http://www.blogjava.net/176142998/archive/2008/08/13.html
一:
myeclipse 傻瓜式的完成spring和hibernate的载入;
注意需要把lib里面的asm-XX和commons-collections-XX 低版本的删除掉,因为载入spring和hibernate的时候会装在2个不一样的版本,包冲突.
记得把dwr的包放进去
数据库用mysql.
CREATE TABLE `book` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`name` varchar(11) default NULL,
`isbm` varchar(11) default NULL,
`author` varchar(11) default NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk;
id为自动增长
二:
完成上步后用hibernate的反向机制,完成数据库表的映射
如下:
AbstractBook.java
package com;
/**
* AbstractBook generated by MyEclipse Persistence Tools
*/
public abstract class AbstractBook implements java.io.Serializable {
// Fields
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String isbm;
private String author;
// Constructors
/** default constructor */
public AbstractBook() {
}
/** full constructor */
public AbstractBook(String name, String isbm, String author) {
this.name = name;
this.isbm = isbm;
this.author = author;
}
// Property accessors
public Integer getId() {
return this.id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return this.name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getIsbm() {
return this.isbm;
}
public void setIsbm(String isbm) {
this.isbm = isbm;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return this.author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
}
Book.java
package com;
// Generated by MyEclipse Persistence Tools
/**
* Book generated by MyEclipse Persistence Tools
*/
public class Book extends AbstractBook implements java.io.Serializable {
// Constructors
/** default constructor */
public Book() {
}
/** full constructor */
public Book(String name, String isbm, String author) {
super(name, isbm, author);
}
}
BookDAO.java
package com;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.hibernate.LockMode;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
/**
* Data access object (DAO) for domain model class Book.
*
* @see com.Book
* @author MyEclipse Persistence Tools
*/
public class BookDAO extends HibernateDaoSupport {
private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(BookDAO.class);
protected void initDao() {
// do nothing
}
public void save(Book transientInstance) {
log.debug("saving Book instance");
try {
getHibernateTemplate().save(transientInstance);
log.debug("save successful");
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
log.error("save failed", re);
throw re;
}
}
public void delete(Book persistentInstance) {
log.debug("deleting Book instance");
try {
getHibernateTemplate().delete(persistentInstance);
log.debug("delete successful");
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
log.error("delete failed", re);
throw re;
}
}
public Book findById(java.lang.Integer id) {
log.debug("getting Book instance with id: " + id);
try {
Book instance = (Book) getHibernateTemplate().get("com.Book", id);
return instance;
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
log.error("get failed", re);
throw re;
}
}
public List findByExample(Book instance) {
log.debug("finding Book instance by example");
try {
List results = getHibernateTemplate().findByExample(instance);
log.debug("find by example successful, result size: "
+ results.size());
return results;
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
log.error("find by example failed", re);
throw re;
}
}
public List findByProperty(String propertyName, Object value) {
log.debug("finding Book instance with property: " + propertyName
+ ", value: " + value);
try {
String queryString = "from Book as model where model."
