文章属于转载:http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-28572323-id-3482376.html
软硬件平台:
宿主机:fedora10 vmware虚拟机
目标版:tiny6410,linux2.6.38
交叉编译工具:arm-linux- 4.5.1
网卡:Ralink3070模块
步骤:
1、编译驱动的预操作:编译arm版本的内核源码。
从tiny6410的光碟中获取内核源码,此内核源码已经经过友善之臂的移植,可以直接编译移植入tiny6410中。
cp linux-2.6.38-20110718.tar.gz /usr/src/kernels/
cd /usr/src/kernels
tar -zxvf linux-2.6.38-20110718.tar.gz
cd linux-2.6.38
cp config_mini6410_n43 .config
make menuconfig
进入内核配置界面,内核配置中需要做的修改如下:
[*] Networking support --->
[*] Wireless --->
<*> cfg80211 - wireless configuration API
[*] Wireless extensions sysfs files
<*> Generic IEEE 802.11 Networking Stack (mac80211)
Device Drivers --->
[*] Network device support --->
[*] Wireless LAN --->
<*> IEEE 802.11 for Host AP (Prism2/2.5/3 and WEP/TKIP/CCMP)
[*] Support downloading firmware images with Host AP driver
[*] Support for non-volatile firmware download
<M> Ralink driver support --->
<M> Ralink rt27xx/rt28xx/rt30xx (USB) support
然后make,编译通过后会在arch/arm/boot/目录下生成可烧写入开发板的zImage内核镜像。
2、编译rt3070模块的驱动
在雷凌的官网下载linux版本的rt3070驱动2011_0719_RT3070_RT3370_RT5370_RT5372_Linux_STA_V2.5.0.3_DPO.bz2,解压后的目录名称太长,所以可以对其做修改方便使用,然后进入到目录中
tar –jxf 2011_0719_RT3070_RT3370_RT5370_RT5372_Linux_STA_V2.5.0.3_DPO.bz2
mv 2011_0719_RT3070_RT3370_RT5370_RT5372_Linux_STA_V2.5.0.3_DPO rt3070
cd rt3070
目录中的README_STA_usb文件介绍了编译和加载驱动的一些信息。需要对os/linux/目录下的conf.mk文件进行修改,这里只贴出要修改的部分:
vim os/linux/config.mk
# Support Wpa_Supplicant
HAS_WPA_SUPPLICANT=y
# Support Native WpaSupplicant for Network Maganger
HAS_NATIVE_WPA_SUPPLICANT_SUPPORT=y
Makefile也要进行修改,芯片类型改为3070,默认的PLATFORM为PC,那么将后面的ifeq($(PLATFORM),PC)下的内核源码路径指定为上述的交叉编译过的内核源码目录,交叉编译工具指定为arm-linux-,当然之前应该把交叉工具链安装好,这里不再详述。
vim Makefile
ifeq ($(CHIPSET),)
CHIPSET = 3070
endif
……
ifeq ($(PLATFORM),PC)
# Linux 2.6
LINUX_SRC = /usr/src/kernels/linux-2.6.38
# Linux 2.4 Change to your local setting
#LINUX_SRC = /usr/src/linux-2.4
LINUX_SRC_MODULE = /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/
CROSS_COMPILE = /usr/local/FriendlyARM/toolschain/4.5.1/bin/arm-linux-
endif
然后如果直接make,会报如下错误:
/home/cabbage/Desktop/rt3070/os/linux/../../chips/rtmp_chip.c: In function 'RtmpChipOpsHook':
/home/cabbage/Desktop/rt3070/os/linux/../../chips/rtmp_chip.c:470: error: implicit declaration of function 'RT33xx_Init'
make[2]: *** [/home/cabbage/Desktop/rt3070/os/linux/../../chips/rtmp_chip.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [_module_/home/cabbage/Desktop/rt3070/os/linux] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/kernels/linux-2.6.38'
make: *** [LINUX] Error 2
在网上查到似乎是因为改变了CHIPSET所导致的错误。修改chips/目录下的rtmp_chip.c文件,定位到470行,修改后如下:
#ifdef RT30xx
if (IS_RT30xx(pAd))
{
if (IS_RT3390(pAd))
;//RT33xx_Init(pAd);
else
RT30xx_Init(pAd);
}
#endif /* RT30xx */
然后再make,编译通过后会在os/linux/下生成rt3070sta.ko,这就是模块的驱动。 但是这里我出现了一个问题,查看rt3070sta.ko这个文件的大小,居然达到了12m,这是不合理的,原因应该是包含了大量调试信息,用arm-linux-strip可将它的大小裁剪为750k左右。
#arm-linux-strip -S rt3070sta.ko
其中-S参数是必须的,否则在加载驱动的时候会报找不到版本信息的错误。
3、烧写内核和加载驱动
将之前编译好的zImage镜像通过dnw烧写入开发板中,将rt3070sta.ko和驱动源码目录下的RT2870STA.dat两个文件通过nfs或者sd卡下载到开发板中,RT2870STA.dat放入/etc/Wireless/RT2870STA/目录下,rt3070sta.ko放入任意合适的目录,我放在了/usr下。
