timeout 没有任何关系，如果io timeout，那么
 channelFuture 将被标记为completed with failure，而await的timeout 与future完全没有关系，只是await动作的
 timeout。
 错误代码
  * // BAD - NEVER DO THIS
 * {@link ClientBootstrap} b = ...;
 * {@link ChannelFuture} f = b.connect(...);
 * f.awaitUninterruptibly(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
 * if (f.isCancelled()) {
 *     // Connection attempt cancelled by user
 * } else if (!f.isSuccess()) {
 *     // You might get a NullPointerException here because the future
 *     // might not be completed yet.
 *     f.getCause().printStackTrace();
 * } else {
 *     // Connection established successfully
 * }
 *
 正确代码
 * // GOOD
 * {@link ClientBootstrap} b = ...;
 * // Configure the connect timeout option.
 * <b>b.setOption("connectTimeoutMillis", 10000);</b>
 * {@link ChannelFuture} f = b.connect(...);
 * f.awaitUninterruptibly();
 *
 * // Now we are sure the future is completed.
 * assert f.isDone();
 *
 * if (f.isCancelled()) {
 *     // Connection attempt cancelled by user
 * } else if (!f.isSuccess()) {
 *     f.getCause().printStackTrace();
 * } else {
 *     // Connection established successfully
 * }
 
4.等待或监听数据全部完成
如： future.getChannel().getCloseFuture().awaitUninterruptibly();

5.释放连接等资源
 bootstrap.releaseExternalResources();
 
Server：
1.配置server

ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(
                new NioServerSocketChannelFactory(
                        Executors.newCachedThreadPool(),
                        Executors.newCachedThreadPool()));
                       
2.设置pipeFactory
        bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new ChannelPipelineFactory() {
            public ChannelPipeline getPipeline() throws Exception {
                return Channels.pipeline(new EchoServerHandler());
            }
        });
    或者
   bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new HttpServerPipelineFactory());
  
3.绑定sever端端口
bootstrap.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8080));