centos7安装mysql-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar和远程访问

centos7安装mysql-8，找到初始默认密码、登陆、修改密码，远程访问，远程连接数据库授权，设置简单密码。

1、下载
下载mysql官网地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=484537.点击页面底部No thanks, just start my download.开始下载。

2、安装
解压安装包：tar -xvf mysql-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar；
文件安装顺序：common --> libs --> client --> server --> devel。(devel可不装)安装命令：rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
当提示“mariadb-libs 被 mysql-community-libs-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64 取代”，是lib和系统自带的冲突，删除后继续：yum remove mysql-libs -y
依赖缺失时“net-tools 被 mysql-community-server-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64 需要”，直接安装缺失的依赖：yum install net-tools -y
过程如下：
[root@localhost mysql]# ll   --进入上传文件的目录,查看文件
总用量 508952
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 521164800 4月  15 14:36 mysql-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@localhost mysql]# tar -xvf mysql-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-server-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-common-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:mysql-community-common-8.0.15-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
警告：mysql-community-libs-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
        mariadb-libs 被 mysql-community-libs-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64 取代
[root@localhost mysql]# yum remove mysql-libs -y
已加载插件：fastestmirror   ***************   完毕！
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
警告：mysql-community-libs-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:mysql-community-libs-8.0.15-1.el7################################# [100%] 
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
警告：mysql-community-client-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:mysql-community-client-8.0.15-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
警告：mysql-community-server-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
        net-tools 被 mysql-community-server-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64 需要
[root@localhost mysql]# yum install net-tools -y
已加载插件：fastestmirror     *****************  完毕！
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
警告：mysql-community-server-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:mysql-community-server-8.0.15-1.e################################# [100%]

注意点：报错libsasl2.so.2()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el6.x86_64

不断的搜索终于搜索到方法，rpm命令增加 --force --nodeps 解决问题。
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
警告：mysql-community-devel-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
        pkgconfig(openssl) 被 mysql-community-devel-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64 需要
[root@localhost mysql]# yum install openssl-devel -y
已加载插件：fastestmirror         ********************    完毕！
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
3、找到密码、登陆、修改密码
找到安装日志：/var/log/mysqld.log 
查看日志中的密码：A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: #+Tp!)#Fv6e;(注意：分号也属于密码)
[root@localhost /]# cd /var/log/
[root@localhost log]# cat mysqld.log 
2019-04-16T02:32:17.449527Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.15) initializing of server in progress as process 7205
2019-04-16T02:32:25.466789Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: #+Tp!)#Fv6e;
重启MySQL服务：service mysqld restart 或者 /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service（这里没有设置，只能用第二个方法启动）
登陆：mysql -u root -p，密码是前面查看日志得到的。
修改登陆密码：ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'QWE123@qweasd';如果提示“Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements”，而自己又不想设置那么复杂的密码，看最后步骤修改密码校验。在这里设置密码校验的话，flush privileges;会重置原先从状态。
开放所有ip地址都能访问：CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root123';root123是你自己设置的密码，若执行开放指定ip能访问，把%换成ip地址。
修改加密方式：ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root123';MySQL8默认是caching_sha2_password
开放防火墙端口
查看防火墙开放的端口。firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
开启防火墙端口3306：firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
[root@localhost /]# service mysqld restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service
[root@localhost /]# /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service
[root@localhost /]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 8.0.15
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>  ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'QWE123@qweasd';
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;
+---------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| host          | user             | authentication_string                                                  | plugin                |
+---------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| localhost     | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost     | mysql.session    | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost     | mysql.sys        | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost     | root             | $A$005$dk,F%
                                                 L^}    :S~YKphTcC.p3U1zuJjR1ZRL6zcMxyVLV4a3X9Uey9o6aQS3 | caching_sha2_password |
+---------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;
+---------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| host          | user             | authentication_string                                                  | plugin                |
+---------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| %             | root             | *FAAFFE644E901CFAFAEC7562415E5FAEC243B8B2                              | mysql_native_password |
| localhost     | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost     | mysql.session    | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost     | mysql.sys        | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost     | root             | $A$005$dk,F%
                                                 L^}    :S~YKphTcC.p3U1zuJjR1ZRL6zcMxyVLV4a3X9Uey9o6aQS3 | caching_sha2_password |
+---------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
80/tcp 8080/tcp 8081/tcp 8761/tcp
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/tcp
success
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
80/tcp 8080/tcp 3306/tcp 8081/tcp 8761/tcp
远程连接数据库授权
创建数据库：CREATE SCHEMA `testd_atabase` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci ;
授权远程连接：grant all on testd_atabase.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root123' with grant option;
如果在客户端创建表时报错："Error 1142: CREATE command denied to user 'root'@'192.168.85.1' for table 'test_table'"，查看user表中'root'@'%'没有grant的权限：select Grant_priv,Super_priv from user where user = 'root' and host = '%';(如果你是指定的IP权限，这里的%换成指定的IP)，结果改为“Y”，我是设置全部为“Y”，建议不要
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 12
Server version: 8.0.15 MySQL Community Server - GPL
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql> CREATE SCHEMA `testd_atabase` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci ;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| testd_atabase      |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> grant all on testd_atabase.* to 'root'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%';        
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> update mysql.user set Grant_priv='Y',Super_priv='Y' ;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 5  Changed: 3  Warnings: 0
 
mysql> select host,Grant_priv,Super_priv from mysql.user ;
+-----------+------------+------------+
| host      | Grant_priv | Super_priv |
+-----------+------------+------------+
| %         | Y          | Y          |
| localhost | Y          | Y          |
| localhost | Y          | Y          |
| localhost | Y          | Y          |
| localhost | Y          | Y          |
+-----------+------------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service
到这里，就可以访问你的远程操作数据库了。

附：

设置登陆密码的复杂度。在设置登陆密码时，总会提示：“Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements”。

首先查看密码规则： SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; 
length设置：set global validate_password.length=4;
policy设置：set global validate_password.policy=0;
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; 
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name                        | Value  |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password.check_user_name    | ON     |
| validate_password.dictionary_file    |        |
| validate_password.length             | 8      |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1      |
| validate_password.number_count       | 1      |
| validate_password.policy             | MEDIUM |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1      |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> set global validate_password.length=4;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> set global validate_password.policy=0; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; 
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                        | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password.check_user_name    | ON    |
| validate_password.dictionary_file    |       |
| validate_password.length             | 4     |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1     |
| validate_password.number_count       | 1     |
| validate_password.policy             | LOW   |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1     |
+--------------------------------------+-------+