HttpUrlConnection会话管理

用HttpURLConnection在服务器端发起HTTP Post请求的例子  

2010-01-28 20:33:17|  分类： 程序日志|举报|字号 订阅

通常情况下，http请求都是从浏览器端发起的，如提交一个表单，或点击一个链接，都会对服务器发送一个http请求。
但如果我们想在服务器发出一个http请求，如何才能做到呢，如果只是简单的http访问，java.net.URL就足够了，如：
    URL url = new URL(" http://www.baidu.com ");
    InputStream ins = url.openStream();
    //通过这个InputStream对象就可拿到返回的HTML代码


但如果我们要从服务器对远程URL发出http post访问，并且要传递一些参数，甚至还要设置某些Cookie值，那就要
借助HttpURLConnection这个类了，我们可以用URL.openConnection()方法来得到这个类的对象，具体请看下例：

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, 
            HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        
        HttpURLConnection httpConn = null;
        try {
            StringBuffer paramData = getQueryString(request);   
            String urlString = " http://localhost:8080/myweb/login.do ";
    
            URL url = new URL(urlString);
            httpConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            httpConn.setDoInput(true);
            httpConn.setDoOutput(true);
            httpConn.setRequestMethod("POST");
            httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", 
                    "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            String cookieString = getCookieString(request);
            if (cookieString.length() > 0) // 往远程URL传递Cookie值
                httpConn.setRequestProperty("Cookie", cookieString);
    
            OutputStream os = httpConn.getOutputStream();
            os.write(paramData.toString().getBytes()); // 往远程URL传递参数
            os.flush();
            os.close();
    
            int code = httpConn.getResponseCode();
            if (code == 200) { // 返回成功
                BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(
                    new InputStreamReader(httpConn.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));
                String line;
                StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
                while((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                    buffer.append(line).append("\n");
                }
            } else { // 访问失败
                //forward error page
                throw new Exception("Error occur when try to visit the url:" + 
                        url.getPath() + " using HttpURLConnection");
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            throw new Exception("Error occur execute " +
                    "HttpRemoteProxy.performImpl(), the caused by " + ex);
        } finally {
            if (httpConn != null)
                httpConn.disconnect();
        }
    }

    /*
     * 得到request所有的请求参数，并连接起来
     */
    private StringBuffer getQueryString(HttpServletRequest request) 
        throws Exception {
        
        Enumeration paramNames = request.getParameterNames();
        StringBuffer paramData = new StringBuffer();
        while (paramNames.hasMoreElements()) {
            String name = (String)paramNames.nextElement();
            String value = request.getParameter(name);
            value = URLDecoder.decode(value, "utf-8");
            paramData.append(name).append("=").append(value).append("&");
        }
        if (paramData.length() > 0) //delete the last char '&'
            paramData.deleteCharAt(paramData.length() - 1);
        return paramData;
    }

    /*
     * 得到所有的cookie，并把它们连接起来
     */
    private String getCookieString(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
            Cookie cookie = cookies ;
            String value = cookie.getValue();
            String name = cookie.getName();
            if (value != null && !value.equals("")) 
                buffer.append(name).append("=").append(value).append(";");
        }
        if (buffer.length() > 0)
            buffer.deleteCharAt(buffer.length() - 1);//delete the last char ';'
        return buffer.toString();
    }