ASP.NET 2.0包含一个新的客户端回调功能,可以提取页面值,并把它们填充到已生成的页面上,而无须重新生成页面。所有不需要绘制全部页面。终端客户不会看到页面闪烁和重定位,页面流更类似于胖客户应用程序的流。
一个完整的回调包含以下几个过程:
1.客户端发出回调请求;
2.服务器端接收客户端回调请求;
3.服务器端处理请求并回发请求给客户端;
4.客户端接收服务器的返回结果并更新HTML。
一、服务器端代码:
处理回调的Web页面的Page类需实现System.Web.UI.ICallBackEventHandler接口。该接口要求实现两个方法:RaiseCallbackEvent和GetCallbackResult。这两个方法都处理客户端脚本的请求。
1.RaiseCallbackEvent方法:该方法含一个string类型的传入参数,可用于接收客户端脚本的回调参数
2.GetCallbackResult方法:该方法返回一个string类型(只能是string类型)的数据给客户端脚本
除了实现ICallBackEventHandler接口外,处理回调页面的Page类还需负责客户端回调脚本的管理:指明哪个JS函数发送回调请求、哪个JS函数接收回调数据。
二、客户端代码:客户端脚本则比较简单了,只需要实现接收回调结果的JS方法(这里是ReceiveDataFromServer)就OK了。
三、练手代码:用回调或去服务器端的时间(12和24小时制)
Default.aspx.cs:
Default.aspx:
注意:这里描述的回调功能使用了XmlHTTP,所以客户浏览器必须支持XmlHTTP(IE和FireFox支持这个功能)。
一个完整的回调包含以下几个过程:
1.客户端发出回调请求;
2.服务器端接收客户端回调请求;
3.服务器端处理请求并回发请求给客户端;
4.客户端接收服务器的返回结果并更新HTML。
一、服务器端代码:
处理回调的Web页面的Page类需实现System.Web.UI.ICallBackEventHandler接口。该接口要求实现两个方法:RaiseCallbackEvent和GetCallbackResult。这两个方法都处理客户端脚本的请求。
1.RaiseCallbackEvent方法:该方法含一个string类型的传入参数,可用于接收客户端脚本的回调参数
public
void
RaiseCallbackEvent(
string
eventArgument)
{
// some code here
}
{
// some code here
}
2.GetCallbackResult方法:该方法返回一个string类型(只能是string类型)的数据给客户端脚本
public
string
GetCallbackResult()
{
// some code here
return "";
}
{
// some code here
return "";
}
除了实现ICallBackEventHandler接口外,处理回调页面的Page类还需负责客户端回调脚本的管理:指明哪个JS函数发送回调请求、哪个JS函数接收回调数据。
protected
void
Page_Load(
object
sender, EventArgs e)
{
if ( ! IsPostBack)
{
string strRefrence = string .Empty;
strRefrence = Page.ClientScript.GetCallbackEventReference( this , " arg " , " ReceiveDataFromServer " , " context " ); // 这里ReceiveDataFromServer为客户端接收回调结果的JS方法,含一个传入参数
string strCallBack = string .Empty;
strCallBack = " function CallBackToTheServer(arg, context) { " + strRefrence + " }; " ;
Page.ClientScript.RegisterClientScriptBlock( this .GetType(), " CallBackToTheServer " , strCallBack, true ); // CallBackToTheServer,JS方法,发出回调请求
}
}
{
if ( ! IsPostBack)
{
string strRefrence = string .Empty;
strRefrence = Page.ClientScript.GetCallbackEventReference( this , " arg " , " ReceiveDataFromServer " , " context " ); // 这里ReceiveDataFromServer为客户端接收回调结果的JS方法,含一个传入参数
string strCallBack = string .Empty;
strCallBack = " function CallBackToTheServer(arg, context) { " + strRefrence + " }; " ;
Page.ClientScript.RegisterClientScriptBlock( this .GetType(), " CallBackToTheServer " , strCallBack, true ); // CallBackToTheServer,JS方法,发出回调请求
}
}
二、客户端代码:客户端脚本则比较简单了,只需要实现接收回调结果的JS方法(这里是ReceiveDataFromServer)就OK了。
function
ReceiveDataFromServer(valueReturnFromServer)
{
document.getElementById(elementId).innerHTML = valueReturnFromServer;
}
{
document.getElementById(elementId).innerHTML = valueReturnFromServer;
}
三、练手代码:用回调或去服务器端的时间(12和24小时制)
Default.aspx.cs:
using
System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page, ICallbackEventHandler
{
protected void Page_Load( object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if ( ! IsPostBack)
{
string strRefrence = string .Empty;
strRefrence = Page.ClientScript.GetCallbackEventReference( this , " arg " , " ReceiveDataFromServer " , " context " );
string strCallBack = string .Empty;
strCallBack = " function CallBackToTheServer(arg, context) { " + strRefrence + " }; " ;
Page.ClientScript.RegisterClientScriptBlock( this .GetType(), " CallBackToTheServer " , strCallBack, true );
}
}
#region ICallbackEventHandler Members
private string strTimeFormat;
public string GetCallbackResult()
{
if (strTimeFormat != "" && strTimeFormat == " 12 " )
