它有两种配置方式OpenSessionInViewInterceptor和OpenSessionInViewFilter(具体参看SpringSide),功能相同,只是一个在web.xml配置,另一个在application.xml配置而已。
Open Session In View在request把session绑定到当前thread期间一直保持hibernate session在open状态,使session在request的整个期间都可以使用,如在View层里PO也可以lazy loading数据,如 ${ company.employees }。当View 层逻辑完成后,才会通过Filter的doFilter方法或Interceptor的postHandle方法自动关闭session。
OpenSessionInViewInterceptor配置
-
<beans>
-
<bean name=
"openSessionInViewInterceptor"
-
class=
"org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewInterceptor">
-
<property name=
"sessionFactory">
-
<ref bean=
"sessionFactory"/>
-
</property>
-
</bean>
-
<bean id=
"urlMapping"
-
class=
"org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
-
<property name=
"interceptors">
-
<list>
-
<ref bean=
"openSessionInViewInterceptor"/>
-
</list>
-
</property>
-
<property name=
"mappings">
-
...
-
</property>
-
</bean>
-
...
-
</beans>
OpenSessionInViewFilter配置
-
<web-app>
-
...
-
<filter>
-
<filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
-
<filter-class>
-
org.
springframework.
orm.
hibernate3.
support.
OpenSessionInViewFilter
-
</filter-class>
-
<!-- singleSession默认为true,若设为false则等于没用
OpenSessionInView -->
-
<init-param>
-
<param-name>singleSession</param-name>
-
<param-value>true</param-value>
-
</init-param>
-
</filter>
-
...
-
<filter-mapping>
-
<filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
-
<url-pattern>*.
do</url-pattern>
-
</filter-mapping>
-
...
-
</web-app>
很多人在使用OpenSessionInView过程中提及一个错误:
-
org.
springframework.
dao.
InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException: Write operations
-
are not allowed in read-only mode
(FlushMode.
NEVER
) - turn your Session into
-
FlushMode.
AUTO or remove
'readOnly' marker from transaction definition
看看OpenSessionInViewFilter里的几个方法
-
protected
void doFilterInternal
(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response,FilterChain filterChain
)
throws ServletException,
IOException
{
SessionFactory sessionFactory = lookupSessionFactory
(
);
logger.
debug
(
"Opening Hibernate Session in OpenSessionInViewFilter"
);
Session session = getSession
(sessionFactory
);
TransactionSynchronizationManager.
bindResource
(
sessionFactory,
new SessionHolder
(session
)
);
try
{
filterChain.
doFilter
(request, response
);
}
finally
{
TransactionSynchronizationManager.
unbindResource
(sessionFactory
);
logger.
debug
(
"Closing Hibernate Session in OpenSessionInViewFilter"
);
closeSession
(session, sessionFactory
);
}
}
-
protected Session getSession
(SessionFactory sessionFactory
)
throws DataAccessResourceFailureException
{
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.
getSession
(sessionFactory,
true
);
session.
setFlushMode
(FlushMode.
NEVER
);
return session;
}
-
protected void closeSession(Session session, SessionFactory sessionFactory)
throws CleanupFailureDataAccessException {
SessionFactoryUtils.closeSessionIfNecessary(session, sessionFactory);
}
可以看到OpenSessionInViewFilter在getSession的时候,会把获取回来的session的flush mode 设为FlushMode.NEVER。然后把该sessionFactory绑定到 TransactionSynchronizationManager,使request的整个过程都使用同一个session,在请求过后再接除该 sessionFactory的绑定,最后closeSessionIfNecessary根据该 session是否已和transaction绑定来决定是否关闭session。在这个过程中,若HibernateTemplate 发现自当前session有不是readOnly的transaction,就会获取到FlushMode.AUTO Session,使方法拥有写权限。
-
public
static
void closeSessionIfNecessary
(Session session, SessionFactory sessionFactory
)
-
throws CleanupFailureDataAccessException
{
-
if
(session ==
null ||
TransactionSynchronizationManager.
hasResource
(sessionFactory
)
)
{
-
return;
-
}
-
logger.
debug
(
"Closing Hibernate session"
);
-
try
{
-
session.
close
(
);
-
}
-
catch
(JDBCException ex
)
{
-
// SQLException underneath
-
throw
new CleanupFailureDataAccessException
(
"Could not close Hibernate session", ex.
getSQLException
(
)
);
-
}
-
catch
(HibernateException ex
)
{
-
throw
new CleanupFailureDataAccessException
(
"Could not close Hibernate session", ex
);
-
}
-
}
也即是,如果有不是readOnly的transaction就可以由Flush.NEVER转为Flush.AUTO,拥有 insert,update,delete操作权限,如果没有transaction,并且没有另外人为地设flush model的话,则doFilter的整个过程都是Flush.NEVER。所以受transaction保护的方法有写权限,没受保护的则没有。
采用spring的事务声明,使方法受transaction控制
<bean id="baseTransaction" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" abstract="true"> <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/> <property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true"/> <property name="transactionAttributes"> <props> <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop> <prop key="find*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop> <prop key="load*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop> <prop key="save*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="remove*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> </props> </property> </bean>- <bean id="userService" parent="baseTransaction"> <property name="target"> <bean class="com.phopesoft.security.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"/> </property> </bean>
对 于上例,则以save,add,update,remove开头的方法拥有可写的事务,如果当前有某个方法,如命名为importExcel(),则因没 有transaction而没有写权限,这时若方法内有insert,update,delete操作的话,则需要手动设置flush model为Flush.AUTO,如
-
session.
setFlushMode
(FlushMode.
AUTO
);
-
session.
save
(user
);
-
session.
flush
(
);
尽 管Open Session In View看起来还不错,其实副作用不少。看回上面OpenSessionInViewFilter的doFilterInternal方法代码,这个方法 实际上是被父类的doFilter调用的,因此,我们可以大约了解的OpenSessionInViewFilter调用流程: request(请求)->open session并开始transaction->controller->View(Jsp)->结束transaction并 close session.
一切看起来很正确,尤其是在本地开发测试的时候没出现问题,但试想下如果流程中的某一步被阻塞的话,那在这期间connection就一直被占用而不释 放。最有可能被阻塞的就是在写Jsp这步,一方面可能是页面内容大,response.write的时间长,另一方面可能是网速慢,服务器与用户间传输时 间久。当大量这样的情况出现时,就有连接池连接不足,造成页面假死现象。
Open Session In View是个双刃剑,放在公网上内容多流量大的网站请慎用。