iOS：把对象直接转化成NSDictionary或JSON

转载自:   http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_74461f3201017rtt.html

1. 使用

实现的结果就是可以把任何对象转化成字典或者字典对应的JSON。字典的数据就是来自对象的属性名称和属性值 。而且是多层的，也就是说如果对象的某个属性值是另一个对象，数组，或者字典，该值都会被转换成另一个字典。

这个类型名称是PrintObject，它的所有方法都是静态的：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

@interface PrintObject : NSObject //通过对象返回一个NSDictionary，键是属性名称，值是属性值。 + (NSDictionary*)getObjectData:(id)obj;    //将getObjectData方法返回的NSDictionary转化成JSON + (NSData*)getJSON:(id)obj options:(NSJSONWritingOptions)options error:(NSError**)error;    //直接通过NSLog输出getObjectData方法返回的NSDictionary + (void)print:(id)obj;    @end

举个例子，比如用来保存数据的类型是MyData， 这个类型如下定义：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

@interface MyData : NSObject @property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *name; @property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *nullString; @property (nonatomic) int age; @property (nonatomic) BOOL male; @property (nonatomic, strong) MyData *objProp; @property (nonatomic, strong) NSArray *arrProp; @property (nonatomic, strong) NSDictionary *dicProp; @end

然后通过MyData类型创建一个复杂的对象，其中包含非对象属性，对象属性，还有包含对象的数组和字典。代码如下：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

MyData *main = [[MyData alloc] init]; main.name = @ "mgen" ; main.age = 22; MyData *childOfChild = [[MyData alloc] init]; childOfChild.name = @ "child of child" ; childOfChild.age = -443; MyData *child = [[MyData alloc] init]; child.name = @ "child" ; child.arrProp = @[@ "test" , @234, @[@123, @ "array in array" , childOfChild]]; main.objProp = child; main.dicProp = @{@ "中文Key" : @3.444444, @ "object" : childOfChild};

OK，接着使用PrintObject类型输出这个MyData对象（上面的main变量）的字典：

1 2	NSDictionary *dic = [PrintObject getObjectData:main]; NSLog(@ "%@" , dic);

输出：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44

{      age = 22;      arrProp = "<null>" ;      dicProp =     {          object =         {              age = "-443" ;              arrProp = "<null>" ;              dicProp = "<null>" ;              male = 0;              name = "child of child" ;              nullString = "<null>" ;              objProp = "<null>" ;          };          "\U4e2d\U6587Key" = "3.444444" ;      };      male = 0;      name = mgen;      nullString = "<null>" ;      objProp =     {          age = 0;          arrProp =         (              test,              234,                          (                  123,                  "array in array" ,                                  {                      age = "-443" ;                      arrProp = "<null>" ;                      dicProp = "<null>" ;                      male = 0;                      name = "child of child" ;                      nullString = "<null>" ;                      objProp = "<null>" ;                  }              )          );          dicProp = "<null>" ;          male = 0;          name = child;          nullString = "<null>" ;          objProp = "<null>" ;      }; }

也可以输出这个对象的JSON数据

1 2 3

NSData *jsonData = [PrintObject getJSON:main options:NSJSONWritingPrettyPrinted error:nil]; NSString *jsonText = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:jsonData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; NSLog(@ "%@" , jsonText);

结果：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44

{    "arrProp" : null ,    "name" : "mgen" ,    "age" : 22,    "objProp" : {      "arrProp" : [        "test" ,        234,        [          123,          "array in array" ,          {            "arrProp" : null ,            "name" : "child of child" ,            "age" : -443,            "objProp" : null ,            "male" : 0,            "nullString" : null ,            "dicProp" : null          }        ]      ],      "name" : "child" ,      "age" : 0,      "objProp" : null ,      "male" : 0,      "nullString" : null ,      "dicProp" : null    },    "male" : 0,    "nullString" : null ,    "dicProp" : {      "中文Key" : 3.444444,      "object" : {        "arrProp" : null ,        "name" : "child of child" ,        "age" : -443,        "objProp" : null ,        "male" : 0,        "nullString" : null ,        "dicProp" : null      }    } }

2. 实现

在实现上，属性的枚举是通过定义在<objc/runtime.h>中的class_copyPropertyList方法实现。其次，属性值的获取是通过KVC中的valueForKey方法，这个方法同时可以将非对象类型（如BOOL, int等）转换成NSNumber。

接着就是对数组，字典和对象类型值的嵌套处理，所有值就可以获取出来了。

至于JSON，如果正确获取了NSDictionary后，直接使用iOS 5后的NSJSONSerialization类型的dataWithJSONObject方法就可以返回包含JSON字符串的NSData对象了。

3. 下载和代码

源代码下载 下载页面 

注意：链接是微软SkyDrive页面，下载时请用浏览器直接下载，用某些下载工具可能无法下载 

源代码环境：Xcode 4.6.3

PrintObject.h

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>    @interface PrintObject : NSObject //通过对象返回一个NSDictionary，键是属性名称，值是属性值。 + (NSDictionary*)getObjectData:(id)obj;    //将getObjectData方法返回的NSDictionary转化成JSON + (NSData*)getJSON:(id)obj options:(NSJSONWritingOptions)options error:(NSError**)error;    //直接通过NSLog输出getObjectData方法返回的NSDictionary + (void)print:(id)obj;    @end

PrintObject.m

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74

#import "PrintObject.h" #import <objc/runtime.h>    @implementation PrintObject    + (NSDictionary*)getObjectData:(id)obj {      NSMutableDictionary *dic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];      unsigned int propsCount;      objc_property_t *props = class_copyPropertyList([obj class], &propsCount);      for (int i = 0;i < propsCount; i++)      {          objc_property_t prop = props[i];                   NSString *propName = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:property_getName(prop)];          id value = [obj valueForKey:propName];          if (value == nil)          {              value = [NSNull null ];          }          else          {              value = [self getObjectInternal:value];          }          [dic setObject:value forKey:propName];      }      return dic; }    + (void)print:(id)obj {      NSLog(@ "%@" , [self getObjectData:obj]); }       + (NSData*)getJSON:(id)obj options:(NSJSONWritingOptions)options error:(NSError**)error {      return [NSJSONSerialization dataWithJSONObject:[self getObjectData:obj] options:options error:error]; }    + (id)getObjectInternal:(id)obj {      if ([obj isKindOfClass:[NSString class]]         || [obj isKindOfClass:[NSNumber class]]         || [obj isKindOfClass:[NSNull class]])      {          return obj;      }           if ([obj isKindOfClass:[NSArray class]])      {          NSArray *objarr = obj;          NSMutableArray *arr = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:objarr.count];          for (int i = 0;i < objarr.count; i++)          {              [arr setObject:[self getObjectInternal:[objarr objectAtIndex:i]] atIndexedSubscript:i];          }                return arr;      }           if ([obj isKindOfClass:[NSDictionary class]])      {          NSDictionary *objdic = obj;          NSMutableDictionary *dic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:[objdic count]];          for (NSString *key in objdic.allKeys)          {              [dic setObject:[self getObjectInternal:[objdic objectForKey:key]] forKey:key];          }               return dic;      }       return [self getObjectData:obj]; }    @end