mkdir –p /etc/Wireless/RT2870STA/
cp RT2870STA.dat / etc/Wireless/RT2870STA/
cp rt3070sta.ko /usr
加载驱动
insmod /usr/rt3070sta.ko
rtusb init rt2870 --->
=== pAd = d1502000, size = 513400 ===
<-- RTMPAllocTxRxRingMemory, Status=0
<-- RTMPAllocAdapterBlock, Status=0
usbcore: registered new interface driver rt2870
然后可以通过ifconfig –a可以看到系统已经正确识别网卡,名称为ra0。
ifconfig –a
ra0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
然后启动网卡,有如下信息输出,而后可以观察到模块的指示灯不停闪烁,此时网卡已经可以正常工作了。
#ifconfig ra0 up
(Efuse for 3062/3562/3572) Size=0x2d [2d0-2fc]
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d1549ba8!
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d1549bd8!
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d1549c08!
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d1549b78!
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d1549ae8!
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d1549b18!
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d151471c!
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d1503edc!
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d1503f14!
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d15147c0!
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d15146bc!
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d151478c!
-->RTUSBVenderReset
<--RTUSBVenderReset
Key1Str is Invalid key length(0) or Type(0)
Key2Str is Invalid key length(0) or Type(0)
Key3Str is Invalid key length(0) or Type(0)
Key4Str is Invalid key length(0) or Type(0)
1. Phy Mode = 5
2. Phy Mode = 5
NVM is Efuse and its size =2d[2d0-2fc]
phy mode> Error! The chip does not support 5G band 5!
RTMPSetPhyMode: channel is out of range, use first channel=1
(Efuse for 3062/3562/3572) Size=0x2d [2d0-2fc]
3. Phy Mode = 9
AntCfgInit: primary/secondary ant 0/1
MCS Set = ff 00 00 00 01
<==== rt28xx_init, Status=0
0x1300 = 00064300
至此网卡驱动移植成功。但是如果需要让网卡连接入目前常见的WPA加密的网络,还需要移植wpa_supplicant工具。
另外还有一个名为wireless_tools的辅助工具,可以用它来检索在网卡所在的环境中存在的无线网络,如果对于要连接入的无线网络的ssid和相关信息已经清楚,可以不用移植,不过这个工具的移植很简单。
4、移植wireless_tools
源码下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/colwer/4515005#comment(这个地址里的资源跟描述不一致……)
tar zxvf wireless_tools.29.tar.gz
cd wireless_tools.29
vim Makefile
PREFIX = /usr/local/wirelesstool
CC = /usr/local/FriendlyARM/toolschain/4.5.1/bin/arm-linux-gcc
AR = /usr/local/FriendlyARM/toolschain/4.5.1/bin/arm-linux-ar
RANLIB = /usr/local/FriendlyARM/toolschain/4.5.1/bin/arm-linux-ranlib
make
make install
在/usr/local/wirelesstool/lib目录下找到libiw.so.29,下载到开发板的/lib/目录下;/usr/local/wirelesstool/sbin目录下找到iwpriv、iwconfig、iwlist, iwevent, iwspy等命令,下载到开发板的/usr/sbin目录下。这时就应该可以使用这些命令通过网卡搜索到环境中的无线网络。
ifconfig ra0 up
iwlist ra0 scan
Cell 06 - Address: 38:83:45:E5:CB:3E
Protocol:802.11b/g/n
ESSID:"idart-wlan311"
Mode:Managed
Frequency:2.437 GHz (Channel 6)
Quality=100/100 Signal level=-43 dBm Noise level=-92 dBm
Encryption key:on
Bit Rates:22.5 Mb/s
IE: WPA Version 1
Group Cipher : CCMP
Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP
Authentication Suites (1) : PSK
IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1
Group Cipher : CCMP
Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP
