nginx vs. Lighttpd vs. Apache 高效的web server服务器软件比较

http://leftleg.hzpub.com/post/599.htm

 

如果你在Linux下用Apache Bench (ab)测试我这个网站的话，就会发现服务器不是常见的Apache, 而是 nginx.

nginx是一个小巧而高效的Linux下的web服务器软件。开发人员 Igor Sysoev 来自俄罗斯，nginx的话其实已经在一些俄罗斯的大型网站上运行多年，相当的稳定，最近才在美国开始知名起来。

而另外一个热门的web服务器软件是Lighttpd，因为运行在Youtube的后台，所以知名度很高。Lighttpd特色在于它能做Flash streaming和对fastcgi的支持，这样对于Ruby on Rails之类的程序提速不少，比起Apache要好很多。

但是 nginx 要比 Lighttpd 更稳定，功能上并不弱于Lighttpd，差不多什么都有，而且比Lighttpd对于URL rewrite的支持更完善一点。

不管是 nginx 还是 lighttpd, 对于用来提供静态文件都要比Apache好很多很多，主要就是占用的内存小，Apache和这两个小巧的服务器软件来比实在是个庞然大物啊。

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测试报告::::::

主机环境：
电脑： PC, CPU: AMD 1800+, MEM: 728M, DISK: IDE 7200RPM 2M, 160G
系统： FreeBSD 6.1-RELEASE-p11
软件：
  Apache-2.0.59
  Lighttpd-1.4.13-1
  nginx-0.5.5

测试机：
电脑： Latop IBM T20, P3-700, MEM: 256M
系统： FreeBSD 6.2-PRERELEASE
软件： WebBench 1.5

静态网页的比较：
index.html 是apache2  自带的 index.html.en 拷贝来的。

nginx(ports install):
mybsd# webbench -c 500 -2 http://192.168.8.249:82/index.html
Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark 1.5
Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.

Benchmarking: GET http://192.168.8.249:82/index.html (using HTTP/1.1)
500 clients, running 30 sec.

Speed=429908 pages/min, 12360223 bytes/sec.
Requests: 214954 susceed, 0 failed.

lighttpd(ports install):
mybsd# webbench -c 500 -2 http://192.168.8.249:81/index.html
Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark 1.5
Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.

Benchmarking: GET http://192.168.8.249:81/index.html (using HTTP/1.1)
500 clients, running 30 sec.

Speed=429182 pages/min, 12506485 bytes/sec.
Requests: 214591 susceed, 0 failed.

apache2+worker(ports install):
mybsd# webbench -c 500 -2 http://192.168.8.249:80/index.html
Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark 1.5
Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.

Benchmarking: GET http://192.168.8.249:80/index.html (using HTTP/1.1)
500 clients, running 30 sec.

Speed=80118 pages/min, 2337701 bytes/sec.
Requests: 40059 susceed, 0 failed.

apache2+worker(ports install)
enable sendfile();
mybsd# webbench -c 500 -2 http://192.168.8.249:80/index.html
Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark 1.5
Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.

Benchmarking: GET http://192.168.8.249:80/index.html (using HTTP/1.1)
500 clients, running 30 sec.

Speed=80728 pages/min, 2355835 bytes/sec.
Requests: 40364 susceed, 0 failed.

/opt/modules/apache2(手工安装):
mybsd# webbench -c 500 -2 http://192.168.8.249:83/index.html
Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark 1.5
Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.

Benchmarking: GET http://192.168.8.249:83/index.html (using HTTP/1.1)
500 clients, running 30 sec.

Speed=95102 pages/min, 2774133 bytes/sec.
Requests: 47551 susceed, 0 failed.

/opt/modules/apache2 worker(手工安装):
mybsd# webbench -c 500 -2 http://192.168.8.249:83/index.html
Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark 1.5
Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.

Benchmarking: GET http://192.168.8.249:83/index.html (using HTTP/1.1)
500 clients, running 30 sec.

Speed=79100 pages/min, 2307692 bytes/sec.
Requests: 39550 susceed, 0 failed.


/opt/modules/apache2p prefork(手工安装):
mybsd# webbench -c 500 -2 http://192.168.8.249:84/index.html
Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark 1.5
Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.

Benchmarking: GET http://192.168.8.249:84/index.html (using HTTP/1.1)
500 clients, running 30 sec.

Speed=106000 pages/min, 3093523 bytes/sec.
Requests: 53000 susceed, 0 failed.


PHP支持比较
info.php:

phpinfo();

?>

/opt/modules/apache2 prefork(手工安装)

mybsd# webbench -c 500 -2 http://192.168.8.249:83/info.php
Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark 1.5
Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.

Benchmarking: GET http://192.168.8.249:83/info.php (using HTTP/1.1)
500 clients, running 30 sec.

Speed=13628 pages/min, 9712975 bytes/sec.
Requests: 6814 susceed, 0 failed.


nginx(proxy)+apache2(/opt/modules/apache2(手工安装))
mybsd# webbench -c 500 -2 http://192.168.8.249:82/info.php
Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark 1.5
Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.

Benchmarking: GET http://192.168.8.249:82/info.php (using HTTP/1.1)
500 clients, running 30 sec.

Speed=9954 pages/min, 7505740 bytes/sec.
Requests: 4977 susceed, 0 failed.


lighttpd(proxy)+apache2apache2(/opt/modules/apache2(手工安装))
mybsd# webbench -c 500 -2 http://192.168.8.249:81/info.php
Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark 1.5
Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.

Benchmarking: GET http://192.168.8.249:81/info.php (using HTTP/1.1)
500 clients, running 30 sec.

Speed=10150 pages/min, 7732128 bytes/sec.
Requests: 5075 susceed, 0 failed.




另外lighttpd和nginx 在fastcgi的支持中，没有明显的差异，就没有将结果记录起来。
从上面的结果来看，在静态支持中，lighttpd和nginx 是比apache优胜很多很多的。
即使Apache2+worker，在支持PHP方面，还是不太让人满意。

另外从运行时对内存、CPU开销来看，最大是Apache，Lighttpd 和 Nginx 比较接近，但是Lighttpd相比Nginx更占资源一些。

因此，如果不考虑虚拟主机安全设置的问题，Nginx无疑是最好的选择，其次是Lighttpd。