PHP在Linux环境下安全配置是一个复杂的过程，其中涉及到很多的细节设置，在这里发出来一个脚本，通过这个脚本来检测你的PHP环境是否存在安全隐患，从而针对这些对你的PHP环境进行加固。
功能：
1.检测PHP环境安全配置
2.应禁用的功能。
3.危险的设置，可能会导致本地或远程文件包含。
4.错误处理。
5.在编译时定义的常量。
安装PHP环境后，将此三个文件脚本放在网站web目录下（audit.php php.xml style.css ）进行浏览器查看，他将在你配置的基础中通过XML文件中匹配规则检测出可能存在的配置错误，存在问题的选项它会用红色突出的颜色显示。当然还有一些东西可以根据你的要求更改。
源码如下：
（1）audit.php
<?php
/**
*audit.php
*PHP Security Auditor
*/
class Audit {
static private $rules;
static private $constants;
static private $phpVer;
static public $report;
/**
* Converts settings such as 1M 1G 1K to their byte equivilent values
* @param string $n
* @return string
**/
static private function convertToBytes($n) {
// If n is -1 then there is no limit
if ($n == -1) return PHP_INT_MAX;
switch (substr($n, -1)) {
case "B": return substr($n,0,-1);
case "K": return substr($n,0,-1) * 1024;
case "M": return substr($n,0,-1) * 1024 * 1024;
case "G": return substr($n,0,-1) * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
}
return $n;
}
static private function MakeReport($type, $title) {
ksort(self::$report[$type]);
$html = '<h1>' . $title . '</h1><table><tr class="h"><th>Setting</th><th>Current</th>
<th>Recomended</th><th>Description</th></tr>';
foreach(self::$report[$type] as $key => $values) {
if ($values['p'] == 1) $class="r";
else $class="v";
$html .= '<tr><td class="e">' . htmlentities($key) . '</td>' . '<td class="'.
$class.'">' . htmlentities($values['c']) . '</td>' . '<td class="'.
$class .'">' . htmlentities($values['r']) . '</td>' . '<td class="'.
$class .'">' . htmlentities($values['d']) . '</td></tr>';
}
$html .= '</table>';
return $html;
}
static public function HTMLReport() {
$class = "";
$html = '<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">' . '<html><head>' . '<link rel="stylesheet"
type="text/css" media="all" href="style.css"/>' . '</head><body>';
$html .= self::MakeReport("ini", "PHP INI");
$html .= self::MakeReport("disabled", "PHP Disabled Functions");
$html .= self::MakeReport("const", "PHP CONST");
$html .= '</html>';
echo($html . "\n");
}
/**
* Adds an item to the reporting array.
* @param string $type - the type (ini or const)
* @param string $key - the name of the variable
* @param string $currentValue - the current ini or const value
* @param string $recomended - the recomended value
* @param string $desc - a description of the issue
* @param boolean $problem - true if not complaint, false if compliant
*/
static private function Report($type, $key, $currentValue, $recomended, $desc, $problem) {
if (isset(self::$report[$type][$key]))
if ((self::$report[$type][$key]['r'] < $recomended) &&
(self::$report[$type][$key['p']] == 1)) return;
self::$report[$type][$key] = array(
"c" => $currentValue,
"r" => $recomended,
"d" => $desc,
"p" => $problem);
}
/**
* Loads the rules from an XML file
* @param string $file
*/
static public function LoadRules($file = "php.xml") {
if (!defined('PHP_VERSION_ID')) {
$version = explode(".", PHP_VERSION);
self::$phpVer = ($version[0] * 10000 + $version[1] * 100 + $version[2]);
} else {
self::$phpVer = PHP_VERSION_ID;
}
self::$constants = get_defined_constants();
self::$rules = simplexml_load_file($file);
}
/**
* Processes the XML ruleset against const and ini values found in PHP
*/
static public function ProcessXML() {
foreach(self::$rules as $null => $entry) {
$ruleID = $entry->attributes()->id;
// Check the version of PHP the rule applies to
$version = (string)$entry->version;
if ($version != "") {
$op = (string)$entry->version->attributes()->op;
switch ($op) {
case 'before':
if ($version < self::$phpVer) continue 2;
break;
}
}
// Evaluate the rule as we are sure it applys to the version of PHP running
switch((string)$entry->type) {
// Look at CONST values in PHP
case "const":
$key = (string)$entry->key; // e.g LIBXML_NOENT
$cValue = self::$constants[$key]; // The current value
$rValue = (string)$entry->value; // The recomended value
$desc = (string)$entry->description; // Description
switch((string)$entry->value->attributes()->op) {
case "eq":
self::Report("const", $key, $cValue, $rValue, $desc,
($cValue == $rValue) ? 0 : 1);
break;
}
break;
// Check the list of functions that should be restricted
case "disable_functions":
$disabled = ini_get("disable_functions");
$list = explode(",", $disabled);
$xmlList = (array)($entry->list);
$xmlList = $xmlList['function'];
foreach($xmlList as $null => $function) {
