上一节分析了Dispatcher中的init（）初始化相应的配置信息，只是简单的分析了一下，现在重点分析一下怎么加载的struts.xml文件，更重点是struts.xml中action标签是怎么加载？
init_TraditionalXmlConfigurations()代码：
private static final String DEFAULT_CONFIGURATION_PATHS = "struts-default.xml,struts-plugin.xml,struts.xml";
private void init_TraditionalXmlConfigurations() {
String configPaths = initParams.get("config");
if (configPaths == null) {
configPaths = DEFAULT_CONFIGURATION_PATHS;
}
String[] files = configPaths.split("\\s*[,]\\s*");
for (String file : files) {
if (file.endsWith(".xml")) {
if ("xwork.xml".equals(file)) {
configurationManager.addContainerProvider(createXmlConfigurationProvider(file, false));
} else {
configurationManager.addContainerProvider(createStrutsXmlConfigurationProvider(file, false, servletContext));
}
} else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid configuration file name");
}
}
}
(2)XmlConfigurationProvider负责解析xwork.xml
(3)其它xml都是由StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider来解析
对于其它配置文件只用StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider，此类继承XmlConfigurationProvider，而XmlConfigurationProvider又实现ConfigurationProvider接口。
类XmlConfigurationProvider负责配置文件的读取和解析.
1、XmlConfigurationProvider中init()方法：
public void init(Configuration configuration) {
this.configuration = configuration;
this.includedFileNames = configuration.getLoadedFileNames();
loadDocuments(configFileName);
}（2）配置文件里包含文件
（3）加载配置。
2、loadDocuments(configFileName)代码：
private void loadDocuments(String configFileName) {
try {
loadedFileUrls.clear();
documents = loadConfigurationFiles(configFileName, null);
} catch (ConfigurationException e) {
throw e;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new ConfigurationException("Error loading configuration file " + configFileName, e);
}
}3、loadConfigurationFiles(configFileName, null)代码：
private List<Document> loadConfigurationFiles(String fileName, Element includeElement) {
List<Document> docs = new ArrayList<Document>();//
if (!includedFileNames.contains(fileName)) {//（1）检查时候已经加载过这个文件
if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
LOG.debug("Loading action configurations from: " + fileName);
}
//（2）把filename添加到includedFileNames中
includedFileNames.add(fileName);
Iterator<URL> urls = null;
Document doc = null;
InputStream is = null;
IOException ioException = null;
try {
urls = getConfigurationUrls(fileName);//（3）加载这个文件的路径。
} catch (IOException ex) {
ioException = ex;
}
//（4）如果urls为空或者没有值，errorIfMissing为true报错，否则直接返回。errorIfMissing为true if (urls == null || !urls.hasNext()) {
if (errorIfMissing) {
throw new ConfigurationException("Could not open files of the name " + fileName, ioException);
} else {
LOG.info("Unable to locate configuration files of the name "
+ fileName + ", skipping");
return docs;
}
}
URL url = null;
while (urls.hasNext()) {
try {
url = urls.next();
is = FileManager.loadFile(url);//（5）加载文件，并且返回流
InputSource in = new InputSource(is);
in.setSystemId(url.toString());
doc = DomHelper.parse(in, dtdMappings);//(6)将configFileName配置文件通过SAX解析方式按照DtdMappings解析成Document对象. } catch (XWorkException e) {
if (includeElement != null) {
throw new ConfigurationException("Unable to load " + url, e, includeElement);
} else {
throw new ConfigurationException("Unable to load " + url, e);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
final String s = "Caught exception while loading file " + fileName;
throw new ConfigurationException(s, e, includeElement);
} finally {
if (is != null) {
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
LOG.error("Unable to close input stream", e);
}
}
}
Element rootElement = doc.getDocumentElement();
