Java笔记：继承与初始化

class Insect{
	private int i = 9;
	protected int j;
	Insect(){
		System.out.println("i = " + i + ", j = " + j);
		j = 39;
	}
	private static int x1 = printInit("static Insect.x1 initialized");
	static int printInit(String s) {
		System.out.println(s);
		return 47;
	}
}

public class Beetle extends Insect{
	private int k = printInit("Beetle.k initialized");
	public Beetle() {
		System.out.println("k = " + k);
		System.out.println("j = " + j);
	}
	private static int x2 = printInit("static Beetle.x2 initialized");
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.out.println("Beetle constructor");
		Beetle b = new Beetle();
	}
}

输出：

static Insect.x1 initialized
static Beetle.x2 initialized
Beetle constructor
i = 9, j = 0
Beetle.k initialized
k = 47
j = 39

 

先记录一个知识点，类在其任何static成员被访问时加载，构造器也是static方法，只是没有显示写出来。

在Beetle上运行Java时，所发生的第一件事情就是访问Beetle.main()，一个static方法，于是加载器开始启动并找出Beetle类的编译代码(在名为Beetle.class的文件中)。在对它进行加载的时候，编译器会发现其有个基类，于是开始加载基类。如果基类自身向上还存在基类，则继续向上加载类。如果把创建对象语句Beetle b = new Beetle();注释，因为还需要访问Beetle的static的main方法，还是会进行类加载，此时输出为：

static Insect.x1 initialized
static Beetle.x2 initialized
Beetle constructor
 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3953338/blog/2874625