$de = array_search($function, $list);
self::Report("disabled", $function, (($de == 0) ? "enabled" :
"disabled"), "disabled", "", (($de == 0) ? 1 : 0));
}
break;
// Look at values defined within the INI files
case "ini":
$key = (string)$entry->key; // e.g. display_errors
$cValue = trim(self::convertToBytes(ini_get($key))); // Current value
$rValue = (string)$entry->value; // Recomended value
$desc = (string)$entry->description; // Description
if (is_numeric($rValue) && $cValue == "") $cValue = "0";
// Deals with where one value should be compared to another
if ((string)$entry->value->attributes()->type == "key")
$rValue = self::convertToBytes(ini_get((string)$entry->value));
switch((string)$entry->value->attributes()->op) {
// Equal to
case "eq":
self::Report("ini", $key, $cValue, $rValue, $desc,
($cValue == $rValue) ? 0 : 1);
break;
// Less than or equal to
case "lt":
self::Report("ini", $key, $cValue, "< $rValue", $desc,
($cValue <= $rValue) ? 0 : 1);
break;
// Greater than or equal to
case "gt":
self::Report("ini", $key, $cValue, "> $rValue", $desc,
($cValue >= $rValue) ? 0 : 1);
break;
// Not equal to
case "ne":
$neValue = (string)$entry->value->attributes()->net;
$notBlank = (string)$entry->value->attributes()->notblank;
if ($notBlank == "true") {
self::Report("ini", $key, $cValue, $rValue, $desc,
($cValue != "") ? 0 : 1);
break;
}
self::Report("ini", $key, $cValue, $rValue, $desc,
($cValue != $neValue) ? 0 : 1);
break;
}
break;
}
}
}
}
Audit::LoadRules();
Audit::ProcessXML();
Audit::HTMLReport();
?><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rules>
<entry id="1">
<type>ini</type>
<key>upload_max_filesize</key>
<value op="lt">4194304</value>
<description>Sets the maximum size of an uploaded file. Reduce this to mitigate the risk of DOS attacks.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="29">
<type>ini</type>
<key>upload_max_filesize</key>
<value op="lt" type="key">memory_limit</value>
<description>The maximum size of an uploaded file should be able to fit within the avaliable memory limit.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="30">
<type>ini</type>
<key>post_max_size</key>
<value op="lt" type="key">memory_limit</value>
<description>The maximum post size of data posted to the server should be within the avaliable memory limit.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="32">
<type>ini</type>
<key>always_populate_raw_post_data</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>This does not need to be used. The preferred method for accessing the raw POST data is php://input.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="33">
<type>ini</type>
<key>magic_quotes_gpc</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>Sets magic_quotes state for GPC (GET PUT COOKIE) data. Relying on this feature is highly discouraged.</description>
<version op="before">50300</version>
<url>http://www.php.net/manual/en/info.configuration.php#ini.magic-quotes-gpc</url>
</entry>
<entry id="34">
<type>ini</type>
<key>magic_quotes_runtime</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>Sets magic_quotes state for data from external sources. Relying on this feature is highly discouraged.</description>
<version op="before">50300</version>
<url>http://www.php.net/manual/en/info.configuration.php#ini.magic-quotes-runtime</url>
</entry>
<entry id="35">
<type>ini</type>
<key>safe_mode</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>This feature has been DEPRECATED as of PHP 5.3.0. Relying on this feature is highly discouraged.</description>
<version op="before">50300</version>
</entry>
<entry id="36">
<type>ini</type>
<key>memory_limit</key>
<value op="lt">16777216</value>
<description>The maximum memory limit for each script should be 16M or less.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="5">
<type>ini</type>
<key>upload_max_filesize</key>
<value op="lt" type="key">post_max_size</value>
<description>The maximum upload file size should be less than or equal to the maximum post size.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="2">
<type>ini</type>
<key>max_file_uploads</key>
<value op="lt">10</value>
<description>The maximum mumber of files that can be uploaded in 1 go.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="3">
<type>ini</type>