NodeList children = rootElement.getChildNodes();
int childSize = children.getLength();
for (int i = 0; i < childSize; i++) {
Node childNode = children.item(i);
if (childNode instanceof Element) {
Element child = (Element) childNode;
final String nodeName = child.getNodeName();
//（7）判断这个配置文件里是否包含“include”标签，并且把这个子文件转成Document对象添加到docs中 //解析每个action配置是，对于include文件可以使用通配符*来进行配置
//如Struts.xml中可配置成<include file="actions_*.xml"/> if ("include".equals(nodeName)) {
String includeFileName = child.getAttribute("file");
if (includeFileName.indexOf('*') != -1) {
// handleWildCardIncludes(includeFileName, docs, child);
ClassPathFinder wildcardFinder = new ClassPathFinder();
wildcardFinder.setPattern(includeFileName);
Vector<String> wildcardMatches = wildcardFinder.findMatches();
for (String match : wildcardMatches) {
docs.addAll(loadConfigurationFiles(match, child));
}
} else {
docs.addAll(loadConfigurationFiles(includeFileName, child));
}
}
}
}
docs.add(doc);
loadedFileUrls.add(url.toString());
}
if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
LOG.debug("Loaded action configuration from: " + fileName);
}
}
return docs;
}4、loadPackages()加载package及package中的属性
loadPackages()代码：
public void loadPackages() throws ConfigurationException {
List<Element> reloads = new ArrayList<Element>();
for (Document doc : documents) {
Element rootElement = doc.getDocumentElement();
NodeList children = rootElement.getChildNodes();
int childSize = children.getLength();
for (int i = 0; i < childSize; i++) {
Node childNode = children.item(i);
if (childNode instanceof Element) {
Element child = (Element) childNode;
final String nodeName = child.getNodeName();
if ("package".equals(nodeName)) {
PackageConfig cfg = addPackage(child);
if (cfg.isNeedsRefresh()) {
reloads.add(child);
}
}
}
}
loadExtraConfiguration(doc);
}
if (reloads.size() > 0) {
reloadRequiredPackages(reloads);
}
for (Document doc : documents) {
loadExtraConfiguration(doc);
}
documents.clear();
configuration = null;
}5、addPackage(child)代码：
/**
* Create a PackageConfig from an XML element representing it.
*/
protected PackageConfig addPackage(Element packageElement) throws ConfigurationException {
PackageConfig.Builder newPackage = buildPackageContext(packageElement);
if (newPackage.isNeedsRefresh()) {
return newPackage.build();
}
if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
LOG.debug("Loaded " + newPackage);
}
// add result types (and default result) to this package
addResultTypes(newPackage, packageElement);
// load the interceptors and interceptor stacks for this package
loadInterceptors(newPackage, packageElement);
// load the default interceptor reference for this package
loadDefaultInterceptorRef(newPackage, packageElement);
// load the default class ref for this package
loadDefaultClassRef(newPackage, packageElement);
// load the global result list for this package
loadGlobalResults(newPackage, packageElement);
// load the global exception handler list for this package
loadGobalExceptionMappings(newPackage, packageElement);
// get actions
NodeList actionList = packageElement.getElementsByTagName("action");
for (int i = 0; i < actionList.getLength(); i++) {
Element actionElement = (Element) actionList.item(i);
addAction(actionElement, newPackage);
}
// load the default action reference for this package
loadDefaultActionRef(newPackage, packageElement);
PackageConfig cfg = newPackage.build();
configuration.addPackageConfig(cfg.getName(), cfg);
return cfg;
}/**
* This method builds a package context by looking for the parents of this new package.
* <p/>
* If no parents are found, it will return a root package.
