网上找了很多关于PSNR和SSIM的计算，很多结果算出来都不一样，公式都是普遍的，如下：
现在总结下造成结果差异的原因。
PSNR的差异：
1.灰度图像：灰度图像比较好计算，只有一个灰度值。
2.彩色图像：
(a)可以将分别计算R,G,B三个通道总和，最后MSE直接在原公式上多除以3就行（opencv官方代码是这么做的，与matlab直接计算结果是一样的）。
(b)将R,G,B格式转换为YCbCr，只计算Y分量（亮度分量），结果会比直接计算要高几个dB。
贴代码，这里是将图片格式转成YCbCr（只计算Y分量）：
-
function [PSNR, MSE] = psnr(X, Y)
-
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
%
-
% 计算峰值信噪比PSNR
-
% 将RGB转成YCbCr格式进行计算
-
% 如果直接计算会比转后计算值要小
2dB左右（当然是个别测试）
-
%
-
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
if size(X,
3)~=
1 %判断图像时不是彩色图，如果是，结果为
3，否则为
1
-
org=rgb2ycbcr(X);
-
test=rgb2ycbcr(Y);
-
Y1=org(:,:,
1);
-
Y2=test(:,:,
1);
-
Y1=
double(Y1); %计算平方时候需要转成
double类型，否则uchar类型会丢失数据
-
Y2=
double(Y2);
-
else %灰度图像，不用转换
-
Y1=
double(X);
-
Y2=
double(Y);
-
end
-
-
if nargin<
2
-
D = Y1;
-
else
-
if any(size(Y1)~=size(Y2))
-
error(
'The input size is not equal to each other!');
-
end
-
D = Y1 - Y2;
-
end
-
MSE = sum(D(:).*D(:)) / numel(Y1);
-
PSNR =
10*
log10(
255^
2 / MSE);
控制台输入下面三条语句：
-
>> X= imread(
'C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\noise_image.jpg');
-
>> Y= imread(
'C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\actruel_image.jpg');
-
>> psnr(X, Y)
SSIM的差异：同上，如果直接不转换成YCbCr格式，结果会偏高很多（ matlab中，SSIM提出者【1】，代码 ）。opencv里面是分别计算了R,G,B三个分量的SSIM值（ 官方代码 ）。最后我将3个值取了个平均（这个值比matlab里面低很多）。
以下代码主要是参考原作者修改的，源代码是直接没有进行格式转换，直接RGB格式，下面我是将他转换成YCbCr计算图片的SSIM
-
function [mssim, ssim_map] = ssim(img1, img2, K, window, L)
-
-
%========================================================================
-
%SSIM Index, Version
1.0
-
%Copyright(c)
2003 Zhou Wang
-
%All Rights Reserved.
-
%
-
%The author is with Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
and Laboratory
-
%
for Computational Vision at Center
for Neural Science
and Courant
-
%Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University.
-
%
-
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
%Permission to use, copy,
or modify
this software
and its documentation
-
%
for educational
and research purposes only
and without fee is hereby
-
%granted, provided that
this copyright notice
and the original authors'
-
%names ap pearon all copies
and supporting documentation. This program
-
%shall
not be used, rewritten,
or adapted as the basis of a commercial
-
%software
or hardware product without first obtaining permission of the
-
%authors. The authors make no representations about the suitability of
-
%
this software
for any purpose. It is provided
"as is" without express
-
%
or implied warranty.
-
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
%
-
%This is an implementation of the algorithm
for calculating the
-
%Structural SIMilarity (SSIM) index between two images. Please refer
-
%to the following paper:
-
%
-
%Z. Wang, A. C. Bovik, H. R. Sheikh,
and E. P. Simoncelli,
"Image
-
%quality assessment: From error visibility to structural similarity"
-
%IEEE Transactios on Image Processing, vol.
13, no.
4, pp
.600
-612,
-
%Apr.
2004.
-
%
-
%Kindly report any suggestions
or corrections to zhouwang@ieee.org
-
%
-
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
%
-
%Input : (
1) img1: the first image being compared
-
% (
2) img2: the second image being compared
-
% (
3) K: constants in the SSIM index formula (see the above
-
% reference). defualt value: K = [
0.01
0.03]
-
% (
4) window: local window
for statistics (see the above
-
% reference).
default widnow is Gaussian given by
-
% window = fspecial(
'gaussian',
11,
1.5);
-
% (
5) L: dynamic range of the images.
default: L =
255
-
%
-
%Output: (
1) mssim: the mean SSIM index value between
2 images.
-
% If one of the images being compared is regarded as
-
% perfect quality, then mssim can be considered as the
-
% quality measure of the other image.
-
% If img1 = img2, then mssim =
1.
-
% (
2) ssim_map: the SSIM index
map of the test image. The
map
-
% has a smaller size than the input images. The actual size:
-
% size(img1) - size(window) +
1.
-
%
-
%Default Usage:
-
% Given
2 test images img1
and img2, whose dynamic range is
0
-255
-
%
-
% [mssim ssim_map] = ssim_index(img1, img2);
-
%
-
%Advanced Usage:
-
% User defined parameters. For example
-
%
-
% K = [
0.05
0.05];
-
% window = ones(
8);
-
% L =
100;
-
% [mssim ssim_map] = ssim_index(img1, img2, K, window, L);
-
%
-
%See the results:
-
%
-
% mssim %Gives the mssim value
-
% imshow(max(
0, ssim_map).^
4) %Shows the SSIM index
map
-
%
-
%========================================================================
-
-
-
if (nargin <
2 | nargin >
5)
-
ssim_index = -Inf;
-
ssim_map = -Inf;
-
return;
-
end
-
-
if
(size(img1) ~= size(img2))
-
ssim_index = -Inf;
-
ssim_map = -Inf;
-
return;
-
end
-
-
[M N] = size(img1);
-
-
if (nargin ==
2)
-
if ((M <
11) | (N <
11)) % 图像大小过小，则没有意义。
-
ssim_index = -Inf;
-
ssim_map = -Inf;
-
return
-
end
-
window = fspecial(
'gaussian',
11,
1.5); % 参数一个标准偏差
1.5，
11*
11的高斯低通滤波。
-
K(
1) =
0.01; %
default settings
-
K
(2) =
0.03;
-
L =
255;
-
end
-
-
if (nargin == 3)
-
if ((M < 11) | (N < 11))
-
ssim_index = -Inf;
-
ssim_map = -Inf;
-
return
-
end
-
window = fspecial(
'gaussian',
11,
1.5);
-
L =
255;
-
if (length(K) ==
2)
-
if (K(
1) <
0 | K(
2) <
0)
-
ssim_index = -Inf;
-
ssim_map = -Inf;
-
return;
-
end
-
else
-
ssim_index = -Inf;
-
ssim_map = -Inf;
-
return;
-
end
-
end
-
-
if (nargin == 4)
-
[H W] = size(window);
-
if ((H*W) <
4 | (H > M) | (W > N))
-
ssim_index = -Inf;
-
ssim_map = -Inf;
-
return
-
end
-
L =
255;
-
if (length(K) ==
2)
-
if (K(
1) <
0 | K(
2) <
0)
-
ssim_index = -Inf;
-
ssim_map = -Inf;
-
return;
-
end
-
else
-
ssim_index = -Inf;
-
ssim_map = -Inf;
-
return;
-
end
-
end
-
-
if (nargin == 5)
-
[H W] = size(window);
