Json .net的用法

下面通过一个实例来展示它在项目的应用.下面的例子是通过Ajax和Json显示所有用户的列表信息.
准备: 创建一个Web项目,本应用程序是通过VS2010创建的.并添加引用Newtonsoft.Json.dll

1.首先创建一个Person对象

    /// <summary>
    /// 包含用户的基本信息
    /// </summary>
    public class Person
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取或设置用户名
        /// </summary>
        public string Name { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取或设置用户年龄
        /// </summary>
        public int Age { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取或设置用户性别
        /// </summary>
        public string Gender { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取或设置用户国籍
        /// </summary>
        public string Country { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取或设置用户电子邮箱
        /// </summary>
        public string Email { get; set; }
    }

2.创建用户操作类PersonRepository,用来对Person的操作,本例中仅仅用来获取Person对象列表

    /// <summary>
    /// 用户操作类
    /// </summary>
    public class PersonRepository
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取用户列表
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>所有用户信息</returns>
        public static List<Person> GetPersons()
        {
            List<Person> ps = new List<Person>();
            Person p1 = new Person { Name = "Tom", Age = 32, Country = "US", Gender = "Male", Email = "tom@gmail.com" };
            Person p2 = new Person { Name = "Jack", Age = 23, Country = "UK", Gender = "Male", Email = "jack@gmail.com" };
            Person p3 = new Person { Name = "Eden", Age = 25, Country = "Canada", Gender = "Female", Email = "eden@gmail.com" };
            Person p4 = new Person { Name = "Li Hua", Age = 29, Country = "China", Gender = "Male", Email = "lihui@163.com" };
            Person p5 = new Person { Name = "Lvo", Age = 40, Country = "US", Gender = "Male", Email = "lvo@gmail.com" };
            ps.Add(p1);
            ps.Add(p2);
            ps.Add(p3);
            ps.Add(p4);
            ps.Add(p5);
            return ps;
        }
    }

3.添加一个一般处理程序,我将其命名为PersonHandler.ashx,引入命名空间"using Newtonsoft.Json",修改ProcessRequest函数中的代码如下:

    /// <summary>
    /// 处理用户类的请求
    /// </summary>
    public class PersonHandler : IHttpHandler
    {

        public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
        {
            List<Person> persons = PersonRepository.GetPersons();
            string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(persons);
            context.Response.Write(json);
        }

        public bool IsReusable
        {
            get
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }

通过Json.Net来序列化对象,可以通过

string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(Object obj);

 

还可以通过JsonSerializer来实现

              JsonSerializer serializer = new JsonSerializer();
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(sb);
            JsonWriter writer = new JsonTextWriter(sw);
            serializer.Serialize(writer, persons);
            string json = sb.ToString();

这两种方式有什么联系和区别呢?
实际上,JsonConvert.SerializerObject内部就是通过JsonSerializer来实现的.

public static string SerializeObject(object value, Formatting formatting, JsonSerializerSettings settings)
{
    JsonSerializer jsonSerializer = JsonSerializer.Create(settings);
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(0x100);
    StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(sb, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
    using (JsonTextWriter jsonWriter = new JsonTextWriter(sw))
    {
        jsonWriter.Formatting = formatting;
        jsonSerializer.Serialize(jsonWriter, value);
    }
    return sw.ToString();
}

 

区别在于JsonSerializer序列化时,你可以选择用JsonWriter也可以选择TextWriter.而JsonConvert只是默认使用JsonTextWriter. 

4.添加一个Html网页,网页的内容仅仅用来显示用户的基本信息

    <div>
        <table border="1">
            <thead>
                <tr>
                 <td>
                        用户名
                    </td>
                 <td>
                        年龄
                    </td>
                 <td>
                        性别
                    </td>
                 <td>
                        国籍
                    </td>
                 <td>
                        电子邮箱
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody id="personBody">
            </tbody>
        </table>
    </div>

5.添加javascript代码,实现Ajax请求.首先要在头文件中引入JQuery

    <script src="Scripts/jquery-1.4.1.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function () {
            $.getJSON("PersonHandler.ashx", function (data, status) {
                if (status == "success") {
                    $.each(data, function (index, item) {
                        var beginTag = "<tr><td>";
                        var endTag = "</td></tr>";
                        var tag = "</td><td>";
                        $("#personBody").append($(beginTag + item.Name + tag + item.Age + tag + item.Gender + tag
                        + item.Country + tag + item.Email + endTag));
                    });
                }
            });
        });
    </script>

$.getJSON可以进行异步Ajax请求,并可以直接返回JSON对象

jQuery.getJSON(url,data,success(data,status,xhr))

 

参数说明

参数	描述
url	必需。规定将请求发送的哪个 URL。
data	可选。规定连同请求发送到服务器的数据。
success(data,status,xhr)	可选。规定当请求成功时运行的函数。 额外的参数： response - 包含来自请求的结果数据 status - 包含请求的状态 xhr - 包含 XMLHttpRequest 对象

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

运行效果: