本章目标
可以从Servlet中取得session对象并进行操作;
可以从Servlet中取得Application对象并进行操作。
取得HttpSession实例
在Servlet程序中要想取得一个session对象,则可以通过HttpServletRequest接口完成,在此接口中提供了以下的操作方法
public HttpSession getSession()
public HttpSession getSession(boolean create)
取得HttpSession对象
package cn.demo;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
public class HttpSessionDemoServlet extends HttpServlet {//继承HttpServlet
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {//处理服务
HttpSession ses=request.getSession();//取得session对象
System.out.println("SESSION ID --> "+ses.getId());//取得Session Id
ses.setAttribute("username", "chaoyi");//设置属性
System.out.println("username 属性内容 : "+ses.getAttribute("username"));
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {//处理服务
this.doGet(request, response);//调用doGet()
}
}
配置web.xml
<servlet><!-- 定义servlet -->
<servlet-name>sessiondemo</servlet-name><!-- 与servlet-mapping对应 -->
<servlet-class>cn.demo.HttpSessionDemoServlet</servlet-class><!-- 定义包.类名称 -->
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping><!-- 映射路径 -->
<servlet-name>sessiondemo</servlet-name><!-- 与servlet相对应 -->
<url-pattern>/HttpSessionDemoServlet</url-pattern><!-- 页面的映射路径 -->
</servlet-mapping>
效果图:
取得ServletContext实例
application内置对象是ServletContext接口的实例,表示的是Servlet上下文,如果要在一个Servlet中使用此对象,直接通过GenericServlet类提供的方法即可:
public ServletContext getServletContext()
取得application对象
package cn.demo;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class ServletContextDemoServlet extends HttpServlet {//继承HttpServlet
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {//处理服务
ServletContext app=super.getServletContext();//取得application
System.out.println("真实路径:"+app.getRealPath("/"));
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {//处理服务
this.doGet(request, response);//调用doGet()
}
}
配置web.xml
<servlet><!-- 定义servlet -->
<servlet-name>applicationdemo</servlet-name><!-- 与servlet-mapping对应 -->
<servlet-class>cn.demo.ServletContextDemoServlet</servlet-class><!-- 定义包.类名称 -->
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping><!-- 映射路径 -->
<servlet-name>applicationdemo</servlet-name><!-- 与servlet相对应 -->
<url-pattern>/ServletContextDemoServlet</url-pattern><!-- 页面的映射路径 -->
</servlet-mapping>
效果图:
小结
通过getSession()方法可以直接取得HttpSession的实例化对象;
通过getServletContext()方法可以取得ServletContext的实例化对象。