-
if ((H*W) <
4 | (H > M) | (W > N))
-
ssim_index = -Inf;
-
ssim_map = -Inf;
-
return
-
end
-
if (length(K) ==
2)
-
if (K(
1) <
0 | K(
2) <
0)
-
ssim_index = -Inf;
-
ssim_map = -Inf;
-
return;
-
end
-
else
-
ssim_index = -Inf;
-
ssim_map = -Inf;
-
return;
-
end
-
end
-
-
if size(img1,3)~=
1 %判断图像时不是彩色图，如果是，结果为
3，否则为
1
-
org=rgb2ycbcr(img1);
-
test=rgb2ycbcr(img2);
-
y1=org(:,:,
1);
-
y2=test(:,:,
1);
-
y1=
double(y1);
-
y2=
double(y2);
-
else
-
y1=
double(img1);
-
y2=
double(img2);
-
end
-
img1 =
double(y1);
-
img2 =
double(y2);
-
% automatic downsampling
-
%f = max(
1,round(min(M,N)/
256));
-
%downsampling by f
-
%use a simple low-pass filter
-
%
if(f>
1)
-
% lpf = ones(f,f);
-
% lpf = lpf/sum(lpf(:));
-
% img1 = imfilter(img1,lpf,
'symmetric',
'same');
-
% img2 = imfilter(img2,lpf,
'symmetric',
'same');
-
% img1 = img1(
1:f:end,
1:f:end);
-
% img2 = img2(
1:f:end,
1:f:end);
-
% end
-
-
C1 = (K(
1)*L)^
2; % 计算C1参数，给亮度L（x，y）用。 C1=
6.502500
-
C2 = (K(
2)*L)^
2; % 计算C2参数，给对比度C（x，y）用。 C2=
58.522500
-
window = window/sum(sum(window)); %滤波器归一化操作。
-
-
-
mu1 = filter2(window, img1,
'valid'); % 对图像进行滤波因子加权 valid改成same结果会低一丢丢
-
mu2 = filter2(window, img2,
'valid'); % 对图像进行滤波因子加权
-
-
mu1_sq = mu1.*mu1; % 计算出Ux平方值。
-
mu2_sq = mu2.*mu2; % 计算出Uy平方值。
-
mu1_mu2 = mu1.*mu2; % 计算Ux*Uy值。
-
-
sigma1_sq = filter2(window, img1.*img1,
'valid') - mu1_sq; % 计算sigmax （标准差）
-
sigma2_sq = filter2(window, img2.*img2,
'valid') - mu2_sq; % 计算sigmay （标准差）
-
sigma12 = filter2(window, img1.*img2,
'valid') - mu1_mu2; % 计算sigmaxy（标准差）
-
-
if (C1 >
0 & C2 >
0)
-
ssim_map = ((
2*mu1_mu2 + C1).*(
2*sigma12 + C2))./((mu1_sq + mu2_sq + C1).*(sigma1_sq + sigma2_sq + C2));
-
else
-
numerator1 =
2*mu1_mu2 + C1;
-
numerator2 =
2*sigma12 + C2;
-
denominator1 = mu1_sq + mu2_sq + C1;
-
denominator2 = sigma1_sq + sigma2_sq + C2;
-
ssim_map = ones(size(mu1));
-
index = (denominator1.*denominator2 >
0);
-
ssim_map(index) = (numerator1(index).*numerator2(index))./(denominator1(index).*denominator2(index));
-
index = (denominator1 ~=
0) & (denominator2 ==
0);
-
ssim_map(index) = numerator1(index)./denominator1(index);
-
end
-
mssim = mean2(ssim_map);
-
-
return
控制台输入以下代码：
-
>> img1= imread(
'C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\noise_image.jpg');
-
>> img2= imread(
'C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\actruel_image.jpg');
-
>> ssim(img1,img2)
最后说一句，不管是结果如何，只要对比实验用的同一种评价代码工具，无所谓结果和原论文一不一样，问题是很多论文实验都搞不出来滴
参考文献
【1】Wang Z, Bovik A C, Sheikh H R, et al. Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity[J]. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2004, 13(4):600-612.
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