C++ 构造函数

C++ 构造函数

C++ 中定义全局的对象，会引发该对象对应类及其父类的构造函数执行，因此可先于main() 函数执行。

如：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Base class defination
class Quote {
public:
	Quote() = default;
	Quote(const std::string &book, double sales_price) :
					bookNo(book), price(sales_price) {
		cout << "Quote constructor ..." << endl;
	}

	std::string isbn() const {
		return bookNo;
	}

	virtual double net_price(std::size_t n) const {
		cout << "Quote" << endl;
		return n * price;
	}

	virtual ~Quote() {
		cout << "Quote deconstructor ..." << endl;
	}

private:
	std::string bookNo;

protected:
	double price;
};

// Derived class defination
class Bulk_quote: public Quote {
public:
	Bulk_quote()= default;
	//Bulk_quote(const std::string &book, double sales_price, std::size_t qty, double dis);
	Bulk_quote(const std::string &book, double sales_price, std::size_t qty, double dis):min_qty(qty), discount(dis), Quote(book, sales_price) {
		cout << "Bulk_quote constructor ..." << endl;
	}

//	double net_price(std::size_t n) const {
		//cout << "hello" << endl;
//	}
	double net_price(std::size_t n) const {
		cout << "Bulk_quote" << endl;
		return n * price * discount;
	}

	~Bulk_quote() {
		cout << "Bulk_quote deconstructor ..." << endl;
	}

private:
	std::size_t min_qty;
	double discount;
};

//Quote basic_item("0-123", 10);
Bulk_quote item("0-123", 10, 3, 0.80);

int main() {
	cout << "!!!Hello World!!!" << endl; // prints !!!Hello World!!!
	return 0;
}

运行输出：

Quote constructor ...
Bulk_quote constructor ...
!!!Hello World!!!
Bulk_quote deconstructor ...
Quote deconstructor ...