+ propertyName + "= ?";
return getHibernateTemplate().find(queryString, value);
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
log.error("find by property name failed", re);
throw re;
}
}
public List findAll() {
log.debug("finding all Book instances");
try {
String queryString = "from Book";
return getHibernateTemplate().find(queryString);
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
log.error("find all failed", re);
throw re;
}
}
public Book merge(Book detachedInstance) {
log.debug("merging Book instance");
try {
Book result = (Book) getHibernateTemplate().merge(detachedInstance);
log.debug("merge successful");
return result;
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
log.error("merge failed", re);
throw re;
}
}
public void attachDirty(Book instance) {
log.debug("attaching dirty Book instance");
try {
getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(instance);
log.debug("attach successful");
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
log.error("attach failed", re);
throw re;
}
}
public void attachClean(Book instance) {
log.debug("attaching clean Book instance");
try {
getHibernateTemplate().lock(instance, LockMode.NONE);
log.debug("attach successful");
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
log.error("attach failed", re);
throw re;
}
}
public static BookDAO getFromApplicationContext(ApplicationContext ctx) {
return (BookDAO) ctx.getBean("BookDAO");
}
}
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>uk.ltd.getahead.dwr.DWRServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/dwr/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
Book.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse Persistence Tools
-->
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.Book" table="book" catalog="test">
<id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="id" />
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="name" length="11" />
</property>
<property name="isbm" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="isbm" length="11" />
</property>
<property name="author" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="author" length="11" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
BookManageService.java 暴露给dwr使用的接口
package com;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookManageService {
public List<Book> getAllBooks();
public List<Book> getBookByName(String name);
public void updateBook(Book book);
public void addBook(Book book);
public void deleteBook(Integer id);
}
BookManageServiceImpl.java 接口的实现类
package com;
import java.util.List;
public class BookManageServiceImpl implements BookManageService {
private BookDAO bookDAO;
public BookDAO getBookDAO() {
return bookDAO;
}
public void setBookDAO(BookDAO bookDAO) {
this.bookDAO = bookDAO;
}
public void addBook(Book book) {
System.out.println("impl:"+book);
bookDAO.save(book);
}
public void deleteBook(Integer id) {
Book book = bookDAO.findById(id);
bookDAO.delete(book);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<Book> getAllBooks() {
return bookDAO.findAll();
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<Book> getBookByName(String name) {
return bookDAO.findByProperty(name, name);
}
public void updateBook(Book book) {
bookDAO.attachDirty(book);
}
}
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName"
value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">
</property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="root"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>com/Book.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="BookDAO" class="com.BookDAO">
<property name="sessionFactory">
<ref bean="sessionFactory" />
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="bookManageServiceTarget"
class="com.BookManageServiceImpl">
<property name="bookDAO">
<ref bean="BookDAO" />
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory">
<ref bean="sessionFactory" />
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="bookManageService"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
<property name="target" ref="bookManageServiceTarget" />
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
<prop key="delete*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
<prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
<prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
dwr.xml
<!DOCTYPE dwr PUBLIC "-//GetAhead Limited//DTD Direct Web Remoting 2.0//EN" "http://getahead.org/dwr//dwr20.dtd">
<dwr>
<allow>
<convert converter="bean" match="com.Book" />
<create creator="spring" javascript="BookManageService">
<param name="beanName" value="bookManageService" />
<include method="getAllBooks" />
<include method="getBookByName" />
<include method="updateBook" />
<include method="addBook" />
<include method="deleteBook" />
</create>
</allow>
</dwr>