<key>file_uploads</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>This may be impractical but if not needed file uploading should be disabled.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="4">
<type>ini</type>
<key>post_max_size</key>
<value op="lt">4194304</value>
<description>The maximum post size should as small as reasonably possible to mitigate the risk of DOS attacks.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="6">
<type>ini</type>
<key>register_long_arrays</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>Populates HTTP_*_VARS which should no longer be used.</description>
<version op="before">50300</version>
</entry>
<entry id="7">
<type>ini</type>
<key>register_globals</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>Highly dangerous feature enabling variables to be defined in scripts from the GPC paramaters. This should be always be turned off.</description>
<version op="before">50300</version>
</entry>
<entry id="8">
<type>ini</type>
<key>session.hash_function</key>
<value op="eq">1</value>
<description>MD5 should be replaced with SHA-160 as it is a more complex and secure hashing algorithm.</description>
<version op="after">50000</version>
</entry>
<entry id="9">
<type>ini</type>
<key>session.hash_bits_per_character</key>
<value op="gt">5</value>
<description>The number of bits encoded per character of the session key.</description>
<version op="after">50000</version>
</entry>
<entry id="10">
<type>ini</type>
<key>session.entropy_file</key>
<value op="ne" net="">/dev/random</value>
<description>Provides a random seed for generating the session.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="11">
<type>ini</type>
<key>session.entropy_length</key>
<value op="gt">32</value>
<description>The number of bytes to read for gathering entropy for session generation.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="12">
<type>ini</type>
<key>session.name</key>
<value op="ne" net="PHPSESSID">Custom String</value>
<description>The name given to the PHP Session. It is recomended this be changed from the default.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="14">
<type>ini</type>
<key>session.save_path</key>
<value op="ne" net="/tmp" notblank="true">/custom/location</value>
<description>The save path for the session should be changed from the default /tmp.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="15">
<type>ini</type>
<key>session.use_trans_sid</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>Sessions should not be allowed in GET paramaters.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="18">
<type>ini</type>
<key>display_errors</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>Error messages should be suppressed</description>
</entry>
<entry id="19">
<type>ini</type>
<key>allow_url_fopen</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>Remote files should not be accessable using fopen.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="20">
<type>ini</type>
<key>allow_url_include</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>You should not be able to include remote scripts using include.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="31">
<type>ini</type>
<key>session.cookie_httponly</key>
<value op="eq">1</value>
<description>Cookies must be httponly by default</description>
<version op="after">50200</version>
</entry>
<entry id="20">
<type>ini</type>
<key>open_basedir</key>
<value op="ne" net="/" notblank="true">/the/webroot</value>
<description>Limit the files that can be opened by PHP to the webroot.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="32">
<type>ini</type>
<key>upload_tmp_dir</key>
<value op="ne" net="/tmp" notblank="true">/custom/location</value>
<description>Change the location of where files are initally uploaded to</description>
</entry>
<entry id="21">
<type>ini</type>
<key>max_execution_time</key>
<value op="lt">20</value>
<description>Execution time should be limited to 20 seconds or less.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="22">
<type>ini</type>
<key>max_input_nesting_level</key>
<value op="lt">32</value>
<description>Maximum level of nesting of objects 32 is sufficent.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="23">
<type>ini</type>
<key>enable_dl</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>Disable loading of dynamic extensions.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="24">
<type>ini</type>