{
return DateTime.Now.ToString( " yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss(12小时制) " );
}
else
{
return DateTime.Now.ToString( " yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss(24小时制) " );
}
}
public void RaiseCallbackEvent( string eventArgument)
{
strTimeFormat = eventArgument;
}
#endregion
}
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page, ICallbackEventHandler
{
protected void Page_Load( object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if ( ! IsPostBack)
{
string strRefrence = string .Empty;
strRefrence = Page.ClientScript.GetCallbackEventReference( this , " arg " , " ReceiveDataFromServer " , " context " );
string strCallBack = string .Empty;
strCallBack = " function CallBackToTheServer(arg, context) { " + strRefrence + " }; " ;
Page.ClientScript.RegisterClientScriptBlock( this .GetType(), " CallBackToTheServer " , strCallBack, true );
}
}
#region ICallbackEventHandler Members
private string strTimeFormat;
public string GetCallbackResult()
{
if (strTimeFormat != "" && strTimeFormat == " 12 " )
{
return DateTime.Now.ToString( " yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss(12小时制) " );
}
else
{
return DateTime.Now.ToString( " yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss(24小时制) " );
}
}
public void RaiseCallbackEvent( string eventArgument)
{
strTimeFormat = eventArgument;
}
#endregion
}
Default.aspx:
<%
@ Page Language
=
"
C#
"
AutoEventWireup
=
"
true
"
CodeFile
=
"
Default.aspx.cs
"
Inherits
=
"
_Default
"
%>
<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" >
< html xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
< head runat ="server" >
< title > CallBack </ title >
< script language ="javascript" type ="text/javascript" >
function ReceiveDataFromServer(valueReturnFromServer)
{
document.getElementById( " ServerTime " ).innerHTML = valueReturnFromServer;
}
function GetServerTime(format)
{
CallBackToTheServer(format, "" );
}
</ script >
</ head >
< body >
< form id ="form1" runat ="server" >
< div >
< asp:Button ID ="btnShow12" runat ="server" Text ="获取服务器时间(12小时制)" OnClientClick ="javascript:GetServerTime(12);return false;" />< br />
< asp:Button ID ="btnShow24" runat ="server" Text ="获取服务器时间(24小时制)" OnClientClick ="javascript:GetServerTime(24);return false;" />< br />
< br />
< span id ="ServerTime" > <% = DateTime.Now.ToString( " yyyy-MM-dd HHHH:mm:ss " ) %> </ span > </ div >
</ form >
</ body >
</ html >
<! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" >
< html xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
< head runat ="server" >
< title > CallBack </ title >
< script language ="javascript" type ="text/javascript" >
function ReceiveDataFromServer(valueReturnFromServer)
{
document.getElementById( " ServerTime " ).innerHTML = valueReturnFromServer;
}
function GetServerTime(format)
{
CallBackToTheServer(format, "" );
}
</ script >
</ head >
< body >
< form id ="form1" runat ="server" >
< div >
< asp:Button ID ="btnShow12" runat ="server" Text ="获取服务器时间(12小时制)" OnClientClick ="javascript:GetServerTime(12);return false;" />< br />
< asp:Button ID ="btnShow24" runat ="server" Text ="获取服务器时间(24小时制)" OnClientClick ="javascript:GetServerTime(24);return false;" />< br />
< br />
< span id ="ServerTime" > <% = DateTime.Now.ToString( " yyyy-MM-dd HHHH:mm:ss " ) %> </ span > </ div >
</ form >
</ body >
</ html >
注意:这里描述的回调功能使用了XmlHTTP,所以客户浏览器必须支持XmlHTTP(IE和FireFox支持这个功能)。