index.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>DWR test</title>
<script type='text/javascript' src='/shdwr/dwr/interface/BookManageService.js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='/shdwr/dwr/engine.js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='/shdwr/dwr/util.js'></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var bookCache ={};
var currentBook = null;
function loadAllBooks(){
BookManageService.getAllBooks(handleGetAllBooks,handleGetAllBooksError);
}
function handleGetAllBooks(books){
dwr.util.removeAllRows("booksBody",{ filter:function(tr){
return (tr.id != "pattern");
}});
var book,id;
for(var i = 0; i < books.length; i++){
book = books[i];
id = book.id;
dwr.util.cloneNode("pattern", { idSuffix:id });
dwr.util.setValue("t_name" + id, book.name);
dwr.util.setValue("t_isbm" + id, book.isbm);
dwr.util.setValue("t_author" + id,book.author);
$("pattern" + id).style.display = "block";
bookCache[id] = book;
}
}
function handleGetAllBooksError(msg){
alert("Error: " + msg);
}
function addBook(){
var book ={name:null,isbm:null,author:null};
dwr.util.getValues(book);
dwr.engine.beginBatch();
BookManageService.addBook(book);
loadAllBooks();
dwr.engine.endBatch();
}
function editBook(btId){
currentBook = bookCache[btId.substring(4)];
dwr.util.setValues(currentBook);
}
function updateBook(){
var book = {id:null,name:null,isbm:null,author:null};
dwr.util.getValues(book);
book.id = currentBook.id;
BookManageService.updateBook(book,handleUpdateBook,handleUpdateBookError);
}
function handleUpdateBook(){
alert("Update book successfully!");
loadAllBooks();
}
function handleUpdateBookError(msg){
alert("Error: " + msg);
}
function deleteBook(btId){
var i = confirm("Are you sure to delete the book?");
if(i == true)
BookManageService.deleteBook(btId.substring(6),handleDeleteBook,handleDeleteBookError);
}
function handleDeleteBook(){
alert("The book has been delete successfully!");
loadAllBooks();
}
function handleDeleteBookError(msg){
alert("Error: " + msg);
}
function reset(){
dwr.util.setValue("name", "");
dwr.util.setValue("isbm", "");
dwr.util.setValue("author", "");
}
</script>
</head>
<body οnlοad="loadAllBooks()">
<div>
<h2>
Add book
</h2>
<table>
<tr>
<td>
Name:
</td>
<td>
<input type="text" id="name">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
ISBN:
</td>
<td>
<input type="text" id="isbm">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Author:
</td>
<td>
<input type="text" id="author">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<input type="button" id="add" value="Add" οnclick="addBook()">
<input type="reset" id="reset" value="reset" οnclick="reset()">
<input type="button" id="update" value="Update"
οnclick="updateBook()">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<hr>
<div id="list">
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>
Name
</th>
<th>
ISBN
</th>
<th>
Author
</th>
<th>
Action
</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody id="booksBody">
<tr id="pattern" style="display: none;">
<td>
<span id="t_name"></span>
</td>
<td>
<span id="t_isbm"></span>
</td>
<td>
<span id="t_author"></span>
</td>
<td>
<span id="action"> <input id="edit" type="button"
value="Edit" οnclick="editBook(this.id)" /> <input id="delete"
type="button" value="Delete" οnclick="deleteBook(this.id)" />
</span>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</body>
一:
用myeclipse中的傻瓜式添加spring组件。
修改web.xml文件内容,如下:(红色标记处)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext-dwr.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>uk.ltd.getahead.dwr.DWRServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/dwr/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
二:
将文件交给spring来管理
<!DOCTYPE dwr PUBLIC "-//GetAhead Limited//DTD Direct Web Remoting 2.0//EN" "http://getahead.org/dwr//dwr20.dtd">
<dwr>
<allow>
<create creator="spring" javascript="DWRUserAccess">
<param name="beanName" value="dwrUserAccess"/>
</create>
<convert match="com.dwr.User" converter="bean"></convert>
</allow>
</dwr>
在web-inf下新建applicationContext-dwr.xml文件,内容如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans default-autowire="byName">
<bean name="dwrUserAccess" class="com.dwr.DWRUserAccess"></bean>
</beans>
OK。
以上摘自open-open,它通过反射,将java翻译成javascript,然后利用回调机制,轻松实现了javascript调用Java代码。
其大概开发过程如下:
1.编写业务代码,该代码是和dwr无关的。
2.确认业务代码中哪些类、哪些方法是要由javascript直接访问的。
3.编写dwr组件,对步骤2的方法进行封装。
4.配置dwr组件到dwr.xml文件中,如果有必要,配置convert,进行java和javascript类型互转。
5.通过反射机制,dwr将步骤4的类转换成javascript代码,提供给前台页面调用。
5.编写网页,调用步骤5的javascript中的相关方法(间接调用服务器端的相关类的方法),执行业务逻辑,将执行结果利用回调函数返回。
6.在回调函数中,得到执行结果后,可以继续编写业务逻辑的相关javascript代码。
下面以用户注册的例子,来说明其使用。(注意,本次例子只是用于演示,说明DWR的使用,类设计并不是最优的)。
1.先介绍下相关的Java类
User: 用户类,
public class User {
//登陆ID,主键唯一
private String id;
//姓名
private String name;
//口令
private String password;
//电子邮件
private String email;
//以下包含getXXX和setXXX方法
.......