<key>display_startup_errors</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>Startup errors should be suppressed.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="25">
<type>ini</type>
<key>log_errors</key>
<value op="eq">1</value>
<description>All errors generated by PHP should be logged to a file.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="26">
<type>ini</type>
<key>log_errors_max_len</key>
<value op="gt">2048</value>
<description>At least 2048 characters of the error message should be stored in the error log.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="27">
<type>ini</type>
<key>error_log</key>
<value op="ne" net="">/custom/location</value>
<description>Should be set to the location of the php error log.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="28">
<type>const</type>
<key>LIBXML_NOENT</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>External entities should be disabled for XML parsing</description>
</entry>
<entry id="37">
<type>ini</type>
<key>session.use_only_cookies</key>
<value op="eq">1</value>
<description>Session variables should only be passed in cookies.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="29">
<type>const</type>
<key>LIBXML_NONET</key>
<value op="eq">0</value>
<description>Network access for XML parsers should be disabled.</description>
</entry>
<entry id="38">
<type>disable_functions</type>
<list>
<function>fsocket_open</function>
<function>pack</function>
<function>escapeshellarg</function>
<function>escapeshellcmd</function>
<function>exec</function>
<function>passthru</function>
<function>proc_close</function>
<function>php_uname</function>
<function>getmyuid</function>
<function>getmypid</function>
<function>passthru</function>
<function>leak</function>
<function>listen</function>
<function>diskfreespace</function>
<function>tmpfile</function>
<function>link</function>
<function>ignore_user_abort</function>
<function>set_time_limit</function>
<function>limit</function>
<function>exec</function>
<function>highlight_file</function>
<function>show_source</function>
<function>fpaththru</function>
<function>virtual</function>
<function>posix_ctermid</function>
<function>posix_getcwd</function>
<function>posix_getegid</function>
<function>posix_geteuid</function>
<function>posix_getgid</function>
<function>posix_getgrgid</function>
<function>posix_getgrnam</function>
<function>posix_getgroups</function>
<function>posix_getlogin</function>
<function>posix_getpgid</function>
<function>posix_getpgrp</function>
<function>posix_getpid</function>
<function>posix</function>
<function>posix_getpwnam</function>
<function>posix_getpwuid</function>
<function>posix_getrlimit</function>
<function>posix_getsid</function>
<function>posix_getuid</function>
<function>posix_isatty</function>
<function>posix_kill</function>
<function>posix_mkfifo</function>
<function>posix_setegid</function>
<function>posix_seteuid</function>
<function>posix_setgid</function>
<function>posix_setpgid</function>
<function>posix_setsid</function>
<function>posix_setuid</function>
<function>posix_times</function>
<function>posix_ttyname</function>
<function>posix_uname</function>
<function>proc_open</function>
<function>proc_close</function>
<function>proc_get_status</function>
<function>proc_nice</function>
<function>proc_terminate</function>
<function>phpinfo</function>
<function>proc_open</function>
<function>shell_exec</function>
<function>system</function>
<function>set_time_limit</function>
<function>ini_alter</function>
<function>dl</function>
<function>popen</function>
<function>parse_ini_file</function>
</list>
</entry>
</rules>@CHARSET "UTF-8";
body {background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000;}
body, td, th, h1, h2 {font-family: sans-serif;}
pre {margin: 0px; font-family: monospace;}
table {border-collapse: collapse;}
td, th { border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 75%; vertical-align: baseline; padding-left:5px; padding-right:5px;}
h1 {font-size: 150%;}
h2 {font-size: 125%;}
.p {text-align: left;}
.e {background-color: #ccccff; font-weight: bold; color: #000000;}
.h {background-color: #9999cc; font-weight: bold; color: #000000;}
.v {background-color: #cccccc; color: #000000; padding-left:5px;}
.r {background-color: #c50000; color: #000000; padding-left:5px;}
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