*/
protected PackageConfig.Builder buildPackageContext(Element packageElement) {
String parent = packageElement.getAttribute("extends");
String abstractVal = packageElement.getAttribute("abstract");
boolean isAbstract = Boolean.valueOf(abstractVal).booleanValue();
String name = TextUtils.noNull(packageElement.getAttribute("name"));
String namespace = TextUtils.noNull(packageElement.getAttribute("namespace"));
if (TextUtils.stringSet(packageElement.getAttribute("externalReferenceResolver"))) {
throw new ConfigurationException("The 'externalReferenceResolver' attribute has been removed. Please use " +
"a custom ObjectFactory or Interceptor.", packageElement);
}
PackageConfig.Builder cfg = new PackageConfig.Builder(name)
.namespace(namespace)
.isAbstract(isAbstract)
.location(DomHelper.getLocationObject(packageElement));
if (TextUtils.stringSet(TextUtils.noNull(parent))) { // has parents, let's look it up
List<PackageConfig> parents = ConfigurationUtil.buildParentsFromString(configuration, parent);
if (parents.size() <= 0) {
cfg.needsRefresh(true);
} else {
cfg.addParents(parents);
}
}
return cfg;
}下面详细解释addAction(actionElement, newPackage)，创建ActionConfig，并且给name,class,method赋值。
protected void addAction(Element actionElement, PackageConfig.Builder packageContext) throws ConfigurationException {
String name = actionElement.getAttribute("name");
String className = actionElement.getAttribute("class");
String methodName = actionElement.getAttribute("method");
Location location = DomHelper.getLocationObject(actionElement);
if (location == null) {
LOG.warn("location null for " + className);
}
//methodName should be null if it's not set
methodName = (methodName.trim().length() > 0) ? methodName.trim() : null;//判断方法名称是否为空
// if there isnt a class name specified for an <action/> then try to
// use the default-class-ref from the <package/>
if (!TextUtils.stringSet(className)) {
// if there is a package default-class-ref use that, otherwise use action support
/* if (TextUtils.stringSet(packageContext.getDefaultClassRef())) {
className = packageContext.getDefaultClassRef();
} else {
className = ActionSupport.class.getName();
}*/
} else {
if (!verifyAction(className, name, location)) {
return;
}
}
Map<String, ResultConfig> results;
try {
results = buildResults(actionElement, packageContext);//解析出result标签的name，类型，返回值
} catch (ConfigurationException e) {
throw new ConfigurationException("Error building results for action " + name + " in namespace " + packageContext.getNamespace(), e, actionElement);
}
List<InterceptorMapping> interceptorList = buildInterceptorList(actionElement, packageContext);//拦截器配置
List<ExceptionMappingConfig> exceptionMappings = buildExceptionMappings(actionElement, packageContext);
ActionConfig actionConfig = new ActionConfig.Builder(packageContext.getName(), name, className)
.methodName(methodName)
.addResultConfigs(results)
.addInterceptors(interceptorList)
.addExceptionMappings(exceptionMappings)
.addParams(XmlHelper.getParams(actionElement))
.location(location)
.build();
packageContext.addActionConfig(name, actionConfig);
if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
LOG.debug("Loaded " + (TextUtils.stringSet(packageContext.getNamespace()) ? (packageContext.getNamespace() + "/") : "") + name + " in '" + packageContext.getName() + "' package:" + actionConfig);
}
}注释：（1）解析出action标签的name，class，method属性值
（2）verifyAction（）验证这个action是否合法
（3）buildResults（）方法解析出action返回类型，因为result标签可以有多个，所以这里使用 Map<String, ResultConfig>保存result相关信息。
buildResults（）源码：
protected Map<String, ResultConfig> buildResults(Element element, PackageConfig.Builder packageContext) {
NodeList resultEls = element.getElementsByTagName("result");//获取result标签
Map<String, ResultConfig> results = new LinkedHashMap<String, ResultConfig>();
//遍历每一个result标签，并且获取属性值
for (int i = 0; i < resultEls.getLength(); i++) {
Element resultElement = (Element) resultEls.item(i);
if (resultElement.getParentNode().equals(element) || resultElement.getParentNode().getNodeName().equals(element.getNodeName())) {
String resultName = resultElement.getAttribute("name");//获取name属性
String resultType = resultElement.getAttribute("type");//获取type属性
// if you don't specify a name on <result/>, it defaults to "success" //如果name属性为空，默认“success”
if (!TextUtils.stringSet(resultName)) {
resultName = Action.SUCCESS;
}
// there is no result type, so let's inherit from the parent package
if (!TextUtils.stringSet(resultType)) {
resultType = packageContext.getFullDefaultResultType();
// now check if there is a result type now
if (!TextUtils.stringSet(resultType)) {
// uh-oh, we have a problem
throw new ConfigurationException("No result type specified for result named '"
+ resultName + "', perhaps the parent package does not specify the result type?", resultElement);
}
}
//获取type的处理类的相关信息
ResultTypeConfig config = packageContext.getResultType(resultType);
if (config == null) {
throw new ConfigurationException("There is no result type defined for type '" + resultType
+ "' mapped with name '" + resultName + "'."