}
UserDAO:实现User的数据库访问,这里作为一个演示,编写测试代码
public class UserDAO {
//存放保存的数据
private static Map dataMap = new HashMap();
//持久用户
public boolean save(User user) {
if (dataMap.containsKey(user.getId()))
return false;
System.out.println("下面开始保存用户");
System.out.println("id:"+user.getId());
System.out.println("password:"+user.getPassword());
System.out.println("name:"+user.getName());
System.out.println("email:"+user.getEmail());
dataMap.put(user.getId(), user);
System.out.println("用户保存结束");
return true;
}
//查找用户
public User find(String id) {
return (User)dataMap.get(id);
}
}
DWRUserAccess:DWR组件,提供给javascript访问的。
public class DWRUserAccess {
UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAO();
public boolean save(User user) {
return userDAO.save(user);
}
public User find(String id) {
return userDAO.find(id);
}
}
下面说明下程序执行的流程
1.用户在页面上输入相关注册信息,id、name、password、email,点击“提交”按钮
2.javascript代码开始执行,根据用户填写相关信息,通过dwr提供的DWRUserAccess.js里save的方法,调用服务器端的DWRUserAccess类save方法,将注册信息保存。
3.通过DWRUserAccess.jsp里的find方法,调用服务器端DWRUserAccess类里的find方法,执行用户信息查找。
注意,在以上的执行过程中,DWRUserAccess是供DWR调用的,是DWR组件,因此需要将DWRUserAccess类配置到dwr中。
接下来讲解本次dwr测试环境的配置。
1.新建一个webapp,命名为testApp
2.将dwr.jar拷贝到testApp的WEB-INF的lib目录下
3.编译上面的User,UserDAO,DWRUserAccess类,放到classes目录下
4.在web.xml中配置servlet,适配路径到dwr目录下,如下所示
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<display-name>DWR Servlet</display-name>
<description>Direct Web Remoter Servlet</description>
<servlet-class>uk.ltd.getahead.dwr.DWRServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>scriptCompressed</param-name>
<param-value>false</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/dwr/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
以上的配置可以拦截testApp下所有指向dwr的请求,关于这个拦截器,我们会在后面介绍。
5.WEB-INF下新建一个dwr.xml文件,内容如下:
< xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" >
<!DOCTYPE dwr PUBLIC "-//GetAhead Limited//DTD Direct Web Remoting 1.0//EN" "http://www.getahead.ltd.uk/dwr/dwr10.dtd">
<dwr>
<allow>
<create creator="new" javascript="DWRUserAccess">
<param name="class" value="test.DWRUserAccess"/>
</create>
<convert converter="bean" match="test.User"/>
</allow>
</dwr>
这里我们把DWRUserAccess配置到了dwr中,create元素中,creater="new"表示每调用一次DWRUserAccess时,需要new一个这样的类;javascript="DWRUserAccess",表示提供给前台页面调用的javascirpt文件是DWRUserAccess.js。
convert元素用于数据类型转换,即java类和javascript之间相互转换,因为和前台交换的是User对象,因此需要对此使用bean转换,我们将在后面介绍这个类。
4.编写测试的HTML页面 test.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>DWR测试</TITLE>
<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=gb2312">
<script src="/oblog312/dwr/engine.js"></script>
<script src="/oblog312/dwr/util.js"></script>
<script src="/oblog312/dwr/interface/DWRUserAccess.js"></script>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<B>用户注册</B><br>
------------------------------------------------
<Br>
<form name="regForm">
登陆ID:<input type="text" name="id"><br>
口 令:<input type="password" name="password"><br>
姓 名:<input type="text" name="name"><br>
电子邮件:<input type="text" name="email"><br>
<input type="button" name="submitBtn" value="提交" οnclick="OnSave()"><br>
</form>
<br>
<br><B>用户查询</B><br>