Authentication Suites (1) : PSK
IE: Unknown: DD0E0050F204104A0001101044000102
Cell 07 - Address: 58:66:BA:EE:DB:40
Protocol:802.11b/g/n
ESSID:"ChinaNet"
Mode:Managed
Frequency:2.437 GHz (Channel 6)
Quality=42/100 Signal level=-73 dBm Noise level=-76 dBm
Encryption key:off
Bit Rates:54 Mb/s
Cell 08 - Address: 58:66:BA:EE:DB:41
Protocol:802.11b/g/n
ESSID:"SYSUWLAN"
Mode:Managed
Frequency:2.437 GHz (Channel 6)
Quality=37/100 Signal level=-75 dBm Noise level=-78 dBm
Encryption key:off
Bit Rates:54 Mb/s
至此wireliss_tools移植成功。
5、移植wpa_supplicant
源码下载地址:http://hostap.epitest.fi/wpa_supplicant/
它的移植还需要openssl,下载地址:http://www.openssl.org/source/
我使用的是wpa_supplicant-0.6.10和openssl-0.9.8e。
将两个包解压后,需要为opensll打上wpa的补丁,然后交叉编译
cp wpa_supplicant-0.6.10/patches/openssl-0.9.8e-tls-extensions.patch openssl-0.9.8e/
cd openssl-0.9.8e
mkdir /usr/local/ssl
vim Makefile
INSTALLTOP=/usr/local/ssl
OPENSSLDIR=/usr/local/ssl
……
CC= arm-linux-gcc
AR= arm-linux- ar $(ARFLAGS) r
RANLIB= arm-linux-ranlib
make
make install
在/usr/local/ssl目录下安装了ssl库。
然后进入到wpa_supplicant的目录,修改配置文件和Makefile
cd ../wpa_supplicant-0.6.10/wpa_supplicant
cp defconfig .config
vim .config
# Uncomment following two lines and fix the paths if you have installed OpenSSL
# or GnuTLS in non-default location
CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/ssl/include
LIBS += -L/usr/local/ssl/lib
vim Makefile
#ifndef CC
CC=arm-linux-gcc
#endif
然后make,便可以在当前目录下得到需要的wpa_supplicant工具
将wpa_supplicant和配置文件wpa_supplicant.conf下载到开发板中,wpa_supplicant替换掉原本开发板/usr/sbin/目录下的wpa_supplicant,wpa_supplicant.conf放在/etc目录下,对wpa_supplicant.conf文件进行编辑:
ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
network={
ssid="idart-wlan311"
scan_ssid=1
key_mgmt=WPA-EAP WPA-PSK IEEE8021X NONE
pairwise=TKIP CCMP
group=CCMP TKIP WEP104 WEP40
psk="XXXXXXXX"
}
其中的psk为无线网的密码
然后把文件末尾提供的一些example全部删除,否则在使用wpa_supplicant时会报一些类型无法识别的错误。
最后进行测试,测试之前要关闭有线网卡eth0,原因是如果不关闭的话在之后添加默认路由时会被设置为有线网卡的默认路由,这个应该有别的解决方法,不过我没有仔细去查。
ifconfig eth0 down
ifconfig ra0 up
ifconfig ra0 192.168.1.248 netmask 255.255.255.0
route add default gw 192.168.1.1
wpa_supplicant -B -ira0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf –Dwext
===>rt_ioctl_giwscan. 28(28) BSS returned, data->length = 3351
==>rt_ioctl_siwfreq::SIOCSIWFREQ(Channel=6)
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d15785c4!
6、ping通外网
ping www.google.com
Rcv Wcid(1) AddBAReq
Start Seq = 00000000
RTMP_TimerListAdd: add timer obj d157a5e4!
PING www.google.com (74.125.128.106): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 74.125.128.106: seq=0 ttl=40 time=86.383 ms
64 bytes from 74.125.128.106: seq=1 ttl=40 time=84.996 ms
64 bytes from 74.125.128.106: seq=2 ttl=40 time=102.010 ms
64 bytes from 74.125.128.106: seq=3 ttl=40 time=86.005 ms
^C
--- www.google.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 84.996/89.848/102.010 ms
参考链接:
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5d534d2201016uvn.html
http://blog.csdn.net/zhuqing_739/article/details/6259686
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-26748719-id-3357068.html
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