+ " Did you mean '" + guessResultType(resultType) + "'?", resultElement);
}
//处理类的类名
String resultClass = config.getClazz();
// invalid result type specified in result definition
if (resultClass == null) {
throw new ConfigurationException("Result type '" + resultType + "' is invalid");
}
//key表示name属性，值表示是result标签的值
Map<String, String> resultParams = XmlHelper.getParams(resultElement);
if (resultParams.size() == 0) // maybe we just have a body - therefore a default parameter
{
// if <result ...>something</result> then we add a parameter of 'something' as this is the most used result param
if (resultElement.getChildNodes().getLength() >= 1) {
resultParams = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
String paramName = config.getDefaultResultParam();
if (paramName != null) {
StringBuilder paramValue = new StringBuilder();
for (int j = 0; j < resultElement.getChildNodes().getLength(); j++) {
if (resultElement.getChildNodes().item(j).getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE) {
String val = resultElement.getChildNodes().item(j).getNodeValue();
if (val != null) {
paramValue.append(val);
}
}
}
String val = paramValue.toString().trim();
if (val.length() > 0) {
resultParams.put(paramName, val);
}
} else {
LOG.warn("no default parameter defined for result of type " + config.getName());
}
}
}
// create new param map, so that the result param can override the config param
Map<String, String> params = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
Map<String, String> configParams = config.getParams();
if (configParams != null) {
params.putAll(configParams);
}
params.putAll(resultParams);
//根据上面获得name，type相应的处理类，还有参数创建ResultConfig对象
ResultConfig resultConfig = new ResultConfig.Builder(resultName, resultClass)
.addParams(params)
.location(DomHelper.getLocationObject(element))
.build();
results.put(resultConfig.getName(), resultConfig);
}
}
return results;
}<package name="struts-default" abstract="true">
<result-types>
<result-type name="chain" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionChainResult"/>
<result-type name="dispatcher" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletDispatcherResult" default="true"/>
。。。。总结：
首先通过init()中的loadDocuments(configFileName);利用DomHelper中的parse(InputSource inputSource, Map<String, String> dtdMappings) 将configFileName配置文件通过SAX解析方式按照DtdMappings解析成Document对象.
然后通过Provider的register()方法加载"bean"和"constant"属性,再通过loadPackages()加载package及package中的属性
addAction()方法负责读取<action>标签，并将数据保存在ActionConfig中；
addResultTypes()方法负责将<result-type>标签转化为ResultTypeConfig对象；
loadInterceptors()方法负责将<interceptor>标签转化为InterceptorConfi对象；
loadInterceptorStack()方法负责将<interceptor-ref>标签转化为InterceptorStackConfig对象；
loadInterceptorStacks()方法负责将<interceptor-stack>标签转化成InterceptorStackConfig对象。
而上面的方法最终会被addPackage()方法调用,addPackage又会被Provider的loadPackages()调用，将所读取到的数据汇集到PackageConfig对象中。
再说句大实话把配置文件转成Document对象，然后就是对这个对象进行遍历节点，根据节点名称进行相应转换成相应的Config
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