------------------------------------------------
<Br>
<form name="queryForm">
登陆ID:<input type="text" name="id"><br>
<input type="button" name="submitBtn" value="提交" οnclick="OnFind()"><br>
</form>
<br>
</BODY>
</HTML>
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript">
<!--
function saveFun(data) {
if (data) {
alert("注册成功!");
} else {
alert("登陆ID已经存在!");
}
}
function OnSave() {
var userMap = {};
userMap.id = regForm.id.value;
userMap.password = regForm.password.value;
userMap.name = regForm.name.value;
userMap.email = regForm.email.value;
DWRUserAccess.save(userMap, saveFun);
}
function findFun(data) {
if (data == null) {
alert("无法找到用户:"+queryForm.id.value);
return;
}
alert("找到用户,nid:"+data.id+",npassword:"+data.password+",nname:"+data.name+",nemail:"+data.email);
}
function OnFind() {
DWRUserAccess.find(queryForm.id.value, findFun);
}
//-->
</SCRIPT>
以下对页面的javascript进行解释
<script src="/oblog312/dwr/engine.js"></script>
<script src="/oblog312/dwr/util.js"></script>
这两个是dwr提供的,用户可以不必关心,只需要导入即可
<script src="/oblog312/dwr/interface/DWRUserAccess.js"></script>
是我们编写的DWRUserAccess类,经dwr反射后,生成的javascript代码,它和DWRUserAccess.java是对应的,供用户调用,实际上我们就是通过这个js文件去调用服务器端的DWRUserAccess类的。
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript">
<!--
function saveFun(data) {
if (data) {
alert("注册成功!");
} else {
alert("用户名已经存在!");
}
}
function OnSave() {
var userMap = {};
userMap.id = regForm.id.value;
userMap.password = regForm.password.value;
userMap.name = regForm.name.value;
userMap.email = regForm.email.value;
DWRUserAccess.save(userMap, saveFun);
}
function findFun(data) {
if (data == null) {
alert("无法找到用户:"+queryForm.id.value);
return;
}
alert("找到用户,nid:"+data.id+",npassword:"+data.password+",nname:"+data.name+",nemail:"+data.email);
}
function OnFind() {
DWRUserAccess.find(queryForm.id.value, findFun);
}
//-->
</SCRIPT>
这段javascirpt代码,我们来看下OnSave函数,首先它构造一个map,将表单数据都设置到map中,然后调用DWRUserAccess.save(userMap, saveFun),执行save操作。大家可以注意到,服务器端的DWRUserAccess中的save方法是这样的:boolean save(User user),其参数是一个User对象,返回一个boolean值;而客户端的方法是这样的:save(userMap,saveFun),第一个参数userMap是javascirpt中的map对象,在这里相当于服务器端的User对象(在服务器端执行时,会通过convert转换成User对象),前面我们提到dwr是利用回调函数来返回执行结果的,第二个参数saveFun即是一个回调函数。在函数function saveFun(data)中,data是执行结果,这里是一个bool值,非常简单的,我们通过判断data是否为真,可以知道用户名是否重复,用户是否注册成功。
看一下OnFind查找函数,执行结果在回调函数findFun(data)中,因为服务器端返回的是一个User对象,通过convert,将会转换成javascript的一个map对象,
于是在findFun中,通过data.id、data.name、data.password、data.email我们可以轻松的访问到这个User对象。
好了配置完毕,启动服务器,在目录中打入localhost/testApp/test.html。
1.在“用户注册”表单中,id框中输入admin,password中输入123456,name中输入chenbug,email中输入chenbug@zj.com,点击提交按钮,弹出对话框:“注册成功”,在服务器后台可以看到信息如下:
下面开始保存用户
id:admin
password:123456
name:chenbug
email:chenbug@zj.com
用户保存结束
再次点击提交按钮,弹出对话框“登陆ID已经存在”。
2.在“用户查询”对话框中,输入登陆ID为admin,点击提交按钮,提示找到用户,并显示相关信息,输入admin123,点击提交按钮,提示无法找到用户。
至此,测试结束。
后续:
1。拦截器 uk.ltd.getahead.dwr.DWRServlet
该类拦截所有指向dwr目录下的请求,并调用Processor的handler方法进行处理,在uk.ltd.getahead.dwr.impl.DefaultProcessor下,我们可以看到详细的处理过程。
if (pathInfo.length() == 0 ||
pathInfo.equals(HtmlConstants.PATH_ROOT) ||
pathInfo.equals(req.getContextPath()))
{
