继承与多态（一）：使用继承扩展类

enum BREED
{
	Golden,Teddy,ChineseField
};
class Mammal
{
public:
	Mammal(){}
	Mammal(int newAge, int newWeight) :age(newAge), weight(newWeight)
	{
		cout << "Mammal Constructor!" << endl;
	}
	~Mammal()
	{
		cout << "Mammal Destructor!" << endl;
	}
	int getAge()
	{
		return age;
	}
	void setAge(int newAge)
	{
		age = newAge;
	}
	int getWeight()
	{
		return weight;
	}
	void setWeight(int newWeight)
	{
		weight = newWeight;
	}

	void speak() const
	{
		cout << "Mammal speak!" << endl;
	}
	void sleep() const
	{
		cout << "Mammal sleep!" << endl;
	}


protected:
	int age;
	int weight;
};
class Dog:public Mammal
{
public:
	Dog():Mammal(3,15),breed(ChineseField)
	{
		cout << "Dog Constructor!" << endl;
	}
	~Dog()
	{
		cout << "Dog Constructor!" << endl;
	}
	BREED getBreed()
	{
		return breed;
	}
	void setBreed(BREED newBreed)
	{
		breed = newBreed;
	}
	void wagTail()
	{
		cout << "Tail wagging..." << endl;
	}
	void begForFood()
	{
		cout << "Begging for food!" << endl;
	}
private:
	BREED breed;
};

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
	Dog dog;
	dog.speak();
	dog.wagTail();
	cout << "Age:" << dog.getAge() << endl;
	cout << "Weight:" << dog.getWeight() << endl;
}

输出：

Mammal Constructor!
Dog Constructor!
Mammal speak!
Tail wagging...
Age:3
Weight:15
Dog Constructor!
Mammal Destructor!
请按任意键继续. . .

1.注意构造析构函数调用顺序

2.子类构造时，会初始化父类的不带参的默认构造函数，如果父类构造函数是带参的，子类需显式初始化父类构造函数