Oracle面试题目
一.简单SQL查询:
1):统计每个部门员工的数目
select dept,count(*) from employee group by dept;
2):统计每个部门员工的数目大于一个的记录
select dept,count(*) from employee group by dept having count(*)>1;
3):统计工资超过1200的员工所在部门的名称
select e.first_name,salary,d.name
from s_emp e, s_dept d
where e.dept_id = d.id
and salary > 1200;
4):查询哪个部门没有员工
select e.empno, d.deptno
from emp e, dept d
where e.deptno(+) = d.deptno
and e.deptno is null;
二.复杂SQL查询
有3个表(15分钟):(SQL)
Student 学生表 (学号,姓名,性别,年龄,组织部门)
Course 课程表 (编号,课程名称)
Sc 选课表 (学号,课程编号,成绩)
表结构如下:
1) 写一个SQL语句,查询选修了’JAVA’的学生学号和姓名(3分钟)
答:SQL语句如下:
select stu.sno, stu.sname
from student stu, course c, sc
where stu.sno = sc.sno
and sc.cno = c.cno
and c.cname=’JAVA’;
2) 写一个SQL语句,查询’a’同学选修了的课程名字(3分钟)
答:SQL语句如下:
select stu.sname, c.cname
from student stu, course c, sc
where stu.sno = sc.sno
and sc.cno = c.cno
and stu.sname = ’a’;
3) 写一个SQL语句,查询选修了5门课程的学生学号和姓名(9分钟)
答:SQL语句如下:
select stu.sno, stu.sname
from student stu
where (select count(*) from sc where sno=stu.sno) = 5;
三. 在SQL中删除重复记录的方法:(用到rowid (oracle伪列))
1)通过建立临时表来实现
SQL>create table temp_emp as (select distinct * from employee)
SQL>truncate table employee; (清空employee表的数据)
SQL>rename temp_emp to employee; (再将表重命名)
2)通过使用rowid来实现。
SQL>delete from employee where rowid not in (
select max(t1.rowid) from employee t1 group by
t1.emp_id,t1.emp_name,t1.salary);--这里用min(rowid)也可以。
四. TOP N问题:(用到rownum (oracle伪列))
--rownum只能使用<=或<的关系比较运算符
select * from s_emp where rownum <= 2;
--查询公司工资最高的3个人
/*select * from emp
where rownum <= 3
order by sal desc;*/ 错误的
select * from (select * from emp order by sal desc)
where rownum <= 3;
五.分页查询:
--查询第1-5条记录
select * from (select rownum num, s_emp.* from s_emp)
where num >=1 and num <= 5;
--按工资排序,五条一页,查找第二页
select salary,first_name
from(
select s.*, rownum rm
from (select *
from s_emp
order by salary d
) s
)
where rm between 6 and 10
一.简单SQL查询:
1):统计每个部门员工的数目
select dept,count(*) from employee group by dept;
2):统计每个部门员工的数目大于一个的记录
select dept,count(*) from employee group by dept having count(*)>1;
3):统计工资超过1200的员工所在部门的名称
select e.first_name,salary,d.name
from s_emp e, s_dept d
where e.dept_id = d.id
and salary > 1200;
4):查询哪个部门没有员工
select e.empno, d.deptno
from emp e, dept d
where e.deptno(+) = d.deptno
and e.deptno is null;
二.复杂SQL查询
有3个表(15分钟):(SQL)
Student 学生表 (学号,姓名,性别,年龄,组织部门)
Course 课程表 (编号,课程名称)
Sc 选课表 (学号,课程编号,成绩)
表结构如下:
1) 写一个SQL语句,查询选修了’JAVA’的学生学号和姓名(3分钟)
答:SQL语句如下:
select stu.sno, stu.sname
from student stu, course c, sc
where stu.sno = sc.sno
and sc.cno = c.cno
and c.cname=’JAVA’;
2) 写一个SQL语句,查询’a’同学选修了的课程名字(3分钟)
答:SQL语句如下:
select stu.sname, c.cname
from student stu, course c, sc
where stu.sno = sc.sno
and sc.cno = c.cno
and stu.sname = ’a’;
3) 写一个SQL语句,查询选修了5门课程的学生学号和姓名(9分钟)
答:SQL语句如下:
select stu.sno, stu.sname
from student stu
where (select count(*) from sc where sno=stu.sno) = 5;
三. 在SQL中删除重复记录的方法:(用到rowid (oracle伪列))
1)通过建立临时表来实现
SQL>create table temp_emp as (select distinct * from employee)
SQL>truncate table employee; (清空employee表的数据)
SQL>rename temp_emp to employee; (再将表重命名)
2)通过使用rowid来实现。
SQL>delete from employee where rowid not in (
select max(t1.rowid) from employee t1 group by
t1.emp_id,t1.emp_name,t1.salary);--这里用min(rowid)也可以。
四. TOP N问题:(用到rownum (oracle伪列))
--rownum只能使用<=或<的关系比较运算符
select * from s_emp where rownum <= 2;
--查询公司工资最高的3个人
/*select * from emp
where rownum <= 3
order by sal desc;*/ 错误的
select * from (select * from emp order by sal desc)
where rownum <= 3;
五.分页查询:
--查询第1-5条记录
select * from (select rownum num, s_emp.* from s_emp)
where num >=1 and num <= 5;
--按工资排序,五条一页,查找第二页
select salary,first_name
from(
select s.*, rownum rm
from (select *
from s_emp
order by salary d
) s
)
where rm between 6 and 10