resp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath() + servletPath + HtmlConstants.FILE_INDEX);
}
else if (pathInfo.startsWith(HtmlConstants.FILE_INDEX))
{
index.handle(req, resp);
}
else if (pathInfo.startsWith(HtmlConstants.PATH_TEST))
{
test.handle(req, resp);
}
else if (pathInfo.startsWith(HtmlConstants.PATH_INTERFACE))
{
iface.handle(req, resp);
}
else if (pathInfo.startsWith(HtmlConstants.PATH_EXEC))
{
exec.handle(req, resp);
}
else if (pathInfo.equalsIgnoreCase(HtmlConstants.FILE_ENGINE))
{
file.doFile(req, resp, HtmlConstants.FILE_ENGINE, HtmlConstants.MIME_JS);
}
else if (pathInfo.equalsIgnoreCase(HtmlConstants.FILE_UTIL))
{
file.doFile(req, resp, HtmlConstants.FILE_UTIL, HtmlConstants.MIME_JS);
}
else if (pathInfo.equalsIgnoreCase(HtmlConstants.FILE_DEPRECATED))
{
file.doFile(req, resp, HtmlConstants.FILE_DEPRECATED, HtmlConstants.MIME_JS);
}
else
{
log.warn("Page not found (" + pathInfo + "). In debug/test mode try viewing /[WEB-APP]/dwr/"); //$NON-NLS-1$ //$NON-NLS-2$
resp.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND);
}
通过判断request请求的servlet路径,进行处理,大家可以自己去参看,这里不详细讨论。
2.bean转换器,<convert converter="bean" match="test.User"/>
将dwr.jar解压缩,在路径ukltdgetaheaddwr下可以看到dwr.xml,这里配置了系统默认的一些转换器,
<converter id="bean" class="uk.ltd.getahead.dwr.convert.BeanConverter"/>即是刚才用到User类的转换器,进入代码我们来看看它是如何在javascript和java间进行转换的。
打开BeanConverter代码,定位到函数
public Object convertInbound(Class paramType, InboundVariable iv, InboundContext inctx) throws ConversionException
即是将javascript对象转换成java对象的,其中
paramType即Class类型,在上面的例子中是test.User,
InboundVariable iv,是传入的值,通过iv.getValue可以得到传入的javascript值串
InboundContext inctx,是入口参数上下文,用于保存转换的后java对象。
因为前台传入的是一个javascript的map类型,而map肯定是以{开始和以}结束的,于是在这个函数一开始进行了判断
if (!value.startsWith(ConversionConstants.INBOUND_MAP_START))
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException(Messages.getString("BeanConverter.MissingOpener", ConversionConstants.INBOUND_MAP_START)); //$NON-NLS-1$
}
if (!value.endsWith(ConversionConstants.INBOUND_MAP_END))
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException(Messages.getString("BeanConverter.MissingCloser", ConversionConstants.INBOUND_MAP_START)); //$NON-NLS-1$
}
javascript中,map里各个项是用逗号连接的,如var userMap = {id:'admin',password:'123456',name:'chenbug',email:'chenbug@zj.com'};而每个项的键值对是用冒号连接的,
在convertInbound函数的接下来的处理中,即是通过分析map字串,通过paramType构造java实例(即User类),然后通过反射,将这些键值对设置到java实例中,并返回。
这样就完成了javascript到java的转换。
另一个函数
public String convertOutbound(Object data, String varname, OutboundContext outctx) throws ConversionException
即是将java对象转换为javascript对象(其实是声明和赋值语句)。
Object data ,是待转换的java对象
String varname,是javascript中的该对象的变量名
OutboundContext outctx,传出参数上下文,用于保存转换后的javascript值
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
buffer.append("var "); //$NON-NLS-1$
buffer.append(varname);
buffer.append("={};"); //$NON-NLS-1$
这里声明了map类型的变量。
即下来来的代码即是通过反射进行变量赋值,如下
buffer.append(varname);
buffer.append('.');
buffer.append(name);
buffer.append('=');
buffer.append(nested.getAssignCode());
buffer.append(';');
大家可以自己去参看更多的代码。
3.dwr本身提供了一个测试环境,大家在配置完后,可以在IE中输入地址http://localhost/testApp/dwr/index.html,看到配置的各DWR组件,并进行相关测试。